Prevalence of and factors related to microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tianjin, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Since chronic hyperglycemia-related damage to small blood vessels results in complications, patients with longer durations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are more likely to develop microvascular complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy, which are very harmful to the health of humans. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of diabetes-related microvascular complications and to explore their risk factors in patients with T2DM in Tianjin, China.

Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at 8 hospitals in urban and suburban regions of Tianjin, China.

Synergistic intrafibrillar/extrafibrillar mineralization of collagen scaffolds based on a biomimetic strategy to promote the regeneration of bone defects.

The mineralization of collagen scaffolds can improve their mechanical properties and biocompatibility, thereby providing an appropriate microenvironment for bone regeneration. The primary purpose of the present study is to fabricate a synergistically intra- and extrafibrillar mineralized collagen scaffold, which has many advantages in terms of biocompatibility, biomechanical properties, and further osteogenic potential. In this study, mineralized collagen scaffolds were fabricated using a traditional mineralization method (ie, immersed in simulated body fluid) as a control group and using a biomimetic method based on the polymer-induced liquid precursor process as an experimental group.