"Man vs. Machine: 3D Milling of Auricular Frameworks".

Objective: Autologous rib harvest with manual framework production is the current gold standard for microtia reconstruction. Recent clinical success with implantation of cadaveric costal cartilage grafts opens the possibility of point of care auricular framework production. This paper assesses the feasibility and efficiency of 3D milling of cadaveric costal cartilage for auricular framework production.

Anterior Versus Posterior Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty in Femoral Neck Fractures.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare complication rates and clinical outcomes at 1 year or until death based on the surgical approach for total hip replacement in femoral neck fractures.

Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 101 patients with displaced femoral neck fractures at our institution between 2005 and 2022. All surgeries were performed by fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons via either a posterior Kocher-Langenbeck approach, an abductor sparing anterolateral approach, or a direct anterior approach.

Perioperative Outcomes of Intramedullary Nail vs Hemiarthroplasty vs Total Hip Arthroplasty for Intertrochanteric Fracture: An Analysis of 31,519 Cases.

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare 30-day perioperative outcomes following treatment of intertrochanteric (IT) fractures with intramedullary nail (IMN), total hip arthroplasty (THA), or hemiarthroplasty (HA).

Methods: Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients who had sustained an IT fracture treated with primary IMN, THA, or HA between 2017 and 2020. International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes S72.

Robotic assistance improves success of cementless component fixation in one total knee arthroplasty system.

Introduction: New cementless implant designs in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have begun to shift the longstanding practice of cemented fixation. With aseptic loosening a leading cause for revision of cementless implants, initial osteointegration is critical for component survivorship. Robotic-assisted TKA (RA-TKA) has shown promising results in recent literature at improving component accuracy.

Formyl peptide receptor 2 regulates dendritic cell metabolism and Th17 cell differentiation during neuroinflammation.

Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is a receptor for formylated peptides and specific pro-resolving mediators, and is involved in various inflammatory processes. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of FPR2 in dendritic cell (DC) function and autoimmunity-related central nervous system (CNS) inflammation by using the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. EAE induction was accompanied by increased mRNA expression in the spinal cord.

Soft tissue laxity is highly variable in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Background: One major goal of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to achieve balanced medial and lateral gaps in flexion and extension. While bone resections are planned by the surgeon, soft tissue laxity is largely intrinsic and patient-specific in the absence of additional soft tissue releases. We sought to determine the variability in soft tissue laxity in patients undergoing TKA.

Incidence of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Dysfunction After Total Hip Arthroplasty Through the Anterior-Based Muscle-Sparing Surgical Approach.

Background: The anterior-based muscle-sparing (ABMS) approach, using the intramuscular interval between the tensor fascia lata and gluteus medius, is an increasingly popular total hip arthroplasty (THA) approach. Its incidence of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) numbness has not been defined. The incidence of LFCN symptoms in direct anterior THA ranges from 7%-32% at 1-year follow-up.

Midterm results for revision total knee arthroplasty for component malrotation.

Introduction: Accurate positioning of components in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is essential to a satisfactory outcome. Significant malrotation may lead to chronic pain, stiffness, and dysfunction. This study aims to quantify improvements in functional outcomes following revision surgery for malrotation of either one or both components in TKA versus revision for aseptic loosening.

2-Octyl-Cyanoacrylate Mesh Dressings for Total Joint Arthroplasty: Dressing Design Influences Risks of Wound Complications.

Background: Recent liquid adhesive skin closure systems with a mesh patch and a 2-octyl cyanoacrylate liquid formula have shown promising results in total joint arthroplasty. Chemical accelerators are typically included to promote the rapid polymerization of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate. The goal of the study is to distinguish designs and wound complication differences between 2 similar systems.

ABIN1 is a negative regulator of effector functions in cytotoxic T cells.

T cells are pivotal in the adaptive immune defense, necessitating a delicate balance between robust response against infections and self-tolerance. Their activation involves intricate cross-talk among signaling pathways triggered by the T-cell antigen receptors (TCR) and co-stimulatory or inhibitory receptors. The molecular regulation of these complex signaling networks is still incompletely understood.

Genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation: a systematic review of application for perioperative pain control in total knee arthroplasty and as treatment for chronic pain in well-appearing total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis, yet some patients still experience postoperative pain. Genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (GNRFA) has become a potential modality to address pain in TKA. This systematic review aims to critically analyze the applicability of GNRFA in perioperative pain control prior to TKA, as well as a treatment modality for chronic painful well-appearing TKA.

Aseptic Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty Through an Anterior Approach: Survivorship and Risk Factors for Re-Revision.

Background: The utilization of anterior-based approaches for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is increasing. Literature on the outcomes of revision THA (rTHA) through an anterior approach, however, is sparse. This study reports the survivorship and risk factors for re-revision in patients undergoing aseptic rTHA through an anterior approach.

Scheduling and Vendor Consistency Improves Turnover Time Efficiency in Total Joint Arthroplasty.

Background: Maximizing operative room (OR) efficiency is important for hospital efficiency, patient care, and positive surgeon and staff morale. Reducing turnover time (TOT) has become a popular focus to improve OR efficiency. The present study evaluated if TOT is influenced by changing case type, implant vendor, and/or laterality.

Outcomes of Image-Free Robotic Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients Who Have Valgus Knee Deformities.

Background: Valgus knee deformities pose a unique challenge in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due to the complexity of achieving ligamentous balance and satisfactory alignment compared to varus or neutral deformities. Robotic-assisted (RA) TKA could aid in achieving improved component alignment and balance.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a matched cohort of patients to compare image-free RA-TKA (n = 44) versus conventional manual (CM) TKA (n = 30) techniques in patients who have valgus deformity of 5 to 15 degrees, including radiographic and patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) over a 3-year period.

Use of The Risk Assessment and Prediction Tool to Predict Same-day Discharge After Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasty.

Introduction: The Risk Assessment and Prediction Tool (RAPT) is a preoperative screening tool developed to predict discharge disposition after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but its predictive value for same-day discharge (SDD) has not been investigated. The aims of this study were (1) to assess RAPT's ability to predict SDD after primary THA and TKA and (2) to determine a cutoff RAPT score that may recognize patients appropriate for SDD.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from patients undergoing primary THA and TKA at a single tertiary care center between February 2020 and May 2021.

Patient-reported outcomes measurement information system instruments in knee arthroplasty patients: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature pertaining to Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) validation and utilization as an outcomes metric in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients. This is the first systematic review on PROMIS use in total knee arthroplasty patients.

Methods: A systematic search of the Pubmed/MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Collateral Ligament Tension and Balance Alone Does Not Ensure Improved Outcome After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: It is hypothesized that suboptimal soft tissue and collateral ligament balance is a cause of patient dissatisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This analysis examined the association between compartment pressures during TKA and patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs).

Methods: This single-institution, retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected compartment pressure data measured during TKA comprised 145 patients who underwent surgery between 2015 and 2021 and completed 1-year follow-up PROMs.

Anterior-Based Muscle-Sparing (ABMS) Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Unlabelled: The anterior-based muscle-sparing (ABMS) technique for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has gained popularity in recent years because of its proposed advantages in terms of postoperative pain and periprosthetic dislocation risk.

Description: The procedure is performed with the patient in the supine position. A minimally invasive Watson-Jones approach is utilized to access the hip.

Dynamic, High-Fidelity, 3-Dimensional Pelvic Model Improves Education on Pelvic Organ Prolapse and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System and Interest in Urogynecology.

Importance: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects millions of women globally. Still, medical students and obstetrics and gynecology residents gain minimal exposure to POP during training.

Objectives: Our goal was to increase exposure to POP by creating a high-fidelity, dynamic, 3-dimensional pelvic model of prolapse and using it to teach through didactic learning sessions.

Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: Current Concepts Review.

»: Bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) is an effective surgical treatment for bilateral knee arthritis and can be performed as a simultaneous surgery under a single anesthetic setting or as staged surgeries on separate days.

»: Appropriate patient selection is important for simultaneous BTKA with several factors coming into consideration such as age, comorbidities, work status, and home support, among others.

»: While simultaneous BTKA is safe when performed on appropriately selected patients, current evidence suggests that the risk of complications after simultaneous BTKA remains higher than for staged BTKA.

The current utilization of the patient-reported outcome measurement information system (PROMIS) in isolated or combined total knee arthroplasty populations.

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are essential for clinical research and patient-centric care because they allow us to capture patient perspectives on their health condition. In knee arthroplasty, PROMs are frequently used to assess the risks and benefits of new interventions, surgical approaches, and other management strategies. A few examples of PROMs used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) include the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) (collectively referred to as "legacy" PROMs).

Homologous point transformer for multi-modality prostate image registration.

Registration is the process of transforming images so they are aligned in the same coordinate space. In the medical field, image registration is often used to align multi-modal or multi-parametric images of the same organ. A uniquely challenging subset of medical image registration is cross-modality registration-the task of aligning images captured with different scanning methodologies.