Bone turnover markers reference database in five Southeast Asian countries.

Osteoporosis is highly prevalent, particularly in developing countries. However, bone turnover marker reference ranges for management of osteoporosis in Asian population are yet to be explored and established. Thus, this study aims to develop a regional bone turnover markers (BTMs) reference database by combining country-specific reference database from five ASEAN countries: Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Production of an O-desmethylated product, a major human metabolite, of rabeprazole sulfide by bacterial P450 enzymes.

Rabeprazole is a common type of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to treat various peptic disorders. Unlike most PPI drugs, rabeprazole is spontaneously reduced to rabeprazole sulfide (thioether) when it is given to patients. As a result, rabeprazole sulfide is considered one of the active metabolites of rabeprazole.

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of tuberculous tenosynovitis of the hand and wrist.

: Vietnam is endemic with tuberculosis (TB), which is highly prevalent in the community. TB tenosynovitis of the wrist and hand is uncommon. Because of its insidious progression and atypical presentations, it is often difficult to diagnose, leading to treatment delays.

Malnutrition, Frailty, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Rural Older Adults in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Rural older adults are more likely to be malnourished than urban older adults, particularly those living in lower-middle-income countries like Vietnam. Therefore, this study aimed to address the prevalence of malnutrition and its association with frailty and health-related quality of life in older rural Vietnamese adults.

Participants And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) living in a rural province in Vietnam.

3-OH Phloretin Inhibits High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Obesity-Induced Inflammation by Reducing Macrophage Infiltration into White Adipose Tissue.

Phloretin and its glycoside phlorizin have been reported to prevent obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD), but the effect of 3-OH phloretin, a catechol metabolite of phloretin, has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of phloretin and 3-OH phloretin in HFD-fed mice. The body weight gain induced by HFD was more inhibited by administration of 3-OH phloretin than by phloretin.

Active pulmonary tuberculosis in a patient with secukinumab treatment.

Numerous investigations have documented active tuberculosis (TB) infection following biologic treatment. One of the most secure biologic medications for infections is secukinumab. Additionally, no cases of active TB while receiving secukinumab therapy were recorded.

Effects of sperm preparation techniques on sperm survivability and DNA fragmentation.

Objective: This study was performed to determine the effect of swim-up (SU) and density gradient centrifugation (DGC) on sperm survival and DNA fragmentation.

Methods: Individual semen samples were analyzed before each was divided into two aliquots (half for SU and half for DGC) for calculation of sperm survival and the DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Sperm DNA fragmentation was determined using the sperm chromatin dispersion test.

A Novel Statin Compound from Monacolin J Produced Using CYP102A1-Catalyzed Regioselective C-Hydroxylation.

Statins inhibit the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Statin therapy reduces morbidity and mortality in those who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Monacolin J is a statin compound, which is an intermediate in the lovastatin biosynthesis pathway, in the fungus .

Enzymatic Production of 3-OH Phlorizin, a Possible Bioactive Polyphenol from Apples, by CYP102A1 via Regioselective Hydroxylation.

Phlorizin is the most abundant glucoside of phloretin from the apple tree and its products. Phlorizin and its aglycone phloretin are currently considered health-beneficial polyphenols from apples useful in treating hyperglycemia and obesity. Recently, we showed that phloretin could be regioselectively hydroxylated to make 3-OH phloretin by CYP102A1 and human P450 enzymes.

Assessment of myocardial performance index in late-onset fetal growth restriction.

The aim of this study is to determine whether the myocardial performance index (MPI) is increased in fetal growth restriction (FGR) fetuses and if increased MPI is related to adverse outcomes of FGR. This is a prospective cross-sectional study. Seventy-three late-onset FGR fetuses and 97 gestational-age matched control fetuses were enrolled in this study.

Should Scrotal Color Doppler Ultrasound Be Routinely Indicated in Fertility Evaluation of Non-Azoospermic Men?

Objective: Scrotal ultrasound is not a routine investigation in the clinical approach to male infertility analysis. This study aims to identify the role of testicular Doppler ultrasound in male infertility assessment and its relation to semen parameters in non-azoospermic men.

Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive analysis of 558 men from infertile couples were examined at the Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hue University Hospital from June 2016 to May 2018.

Exergy Analysis of Advanced Adsorption Cooling Cycles.

This study conducted an exergy analysis of advanced adsorption cooling cycles. The possible exergy losses were divided into internal losses and external losses, and the exergy losses of each process in three advanced cycles: a mass recovery cycle, heat recovery cycle and combined heat and mass recovery cycle were calculated. A transient two-dimensional numerical model was used to solve the heat and mass transfer kinetics.

Regioselective Hydroxylation of Phloretin, a Bioactive Compound from Apples, by Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes.

Phloretin, the major polyphenol compound in apples and apple products, is interesting because it shows beneficial effects on human health. It is mainly found as a form of glucoside, phlorizin. However, the metabolic pathway of phloretin in humans has not been reported.

Hepatitis B Birth Dose among Children in District 2 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Prevalence and Associated Factors.

Background: A birth dose of the hepatitis B vaccine will prevent most perinatally acquired infections and offers early protection from horizontal transmission. This article assessed the prevalence of the hepatitis B birth dose and associated factors among children in the District 2 Hospital.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study between June and December 2017 recruited parents/caregivers of children aged 12-59 months who were randomly selected at the vaccination department in the District 2 Hospital.

Validation of the Vietnamese Translation Version of the Female Sexual Function Index in Infertile Patients.

Introduction: The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is regarded as a self-administered screening questionnaire for assessing the presence of any type of sexual dysfunction.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Vietnamese translation version of the Female Sexual Function Index (VN-FSFI) in a sample of infertile Vietnamese women.

Methods: An existing Vietnamese translated-FSFI version was used as a first-step approach to back-translate into English.

Does sperm DNA fragmentation correlate with semen parameters?

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between sperm quality assessed by routine semen analysis and sperm DNA integrity assay.

Methods: In our cross-sectional study, a total of 318 men from the infertile couples were enrolled from December 2017 to March 2019 at the Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Vietnam. General characteristics and semen parameters were detected.

Defining polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype in Vietnamese women.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the unique phenotype of the Vietnamese polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) population.

Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional descriptive study, a total of 901 reproductive-age women were recruited at three medical centers in Vietnam from June 2016 to May 2018. Group I included 479 patients with PCOS (Rotterdam 2003 consensus) and Group II included 422 non-PCOS women, consisted of women with regular menstrual cycle, collected at the same time of PCOS recruitment, without ovarian disease or ovarian failure.

GnRH Agonist versus hCG Trigger in Ovulation Induction with Intrauterine Insemination: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study is aimed at comparing clinical pregnancy rates (CPRs) in patients who are administered either gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for ovulation trigger in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles. A prospective randomized comparative study was conducted at Hue University Hospital in Vietnam. A total of 197 infertile women were randomly assigned to receive either GnRHa trigger ( = 98 cycles) or hCG trigger ( = 99 cycles) for ovulation trigger.

Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa by vitrification versus conventional rapid freezing: Effects on motility, viability, morphology and cellular defects.

Objectives: Sperm cryopreservation has great potential for male infertility treatment as used in assisted reproduction technology (ART). There are a variety of cryopreservation methods in order to preserve sperm in a long term. Although conventional freezing and vitrification now are used widely, they have damage on sperm parameters as well as sperm DNA integrity.

Exploration of the role of anti-Mullerian hormone and LH/FSH ratio in diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: This study explores the role of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and LH/FSH ratio in diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: In this multicentre cross-sectional descriptive study, a total of 863 infertile women between 18 and 45 years were evaluated at three infertility centres in Vietnam and were recruited from June 2016 to June 2017. The patients were classified into two groups: Group I included 441 patients with PCOS (based on Rotterdam criteria consensus) and Group II included 422 non-PCOS women.

Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance Syndrome among Infertile Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study from Central Vietnam.

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies among reproductive-age women. Its metabolic features often overlap with those associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance syndrome (IRS). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of MS and IRS in infertile Vietnamese women with PCOS.

Thinning and drilling laser-assisted hatching in thawed embryo transfer: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: In frozen and thawed embryos, the zona pellucida (ZP) can be damaged due to hardening. Laser-assisted hatching (LAH) of embryos can increase the pregnancy rate. This study compared thinning and drilling of the ZP before frozen embryo transfer (FET).

Community-based prevalence versus hospital-based incidence of genital Human Papillomavirus infection in Central Vietnam.

Introduction: This study aims to determine the genital HPV prevalence in reproductive-age women in Thua Thien Hue Province and comparison with HPV incidence in Hue University Hospital, Vietnam.

Methodology: Cross-sectional study on 1,034 women of reproductive age from 11 communes/wards of three districts representing three different geographic areas of Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam. The hospital-based group included 102 women with cervicitis and/or abnormal Pap smear result coming to Hue University Hospital.

Host Transcription Profile in Nasal Epithelium and Whole Blood of Hospitalized Children Under 2 Years of Age With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Background: Most insights into the cascade of immune events after acute respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection have been obtained from animal experiments or in vitro models.

Methods: In this study, we investigated host gene expression profiles in nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and whole blood samples during natural RSV and rhinovirus (hRV) infection (acute versus early recovery phase) in 83 hospitalized patients <2 years old with lower respiratory tract infections.

Results: Respiratory syncytial virus infection induced strong and persistent innate immune responses including interferon signaling and pathways related to chemokine/cytokine signaling in both compartments.