Chromosomal Anomalies in Fetuses With Increased Nuchal Translucency: A Vietnamese Retrospective Study.

Background Previously, fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT) were mainly tested for aneuploidy. Recent evidence has shown an incidence of other genetic disorders in euploidy fetuses with thickened NT. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) can detect the incremental yield of microdeletions and microduplications (copy number variants (CNVs)) and provide useful information for prenatal counseling.

Investigation of Be, Mg, Ti-adsorbed boron-germanene nanoribbons for nano applications.

One-dimensional systems are nanostructures of significant interest in research due to their numerous potential applications. This study focuses on the investigation of one-dimensional boron-germanene nanoribbons (BGeNRs) and BGeNRs doped with Be, Mg, and Ti. Density functional theory combined with the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package forms the foundation of this research.

Ways to mitigate greenhouse gas production from rice cultivation.

Rice cultivation boasts a rich historical legacy, serving as the primary sustenance for over 50% of the global population. However, the cultivation process gives rise to the emission of methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO), two potent greenhouse gases. Notably, the global warming potential (GWP) of CH and NO surpasses CO by 27-30 times and 273 times over 100 years, respectively.

"dsbandrepair" - An updated Geant4-DNA simulation tool for evaluating the radiation-induced DNA damage and its repair.

Purpose: Interdisciplinary scientific communities have shown large interest to achieve a mechanistic description of radiation-induced biological damage, aiming to predict biological results produced by different radiation quality exposures. Monte Carlo track-structure simulations are suitable and reliable for the study of early DNA damage induction used as input for assessing DNA damage. This study presents the most recent improvements of a Geant4-DNA simulation tool named "dsbandrepair".

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode.

A TiO/graphene quantum dots composite (TiO/GQDs) obtained by in situ synthesis of GQDs, derived from coffee grounds, and peroxo titanium complexes was used as electrode modifier in the simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine. The TiO/GQDs material was characterized by photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray mapping. The TiO/GQDs-GCE exhibits better electrochemical activity for uric acid and hypoxanthine than GQDs/GCE or TiO/GCE in differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements.

Elucidation of the effects of 2,5-hexandione as a metabolite of -hexane on cognitive impairment in leptin-knockout mice (C57BL/6-Lepem1Shwl/Korl).

Unlabelled: Exposure to n-hexane and its metabolite 2,5-hexandione (HD) is a well-known cause of neurotoxicity, particularly in the peripheral nervous system. To date, few studies have focused on the neurotoxic effects of HD on cognitive impairment. Exposure to HD and diabetes mellitus can exacerbate neurotoxicity.

Biofuel production for circular bioeconomy: Present scenario and future scope.

In recent years, biofuel production has attracted considerable attention, especially given the increasing worldwide demand for energy and emissions of greenhouse gases that threaten this planet. In this case, one possible solution is to convert biomass into green and sustainable biofuel, which can enhance the bioeconomy and contribute to sustainable economic development goals. Due to being in large quantities and containing high organic content, various biomass sources such as food waste, textile waste, microalgal waste, agricultural waste and sewage sludge have gained significant attention for biofuel production.

Ferrostatin-1 specifically targets mitochondrial iron-sulfur clusters and aconitase to improve cardiac function in Sirtuin 3 cardiomyocyte knockout mice.

Aims: Ferroptosis is a form of iron-regulated cell death implicated in ischemic heart disease. Our previous study revealed that Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is associated with ferroptosis and cardiac fibrosis. In this study, we tested whether the knockout of SIRT3 in cardiomyocytes (SIRT3cKO) promotes mitochondrial ferroptosis and whether the blockade of ferroptosis would ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction.

Assessment of three antibiotic combination regimens against Gram-negative bacteria causing neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries.

Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are a major cause of neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although the World Health Organization (WHO) reports that over 80% of these sepsis deaths could be prevented through improved treatment, the efficacy of the currently recommended first- and second-line treatment regimens for this condition is increasingly affected by high rates of drug resistance. Here we assess three well known antibiotics, fosfomycin, flomoxef and amikacin, in combination as potential antibiotic treatment regimens by investigating the drug resistance and genetic profiles of commonly isolated GNB causing neonatal sepsis in LMICs.

Enhancing corrosion resistance of mild steel in hydrochloric acid with banana sap extract.

The corrosion of metals is still a huge challenge for various industries, and the pursuit of effective treatments ensures environmental sustainability. In this study, we utilized banana sap-water extract (BSWE) to prevent mild steel from electrochemical corrosion in a 0.1 M HCl at room temperature.

The role of T cell stimulated agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1-AA) in mediating multiorgan dysfunction in IL-17 induced hypertension during pregnancy.

Problem: Preeclampsia (PE), new-onset hypertension during pregnancy accompanied by organ dysfunction, is associated with chronic inflammation including elevated IL-17, CD4+ T cells, B cells and natural killer (NK) cells. IL-17 can serve as a signal for either the adaptive or innate immune activation. We have previously shown that IL-17 contributes to increased blood pressure in association with elevated TH17 cells, NK cells and B cells secreting angiotensin II type 1 receptor agonistic autoantibodies (AT1-AA) during pregnancy.

Sex-specific colonic mitochondrial dysfunction in the indomethacin-induced rat model of inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and encompasses Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Women appear to have more severe and recurring symptoms of IBD compared to men, most likely due to hormonal fluctuations. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in the development of inflammation and there is evidence of colon mitochondrial alterations in IBD models and patients.

Adsorption of N, He and Ne on CGe nanoribbons for sensing and optoelectronic applications.

Research into nanomaterials yields numerous exceptional applications in contemporary science and technology. The subject of this investigation is a one-dimensional nanostructure, six atoms wide, featuring hydrogen-functionalized edges. The theoretical foundation of this study relies on Density Functional Theory (DFT) and is executed through the utilization of the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP).

Role of prolactin in the protective effect of amisulpride against 1,2-Diacetylbenzene's neurotoxicity.

Exposure to organic solvents is associated with various health problems, including neurodegenerative diseases. Among these solvents, 1,2-diethylbenzene is notable for its ability to produce a toxic metabolite, 1,2-Diacetylbenzene (DAB), which can cause memory impairment. Prolactin (PRL) is theorized to protect the central nervous system.

Morphologic Evaluation of the Patella: The Impact of Gender and Age.

Introduction: The patellofemoral joint is a complex joint that plays a crucial role in knee joint function and stability. This study aims to describe the MRI characteristics of the patellofemoral joint in Vietnamese adults.

Subjects And Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 280 patients at Hue UMP Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021.

C, Ge-doped h-BN quantum dot for nano-optoelectronic applications.

Emerging materials, particularly nanomaterials, constitute an enduring focal point of scientific inquiry, with quantum dots being of particular interest. This investigation is centered on elucidating the exceptional structural, electromagnetic, and optical characteristics of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) quantum dots and h-BN quantum dots doped with carbon (C) and germanium (Ge). The employed methodology in this study hinges on density functional theory coupled with the Vienna Ab initio simulation package.

Folate depletion induces erythroid differentiation through perturbation of de novo purine synthesis.

Folate, an essential vitamin, is a one-carbon acceptor and donor in key metabolic reactions. Erythroid cells harbor a unique sensitivity to folate deprivation, as revealed by the primary pathological manifestation of nutritional folate deprivation: megaloblastic anemia. To study this metabolic sensitivity, we applied mild folate depletion to human and mouse erythroid cell lines and primary murine erythroid progenitors.

Computed Tomography Findings and Classification of Traumatic Lumbosacral Spine Injuries: Insights from the AOSpine Classification System.

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to provide a description and classification of lumbosacral spine injuries based on the new AOSpine classification system.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 patients with lumbosacral spine trauma who were admitted to Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in Hue, Vietnam, between April 2021 and July 2022. All patients underwent lumbosacral computed tomography, and each injured vertebra was classified according to the AOSpine classification system.

Development and characterization of NILK-2301, a novel CEACAM5xCD3 κλ bispecific antibody for immunotherapy of CEACAM5-expressing cancers.

Background: T-cell retargeting to eliminate CEACAM5-expressing cancer cells via CEACAM5xCD3 bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) showed limited clinical activity so far, mostly due to insufficient T-cell activation, dose-limiting toxicities, and formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA).

Methods: We present here the generation and preclinical development of NILK-2301, a BsAb composed of a common heavy chain and two different light chains, one kappa and one lambda, determining specificity (so-called κλ body format).

Results: NILK-2301 binds CD3ɛ on T-cells with its lambda light chain arm with an affinity of ≈100 nM, and the CEACAM5 A2 domain on tumor cells by its kappa light chain arm with an affinity of ≈5 nM.

Synthesis of a Grease Thickener from Cashew Nut Shell Liquor.

Thickener, also known as a gelling agent, is a critical component of lubricating greases. The most critical property of thickener, temperature resistance, is determined by the molecular structure of the compounds. Currently, all high-temperature-resistant thickeners are based on 12-hydroxystearic acid, which is exclusively produced from castor oil.

Increased platelet mitochondrial function correlates with clot strength in a rodent fracture model.

Background: Thromboelastographic measures of clot strength increase early after injury, portending higher risks for thromboembolic complications during recovery. Understanding the specific role of platelets is challenging because of a lack of clinically relevant measures of platelet function. Platelet mitochondrial respirometry may provide insight to global platelet function but has not yet been correlated with functional coagulation studies.

Electrical and optical properties of C, Ge-doped armchair silicene nanoribbons applied in optoelectronics.

With the continuous development of nanotechnology, the search for new material structures plays a crucial role. Silicene nanoribbons (SiNRs) are one-dimensional materials that hold promise for numerous potential applications in the future. The electric and optical properties of C, Ge-doped armchair SiNRs are investigated in this study using density functional theory.

Protective effect of Prolactin releasing peptide against 1,2-diacetylbenzene -induced neuroinflammation.

Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) has been investigated as a potential therapeutic for diabetes by the effect of food intake reduction, increasing leptin signaling, and insulin tolerance. Recent studies focused on its synaptogenesis and protective effects against neurodegeneration. Whereas 1,2-diacetylbenzene (DAB), a common metabolite of a neurotoxicant 1,2-diethyl benzene, causes memory impairment and neurotoxicity partly through the inflammatory process.

Challenges in the Implementation of the NeoOBS Study, a Global Pragmatic Observational Cohort Study, to Investigate the Aetiology and Management of Neonatal Sepsis in the Hospital Setting.

Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in low- and middle-income countries. To deliver high-quality data studies and inform future trials, it is crucial to understand the challenges encountered when managing global multi-centre research studies and to identify solutions that can feasibly be implemented in these settings. This paper provides an overview of the complexities faced by diverse research teams in different countries and regions, together with actions implemented to achieve pragmatic study management of a large multi-centre observational study of neonatal sepsis.