Mosquito population dynamics is shaped by the interaction among larval density, season, and land use.

Understanding how variation in key abiotic and biotic factors interact at spatial scales relevant for mosquito fitness and population dynamics is crucial for predicting current and future mosquito distributions and abundances, and the transmission potential for human pathogens. However, studies investigating the effects of environmental variation on mosquito traits have investigated environmental factors in isolation or in laboratory experiments that examine constant environmental conditions that often do not occur in the field. To address these limitations, we conducted a semi-field experiment in Athens, Georgia using the invasive Asian tiger mosquito ().

Constructing causal loop diagrams from large interview data sets.

"Tackling the Root Causes Upstream of Unhealth Urban Development" is a trans-disciplinary research project seeking to map and understand urban development decision-making, visualise stakeholder mental models and codevelop improvement interventions. The project's primary data was gathered through 123 semistructured interviews. This article applies, compares, and discusses four variations on a method for constructing causal loop diagrams to illuminate mental models and collective decision-making, based on manual and semiautomated processes applied to individual interview transcripts and datasets collected by thematic analysis.

Impact of a pharmacist-run weight loss medication management service.

Background: Weight loss medications have been shown to be effective for weight loss and reducing disease state risk in patients who are overweight or obese. However, it is unknown what impact pharmacists have on weight loss when providing medication management services.

Objective: To evaluate weight loss outcomes and clinic utilization of a pharmacist-run weight loss pharmacotherapy service at the VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (TVHS) in Nashville, TN.

Land cover affects microclimate and temperature suitability for arbovirus transmission in an urban landscape.

The emergence of mosquito-transmitted viruses poses a global threat to human health. Combining mechanistic epidemiological models based on temperature-trait relationships with climatological data is a powerful technique for environmental risk assessment. However, a limitation of this approach is that the local microclimates experienced by mosquitoes can differ substantially from macroclimate measurements, particularly in heterogeneous urban environments.

Stressor-related disorders in tuberous sclerosis.

Background: Patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity, including mood and anxiety disorders. The aim of this study is to identify patients with stressor-related disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or adjustment disorder (AD) and to describe their clinical picture in the setting of TSC.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical charts of TSC patients referred for a stressor-related disorder to a TSC psychiatric clinic.

Klüver-Bucy syndrome after unilateral frontotemporal resection in a child with tuberous sclerosis.

Klüver-Bucy syndrome (KBS) is a behavioral phenotype that appears most often after bilateral temporal damage. The main features of KBS are compulsion to examine objects orally, increased sexual activity, placidity, hypermetamorphosis (irresistible impulse to notice and react to everything within sight), visual agnosia, and problems with memory. It is more rarely reported in children than in adults.

Self-injurious behavior and tuberous sclerosis complex: frequency and possible associations in a population of 257 patients.

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) has been observed in people with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), although the frequency of SIB in TSC is largely unknown. SIB is associated with intellectual and developmental disabilities, but there is no single cause of SIB. We retrospectively examined the frequency of SIB in a population of 257 patients with TSC and determined possible associations with SIB.

Psychiatric comorbid conditions in a clinic population of 241 patients with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Psychiatric symptoms were retrospectively assessed in a clinic population of 241 children and adults with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Sixty-six (27%) patients had a history of mood disorder symptoms, 66 (27%) had a history of anxiety disorder symptoms, 73 (30%) had a history of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and 68 (28%) had a history of aggressive/disruptive behavior disorder symptoms. Significant relationships were found between these symptoms and patient age, gender, genetic mutation, seizure history, surgical history, cognitive impairment, features of autism or pervasive developmental disorder, and neurological manifestations of TSC.

Use of ultrasonography in the patient with acute abdominal trauma.

The purpose of this study was to assess the use of ultrasonography in patients with acute abdominal trauma. Five hundred prospective patients, who came to the Emergency Department with acute trauma, were evaluated with ultrasonography and included in this study. The ultrasonographic examination focused on detection of free fluid but included evaluation of parenchymal organs for injury.

Phase III clinical trial comparing iodixanol and iohexol in cerebral angiography.

Rationale And Objectives: We report on our early clinical experience in the United States with the nonionic dimeric (6:1 ratio) contrast medium iodixanol in cerebral angiography. Iodixanol has an osmolality less than half that of monomeric, nonionic contrast media such as iohexol at equivalent iodine concentrations and is isosmotic to blood.

Methods: Forty-nine adult patients undergoing elective cerebral angiography were studied in a phase III, double-blind, randomized, parallel-design clinical trial comparing the safety and diagnostic efficacy of iodixanol at 320 mg I/ml (IOD-320) and iohexol 300 mg I/ml (IOH-300).

Working wives and housewives: do they differ in mental status and social adjustment?

Matched groups of working wives and housewives drawn from a community sample did not differ on current and past psychiatric symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and social functioning. They did differ markedly on enjoyment in and satisfaction from their work. The working women derived considerably more satisfaction from their outside jobs than either they or the housewives did from their work in the home.

The frequency and persistence of depressive symptoms in the alcohol abuser.

A survey of 61 outpatients admitted to a mental health center for the treatment of alcoholism determined that a majority of them (59 per cent) were clinically depressed. The depressive symptoms were rarely treated with anti-depressant agents and, at 1-year follow-up, were found to persist even though the patients had attended the standard treatment program for alcoholics. There is need for new treatment strategies that recognize the diagnostic heterogeneity of the alcoholic and that consider the use of appropriate psychopharmacological agents.

Work role and depression in women: a comparison of workers and housewives in treatment.

Comparison of a patient population of depressed housewives with a matched group of depressed working women revealed some significant differences in social functioning in relation to work roles. The psychological benefits of outside employment have been widely discussed in relation to middle-class and upper-class women; this study indicates that, for women of lower socio-economic status, work may also have a protective psychological effect.

Comparison of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with sulfamethoxazole in urinary tract infections of children.

The effect of trimethorpim-sulfamethoxazole was compared with that of sulfamethoxazole alone in 26 children with urinary tract infection, randomly assigned according to a double-blind procedure to two equally sized groups. TMX-SMX was found to be superior in rendering the urine culture negative for the 3 months after the start of treatment. Also, over 12-month follow-up period there were fewer recurrences in the patients who received TMP-SMX but here the difference between the two groups did not reach statistical significance.