Response of outbred albino mice to concomitant , and infections.

To investigate the response of mice to concomitant infections with (), (Pb) and (Hb) infections. Each group of 6 mice was either infected with Pb + Tb + Hb, Pb + Tb, Pb + Hb, Tb + Hb, Pb, Tb, Hb or remained as uninfected controls. Hb infected mice each received 200 infective larvae (L3) of Hb orally, Tb infected mice each received 2 × 10 organisms through the intraperitoneal route while Pb infected mice received 1 × 10 parasitized red blood cells through the intraperitoneal route.

Variation in faecal worm egg counts of experimentally infected goats and mice with time of day and its implications in diagnosis of helminthosis.

Faecal worm egg counts (FEC) are very important indicators in assessing the intensity of helminth infections in animal hosts and inform decisions taken in parasite control programmes. FEC are however affected by many factors which include the dose level of larval challenge, species composition of the worms, worm burden, female worm fecundity and concurrent infections to name but these few. The relevance of time of collection of faecal sample for FEC is not fully known and in most cases faeces for analysis is collected whenever feasible for the researcher on sample collection days.

Comparative Response of the West African Dwarf Goats to Experimental Infections with Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf Goat Isolates of Haemonchus contortus.

Response of the West African Dwarf (WAD) goats to two different isolates of Haemonchus contortus, the Red Sokoto (RS) goat isolate (RSHc) and the WAD goat isolate (WADHc) (isolated from WAD goats), was studied by experimental infections of 4-6-month-old male WAD goat kids. Group 1 and Group 2 goats were each infected with 4500 infective larvae (L3) of RSHc and WADHc, respectively. Group 3 animals served as uninfected control.

Comparative study of growth traits and haematological parameters of Anak and Nigerian heavy ecotype chickens fed with graded levels of mango seed kernel (Mangifera indica) meal.

One hundred fifty Anak and 120 Nigerian heavy local ecotype (NHLE) chickens were used to study the effects of feeding graded levels of mango seed kernel meal (MKM) replacing maize diet on growth traits and haematological parameters. A 2 × 5 factorial arrangement was employed: two breeds and five diets. The birds were randomly allocated to five finisher diets formulated such that MKM replaced maize at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5) inclusion levels, respectively.

Anthelmintic potential of three plants used in Nigerian ethnoveterinary medicine.

Context: The leaves of Irvingia gabonensis Baill. Ex Lanen (Irvingiaceae), Ficus exasperata Vahl (Moraceae), and Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) are folklorically used in treating worm infestation in Eastern Nigeria. The anthelmintic potential of the ethanol extracts of the leaves of I.

Correlates of resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infection in Nigerian West African dwarf sheep.

Objective: To investigate correlates of resistance to GI nematode infection in Nigerian West African dwarf (WAD) sheep.

Methods: Thirty three sheep were randomly assigned to two groups, A (n=27) which were used for experimental infections, and B (n=6) which served as uninfected control. Each infected animal received weekly escalating infections with infective larvae (60%Haemonchus contortus (H.

Changes in the body condition scores of Nigerian West African Dwarf sheep experimentally infected with mixed infections of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis.

Weekly changes in body condition scores and body weights were determined in West African Dwarf sheep following trickle exposure to weekly escalating mixed infections with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis starting with single doses of 500 infective larvae (L(3)) at wk1, 1000 L(3) at wk2, 2000 L(3) at wk3 and 4000 L(3) at wk4. Thirty-three animals were randomly assigned to two groups namely, Group 1 (n=27) and Group 2 (n=6). Group 1 animals were used for experimental infections and Group 2 animals served as uninfected controls.

Responses of the humid zone ecotype of the Nigerian West African Dwarf sheep to mixed infections with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis.

The responses of the Nigerian West African Dwarf sheep to experimental infections with two of its most important gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes, namely, Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis were studied by means of two measures of parasitological response, namely, faecal egg count (FEC) and worm burden (Wb), and three measures of host pathology, namely, packed cell volume (PCV), body weight (Bwt) and body condition score (BCS). Following exposure to weekly escalating infections (60% H. contortus and 40% T.

Resistance and resilience of traditionally managed West African Dwarf goats from the savanna zone of northern Nigeria to naturally acquired trypanosome and gastrointestinal nematode infections.

A survey was conducted of gastrointestinal nematode infections and trypanosomosis in Nigerian West African Dwarf (WAD) goats from the savanna region of the country. Animals were screened at two markets, Gboko and Akpagher, from the beginning of April until the end of September, coinciding with the end of the dry season and the first 5 months of the wet season. Of 1054 goats that were examined, 80.

Resistance and resilience of West African Dwarf goats of the Nigerian savanna zone exposed to experimental escalating primary and challenge infections with Haemonchus contortus.

We assessed the resilience and resistance to infection with Haemonchus contortus of savanna West African Dwarf (WAD) goats from northern Nigeria. Adult male goats (n=32) were given an escalating immunizing infection, comprising 5 weekly infections with increasing numbers of larvae. On day (D) 56 they were segregated into low (LFEC) and high (HFEC) faecal egg count phenotypes, and within each phenotype 7 goats were treated with anthelmintic and seven received no treatment.

Naturally occurring variability in some phenotypic markers and correlates of haemonchotolerance in West African Dwarf goats in a subhumid zone of Nigeria.

West African Dwarf (WAD) goats of the Nigerian subhumid zone generally show strong resistance and resilience to Haemonchus contortus in laboratory experiments, although a relatively small proportion are susceptible to infection. Little is known about these extremes of response phenotype in nature. Therefore, a survey was carried out of gastrointestinal nematode infections in WAD goats, with emphasis on abomasal worms, at three goat markets in Southern Nigeria during the rainy season.

The modulatory influence of Trypanosoma brucei on challenge infection with Haemonchus contortus in Nigerian West African Dwarf goats segregated into weak and strong responders to the nematode.

Although Nigerian West African Dwarf (WAD) goats are relatively resistant to infection with Haemonchus contortus and are also trypanotolerant, natural outbreaks of both infections are known to occur. Despite their relative resistance to H. contortus WAD goats nevertheless show variability in response phenotype and it was of interest to examine the effect of this variability on the outcome of concurrent trypanosome infection.

Variability in the resistance of the Nigerian West African Dwarf goat to abbreviated escalating trickle and challenge infections with Haemonchus contortus.

The West African Dwarf (WAD) goat is known to be relatively resistant to infection with Haemonchus contortus. An experiment was carried out to assess variability in resistance under escalating trickle and single pulse challenge infection protocols. Thirty two 7-8 month old goats were subjected to trickle infection beginning with a thrice weekly dose of 100 L3 and increasing to 500 L3 by week 5, the last dose being administered on D30.