Comparison of intra-assay and inter-assay reproducibility and positive detection times of two different (BacT/Alert 3D and Autobio BC) commercial blood culture systems.

Purpose: In our study, we aimed to compare the performance of the BacT/Alert 3D (bioMerieux, France) system, which is currently used in our laboratory, and the Autobio BC (Autobio, China) system, which was newly introduced in our country, using standard and clinical isolates.

Methods: Bacterial suspension was prepared by two technicians on the same day and three consecutive days from five different standard strains with 0.5 McFarland turbidity, then serial dilution to a final concentration was adjusted and was simultaneously inoculated in aerobic blood culture bottles.

Prevalence of carbapenemases in Enterobacterales from urine specimens in an university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey.

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of carbapenemases in Enterobacterales strains isolated from urine specimens between July 2019 and July 2020.CIM and modified CIM tests were applied as well as detection of blaOXA-48, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaKPC and blaIMP genes was performed by multiplex PCR.One hundred fifty of 3,242 Enterobacterales strains were found to be carbapenem resistant and 46 were included in the study.

Evaluation of Broth Disk Elution Method to Determine Colistin Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli Strains.

Background: The reference broth microdilution (rBMD) method for the determination of colistin resistance is very laborious and time consuming, and many manual errors can occur. There are also limitations in detection of colistin heteroresistance. Therefore, alternative methods with satisfactory performance are required for routine laboratory work.

Performance of the Rapidec®Carba NP assay for the detection of different carbapenemases in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli strains.

Purpose: The spread of infections caused by Enterobacterales strains resistant to carbapenems is a global public health problem, and early detection of carbapenemases is very important to prevent their spread. The rapid detection of carbapenemase production with the new commercial assay Rapidec® Carba NP test is based on the biochemical detection of imipenem hydrolysis. Our study aims to evaluate the performance of the Rapidec® Carba NP test in OXA-48 positive isolates highly prevalent in our country and also in isolates with more than one carbapenemase gene that have an increased prevalence and to examine whether it can be used for confirmation of carbapenemase positivity in the routine laboratory.

Detection of colistin resistance among multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Turkey.

In this study investigation of plasmid-mediated mcr 1-5 resistance genes was performed among multidrug-resistant (MDR) colistin sensitive and resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli strains isolated in our laboratory. We aimed to evaluate automated system (Vitek-2), broth microdilution (BMD) reference method and chromogenic media performance. Totally 94 MDR K.

The role of typical and atypical pathogens in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: The exact role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations remains to be elucidated. This study was conducted to identify nonspecific and atypical pathogens associated with acute exacerbations of COPD.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2013 and February 2015, 107 patients were analyzed.

In Vitro Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity of Oil on Some of the Most Commonly Isolated Bacteria in Otitis Media and Externa.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of (NS) seed oil against the most frequently isolated infectious bacteria of the middle and external ear.

Materials And Methods: The in vitro antibacterial activity of NS oil was evaluated against 34 clinical isolates of , 32 clinical isolates of , 32 clinical isolates of , and 32 clinical isolates of . , , and were also evaluated for their sensitivity to the NS oil.

Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal Carriage in Young Healthy Children After Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Turkey.

Aims: To determine the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children aged 0-6 years who were vaccinated with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 healthy Turkish children between 1 month and 6 years of age. Serotyping was performed and risk factors of carriage were evaluated.

OXA-type Carbapenemases and Susceptibility of Colistin and Tigecycline Among Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates from Patients with Bacteremia in Turkey.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has emerged as one of the most troublesome pathogens in healthcare settings worldwide. The present study was conducted to analyze the genes encoding resistance to carbapenems and to determine in vitro activity of colistin and tigecycline against CRAB isolates from blood culture of hospitalized patients at Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School hospital.

Methods: Between January 2012 and June 2014, a total of 72 CRAB isolates were isolated by conventional methods from blood cultures of patients with bacteremia who were hospitalized in intensive care units and in various departments of the hospital.

Phenotypes and genotypes of macrolide-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae.

Background: Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a worldwide problem.

Aims: The aim of this work was to analyze the phenotypes, genotypes, and clonal relatedness among macrolide-resistant S.

[Antibiotic susceptibility rates and beta-lactam resistance mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains].

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a well-known cause of severe and potentially life-threatening infections including bacteremia, skin and wound infections, pulmonary disease, especially among individuals with cycstic fibrosis, nosocomial urinary tract infections, endocarditis and meningitis. The mechanism of resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactams in P.aeruginosa are overexpression of cephalosporinases and/or class A, B and D beta-lactamases.

Effect of nasal mometasone furoate on the nasal and nasopharyngeal flora.

Objective: Mometasone furoate (MF) is one of the commonly used topical steroids, particularly for patients with allergic rhinitis. However, its effect on the colonization of bacteria that may cause superinfections by suppressing the local immunity is not known. Thus, we investigated the effect of MF use on the nasal and nasopharyngeal microbial flora.

Oropharyngeal flora changes after tonsillectomy.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of tonsillectomy on oropharyngeal flora in children who underwent tonsillectomy for chronic recurrent tonsillitis.

Study Design And Setting: A prospective study was performed comprising patients with chronic recurrent tonsillitis who underwent tonsillectomy at the Department of Otolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Medical School. Incisional core biopsies of excised tonsils were also performed.

Comparison of in vitro activities of tigecycline with other antimicrobial agents against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in two university hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: We compared the in vitro activities of tigecycline with those of other agents against 97 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 140 Haemophilus influenzae and 54 Moraxella catarrhalis strains isolated in two large university hospitals in Istanbul.

Methods: For analysis, the agar dilution method was used.

Results: For S.

The influence of glucose added urine on the in vitro antimicrobial activity of various antibiotics.

Background & Objective: Factors associated with the medium, including calcium and magnesium ion concentration and pH have been shown to affect the results of susceptibility testing but very little is known about glycosuria and the effect of glucose on the antimicrobial effect of antibiotics. In this study we assessed the influence of glucose added urine on the in vitro activities of various antibiotics by the microbroth dilution method.

Methods: Sixteen Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary infections were used in this study.

Dissemination of CTX-M-15 beta-lactamase genes carried on Inc FI and FII plasmids among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in a university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey.

The CTX-M-1 group was found in 86.8% of the Escherichia coli isolates from Istanbul. A subset study revealed all isolates carrying bla(CTX-M-15) genes flanked by the insertion element ISEcp1.

Implant-related infection model in rat spine.

Objective: The rate of postoperative infections is approximately 1% in spine surgery. However, when metal implants are used, postoperative infection rates significantly increase and were reported between 2.1 and 8.

[Detection of CTX-M-15 type extended spectrum beta-lactamase in an Escherichia coli strain isolated from the urine sample of a hospitalized patient].

In this study, a CTX-M type extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzyme has been detected in a multiresistant Escherichia coli strain which was isolated from the urine sample of a hospitalized patient. Minimum inhibitor concentrations (MIC) of the tested antibiotics were determined by the agar dilution technique according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, formerly NCCLS) guidelines. The isolate was found to be sensitive to imipinem, moderately susceptible to chloramphenicol and resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole.

Susceptibilities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Ureaplasma urealyticum isolates from male patients with urethritis to several antibiotics including telithromycin.

Background: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, gemifloxacin and moxifloxacin against 78 Neisseria gonorrhoeae and 31 Ureaplasma urealyticum strains, which were isolated from patients with urethritis in Istanbul, were determined and compared. Additionally, the activities of penicillin and ceftriaxone against N. gonorrhoeae strains were explored.

The influence of urine on the in vitro antimicrobial activity of various antibiotics against different Escherichia coli phenotypes.

Background: The influence of urine on the in vitro activities of various antibiotics used in the therapy of urinary tract infections was assessed by the microbroth dilution method in this study.

Methods: Thirty Escherichia coli strains were used: 10 E. coli strains susceptible to ampicillin, 10 strains resistant to ampicillin and ampicillin+sulbactam and ten extended spectrum beta-lactamase producer strains.

In vitro activity of telithromycin compared with macrolides and fluoroquinolones against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis.

The in vitro activity of telithromycin was compared with erythromycin A, azithromycin, clarithromycin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, ampicillin, cefuroxime and ceftriaxone against 336 consecutive strains (83 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 168 Haemophilus influenzae and 85 Moraxella catarrhalis) isolated from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Telithromycin (MIC(90), 0.008 mg/l) was the most active drug against S.

Use of INNO-LIPA assay for rapid identification of mycobacteria.

Using 106 clinical isolates of mycobacteria, we showed that INNO-LIPA Mycobacteria assay is an excellent tool to rapidly identify the most frequently isolated nontuberculous mycobacteria, in one procedure. It may be used as an additional technique to AccuProbe assay, which remains the fastest and the cheapest tool for a rapid and accurate identification of the M. tuberculosis complex.

Moxifloxacin activity against clinical isolates compared with the activity of ciprofloxacin.

The activity of moxifloxacin, a new 8-methoxyquinolone, was compared in vitro with the activity of ciprofloxacin against clinical strains isolated from various sites of infection. The mode MIC values of moxifloxacin were superior to those of ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter spp.

Ralstonia pickettii traced in blood culture bottles.

Over a 9-month period, 14 strains of Ralstonia pickettii were isolated from various biological samples inoculated in a blood culture medium. Molecular epidemiological investigation confirmed the relatedness of the strains. The source of the contamination proved to be the blood culture bottle caps.