Anti-inflammatory and antishock water-soluble polyesters of glucocorticoids with low level systemic toxicity.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological activity of glucocorticoid hormones incorporated into the structure of water-soluble carbochain polymers via the esterified 21-CH2OH group.

Methods: Polymer analogs of glucocorticoids were prepared by radical copolymerization of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with cortisol or dexamethasone 21-crotonates and crotonic acid or 2-(diethylamino) ethylcrontonate which served as ionogenic comonomers. Anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and catabolic activities for ionogenic tertiary copolymers and previously prepared non-ionogenic binary copolymers were evaluated in standard animal models.

[The current concepts of the humoral mechanisms of the analgetic and antipyretic actions of acupuncture (a review of the literature)].

Needling triggers adaptive mechanisms, this feature determining a broad range of effects directed towards correction of disturbances in the homeostatic systems of the body. At present peripheral and central levels of response to needling are recognized. In a review of the published literature mechanisms are discussed of analgetic and antipyretic effects of acupuncture based on the latest findings in the field of neurochemistry.

Effect of naloxone on the antipyretic action of acupuncture.

The effect of the opioid antagonist naloxone on the antipyretic action of acupuncture was studied in rabbits. Naloxone (0.1-0.

[Evaluation of the antipyretic action of psychotropic drugs and their effect on the antipyretic effect of acupuncture therapy].

The effect of psychotropic agents on antipyretic effect of acupuncture was studied in rabbits with experimental fever. Haloperidol in the dosage 0.5 mg/kg and benactyzine in the dosage 0.

[Febrifugal activity of acupuncture and its strengthening by the effects of anaprilin].

The power and duration of antipyretic actions of acupuncture under single or repeated stimulation of Shaoshang (Lu-11) and Shangyang (LI-1) acupoints were studied in rabbits. Under conditions of preliminary i. v.

[The problem of fever and its elimination in children].

This is the brief review of literary data about mechanism of development and means of removal the fever, in the main order to render the first symptomatic aid for children. Special attention paid to combinations of drugs with acupuncture. Elucidation of mechanisms of realisation antipyretic effects of acupuncture and interactions of drugs and acupuncture is the most actual problems for research.

[The influence of aminazine on the antipyretic effect of acupuncture in animals].

Acupuncture increased the hypothermic effect of aminazin in rabbits with a fever induced by pyrogenal (i.v. administration, 2 micrograms/kg).

[Effect of glucocorticoids on the formation of methemoglobin in rats].

Experiments on rats showed that treatment of rat with hydrocortisone, dexamethasone and diplacin for 14 days increases the content of methemoglobin in blood. In vitro experiments revealed that dexamethasone in a concentration of 10(-6) M increased the amount of methemoglobin in the whole blood and did not change its amount in hemolysate. The data obtained show the participation of erythrocyte membranes in methemoglobin-forming effect of the studied substances.

[Effect of glucocorticoids on the fractional composition and derivatives of hemoglobin in rats].

Experiments on rats have shown that administration of hydrocortisone in a dose of 10 mg/kg, prednisolone in a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg) and triamcinolone (2 mg/kg) over 14 days result in the decreased number of fractions, in the redistribution of the drug content by fractions, and in the rise of the methemoglobin content.

[Effect of hydrocortisone and cholinolytics on the resistance of rat erythrocytes to hypoosmotic hemolysis].

It was shown in experiments in vitro that hydrocortisone, gangleron and benzohexonium at a concentration of 10(-6) M increase the resistance of rat red cells to hypoosmotic hemolysis. Diplacin, d-tubocurarin, methamysil and methacin at the same concentration produce no effect on the resistance. Repeated injections of hydrocortisone to rats decrease the osmotic resistance of red cells, while diplacin and d-tubocurarin increase it.

[Effect of hydrocortisone on the growth of white rats at different ages].

Studies have been made of the effect of hydrocortisone on the rate of the increase in the body mass and on the rate of linear growth of rats in different age periods. Retardation of physical development of animals is most significant in all the three weanling periods and in a pre-pubertal one. After abolition of hydrocortisone in all the three weanling periods and in a pre-pubertal one.

[Effect of kynurenines on the actions of acetylcholine, oxotremorine, and nicotine].

Kynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic, anthranilic and nicotinic acids at concentrations 10(-4) and 10(-5) M potentiated contractions of the isolated rat rectum produced by acetylcholine. Contractile response of the phrenico-diaphragmatic preparation of young rats to acetylcholine was diminished by kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine and by quinolinic acid. In rats of both sexes, 3-hydroxyanthranilic, anthranilic, picolinic and nicotinic acids in doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg shortened the latency of oxotremorine tremor.

[Prevention of the unwanted action of hydrocortisone on the growth and development of rat pups with cholinolytic preparations].

Experiments on young rats have shown that diplacin and d-tubocurarine in doses amounting to 1/15-1/20 of LD50 lower the ability of hydrocortisone to interfere with the physical development of the animals. Metamisyl, metacin, gangleron and benzohexonium have no such properties. In adult rats and guinea-pigs, diplacin exerts no effect on the intensity of anti-inflammatory and antiallergic action of the hormonal drug, while d-tubocurarine diminishes the anti-inflammatory effect of the corticosteroid in experimental formalin-induced paw edema and weakens its effect on the immediate type hypersensitivity.

[Effect of choline chloride and calcium pantothenate on neuromuscular pathology caused by the administration of triamcinolone].

On isolated phrenico-diaphragmal preparations of 17-days old and adult rats it is shown that introduction of triamcinolon (for 3 days in amounts of 1.4 mg/kg) results in disruption of the neuro-muscular transmission, manifesting itself in a less intensive reaction to exogenous acetylcholine and alpha-tubocurarine. Administration of choline chloride and calcium pantothenate following that of triamcinolon does away with these effects of the glucocorticoid.