Prevalence of dementia in Singapore: Changes across a decade.

Introduction: The study aimed to assess changes in the prevalence of dementia in Singapore over the past decade.

Methods: The Well-being of the Singapore Elderly (WiSE) 2023 and the WiSE 2013 studies were comprehensive, single-phase, cross-sectional surveys conducted among older adults aged ≥60 years in Singapore. WiSE 2023 included 2010 older adults and 1798 informants, whereas WiSE 2013 comprised 2565 older adults and 2421 informants.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolin-1()-one Derivatives as Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Through catalyzing the transfer of methyl groups onto the guanidinium of arginine, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) was essential to the cell growth of cancer cells. By utilizing a scaffold hopping strategy, a novel series of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1()-one derivatives were designed and synthesized. Through a systematic SAR study, demonstrated excellent PRMT5 inhibitory activity, potent antiproliferative activity against Z-138, favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and low hERG toxicity.

Kinase-Bench: Comprehensive Benchmarking Tools and Guidance for Achieving Selectivity in Kinase Drug Discovery.

Developing selective kinase inhibitors remains a formidable challenge in drug discovery because of the highly conserved structural information on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding sites across the kinase family. Tailoring docking protocols to identify promising kinase inhibitor candidates for optimization has long been a substantial obstacle to drug discovery. Therefore, we introduced "Kinase-Bench," a pioneering benchmark suite designed for an advanced virtual screen, to improve the selectivity and efficacy of kinase inhibitors.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activities Evaluation of Type I FLT3 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

The abnormal overexpression of FLT3 kinase is intimately associated with pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), positioning FLT3 inhibitors as pivotal therapeutic agents. Despite the availability of three FDA-approved FLT3 inhibitors, their clinical utility is hampered by resistance stemming from tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations. Through an integrative analysis of case studies, we identified a potential advantage of type I FLT3 inhibitors in overcoming TKD mutation-induced resistance.

Discovery of 1-(Phenylsulfonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Derivative as Orally Bioavailable and Safe RORγt Inverse Agonists for Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) is a key regulator of Th17 cells, associated with autoimmune diseases, making it a significant drug target. Herein, we designed and synthesized 1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives, improving upon GSK2981278 to enhance bioavailability. Of which, exhibited superior bioavailability (F = 48.

Recurrent Hospitalizations for Fluid Overload in Diabetes with Kidney Failure Treated with Dialysis.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in Singapore. ESKD patients have high disease burden and are at increased risk of recurrent hospitalizations, including fluid overload. This study aimed to characterize the risk factors associated with readmissions for fluid overload that will identify high-risk hospitalizations for interventions to reduce readmissions.

Effectiveness and sustainability of a multidisciplinary care model for patients with hemodialysis access dysfunction.

Background: A multidisciplinary care model involving the interventional radiologist, vascular surgeon, interventional nephrologist, renal advanced nurse practitioner, and renal coordinators was implemented to improve the care for the patient admitted with dysfunctional hemodialysis access. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and sustainability of this multidisciplinary care model.

Method: A dedicated interventional nephrology suite was established to perform endovascular procedures for patients admitted with hemodialysis access dysfunction via the emergency department of the hospital.

A modified transactional model of stress and coping on depressive symptoms among informal caregivers of persons with dementia.

Informal caregivers are crucial to the care of persons with dementia (PWD), but their role is often reported as challenging. This study aims to examine caregiver stress and depressive symptoms among informal caregivers of PWD using a modified transactional stress and coping model. Path analysis was conducted among a sample of informal caregivers of PWD in Singapore (n = 281) using information on functional dependence and memory and behavioral problems of PWD, and self-reported measurements on caregivers' knowledge of dementia, perceived positive aspects of caregiving, social support, coping patterns, caregiving self-efficacy, caregiving burden and depressive symptoms.

Magnetic Hydrogel Microbots for Efficient Pollutant Decontamination and Self-Catalyzed Regeneration in Continuous Flow Systems.

The efficient removal of organic pollutants from water is crucial for protecting human health and the ecosystem. While adsorbent-based approaches offer advantages over traditional chemical and thermal methods, they still suffer from slow adsorption kinetics, high energy demand, and limited material lifespan. Herein, an efficient decontamination platform is introduced, using magnetic hydrogel microbots (MHMs) made from picolitre-sized hydrogel droplets coated with multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles.

The effectiveness of group music reminiscence therapy for people thriving with dementia: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Dementia is characterized by a progressive decline in cognition, behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD), and quality of life (QoL). The lack of curative therapies has led to a psychosocial discourse prioritizing QoL of people thriving with dementia (PTD). Group reminiscence therapy (RT) is a relatively inexpensive intervention, with music prompts being a preferred choice, owing to robust musical memory in the early disease stage.

Facilitators and barriers of help-seeking for persons with dementia in Asia-findings from a qualitative study of informal caregivers.

Background And Aim: The deterioration in cognition of persons with dementia (PWD) makes their caregivers key players in their help-seeking process. This study aimed to identify the facilitators and barriers of help-seeking for persons with dementia in Asia from the perspective of their informal caregivers.

Methods: A qualitative methodology was adopted in the current study.

Evaluating a mobile-based intervention to promote the mental health of informal dementia caregivers in Singapore: Study protocol for a pilot two-armed randomised controlled trial.

Background: Informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) often suffer adverse impacts on their mental health and require interventions for effective support. As they are often occupied with providing care, web-based interventions could be more convenient and efficient for them. However, there is currently a dearth of evidence-based mobile interventions to enhance the mental well-being of dementia caregivers locally, especially ones that are user-centered and culturally relevant.

Testing of arctic insect hemolymph as a secondary agent in applied cryopreservation.

Background: Cold hardiness of insects from extremely cold regions is based on a principle of natural cryoprotection, which is associated with physiological mechanisms provided by cryoprotectants.

Objective: Since arctic cold-hardy insects are producers of highly effective cryoprotectants, in this study, the hemolymph of Aporia crataegi L. and Upis ceramboides L.

Effective Interfacing of Surface Homojunctions on Chemically Identical g-CN for Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalysis without Sacrificial Agents.

Developing efficient homojunctions on g-CN promises metal-free photocatalysis to realize truly sustainable artificial photosynthesis. However, current designs are limited by hindered charge separation due to inevitable grain boundaries and random formation of ineffective homojunctions embedded within the photocatalyst. Here, efficient photocatalysis is driven by introducing effective surface homojunctions on chemically and structurally identical g-CN through leveraging its size-dependent electronic properties.

Unraveling the Promise of RET Inhibitors in Precision Cancer Therapy by Targeting RET Mutations.

Over the past decades, the role of rearranged during transfection (RET) alterations in tumorigenesis has been firmly established. RET kinase inhibition is an essential therapeutic target in patients with RET-altered cancers. In clinical practice, initial efficacy can be achieved in patients through the utilization of multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) with RET inhibitory activity.

Cardiac Rhabdomyomas Presenting with Critical Cardiac Obstruction in Neonates and Infants: Treatment Strategies and Outcome, A Single-Center Experience.

Cardiac rhabdomyomas are the most common benign pediatric heart tumor in infancy, which are commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Most rhabdomyomas are asymptomatic and spontaneously regress over time. However, some cases especially in neonates or small infants can present with hemodynamic instability.

Hospital Readmissions for Fluid Overload among Individuals with Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease: Risk Factors and Multivariable Prediction Models.

Aims: Hospital readmissions due to recurrent fluid overload in diabetes and diabetic kidney disease can be avoided with evidence-based interventions. We aimed to identify at-risk patients who can benefit from these interventions by developing risk prediction models for readmissions for fluid overload in people living with diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of 1,531 adults with diabetes and diabetic kidney disease hospitalized for fluid overload, congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, and generalized edema between 2015 and 2017.

Discovery of RORγ Allosteric Fluorescent Probes and Their Application: Fluorescence Polarization, Screening, and Bioimaging.

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γ (RORγ) acts as a crucial transcription factor in Th17 cells and is involved in diverse autoimmune disorders. RORγ allosteric inhibitors have gained significant research focus as a novel strategy to inhibit RORγ transcriptional activity. Leveraging the high affinity and selectivity of RORγ allosteric inhibitor (), this study presents the design, synthesis, and characterization of 11 allosteric fluorescent probes.