Microgravity triggers ferroptosis and accelerates senescence in the MG-63 cell model of osteoblastic cells.

In space, cells sustain strong modifications of their mechanical environment. Mechanosensitive molecules at the cell membrane regulate mechanotransduction pathways that induce adaptive responses through the regulation of gene expression, post-translational modifications, protein interactions or intracellular trafficking, among others. In the current study, human osteoblastic cells were cultured on the ISS in microgravity and at 1 g in a centrifuge, as onboard controls.

Oral supplementation with fish cartilage hydrolysate accelerates joint function recovery in rat model of traumatic knee osteoarthritis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral fish cartilage hydrolysate (FCH) on symptoms and joint tissue structure in rat developing osteoarthritis induced surgically. Osteoarthritis was induced in the right knee of mature male Lewis rats ( = 12/group) by surgical transection of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACLT) combined with partial medial meniscectomy (pMMx). Two weeks after surgery, rats were treated orally with either control (sterile HO) or FCH for four weeks.

REG-O3 chimeric peptide combining growth hormone and somatostatin sequences improves joint function and prevents cartilage degradation in rat model of traumatic knee osteoarthritis.

Objective: REG-O3 is a 24-aminoacid chimeric peptide combining a sequence derived from growth hormone (GH) and an analog of somatostatin (SST), molecules displaying cartilage repair and anti-inflammatory properties, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) potential of REG-O3 by analyzing its effect on pain, joint function and structure, upon injection into osteoarthritic rat knee joint.

Design: Osteoarthritis was induced in the right knee of mature male Lewis rats (n = 12/group) by surgical transection of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACLT) combined with partial medial meniscectomy (pMMx).

Skin physiology in microgravity: a 3-month stay aboard ISS induces dermal atrophy and affects cutaneous muscle and hair follicles cycling in mice.

Aims: The Mice Drawer System (MDS) Tissue Sharing program was the longest rodent space mission ever performed. It provided 20 research teams with organs and tissues collected from mice having spent 3 months on the International Space Station (ISS). Our participation to this experiment aimed at investigating the impact of such prolonged exposure to extreme space conditions on mouse skin physiology.

Rac1 GTPase silencing counteracts microgravity-induced effects on osteoblastic cells.

Bone cells exposed to real microgravity display alterations of their cytoskeleton and focal adhesions, two major mechanosensitive structures. These structures are controlled by small GTPases of the Ras homology (Rho) family. We investigated the effects of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 modulation of osteoblastic cells under microgravity conditions.

Effects of mild cold shock (25°C) followed by warming up at 37°C on the cellular stress response.

Temperature variations in cells, tissues and organs may occur in a number of circumstances. We report here that reducing temperature of cells in culture to 25°C for 5 days followed by a rewarming to 37°C affects cell biology and induces a cellular stress response. Cell proliferation was almost arrested during mild hypothermia and not restored upon returning to 37°C.

Deletion of a cyclic AMP receptor protein homologue diminishes germination and affects morphological development of Streptomyces coelicolor.

Open reading frame SCO3571 of Streptomyces coelicolor encodes a protein of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein (CRP) superfamily of regulatory proteins. A mutant revealed a dramatic defect in germination, followed by growth delay and earlier sporulation. This phenotype correlates with those of an adenylate cyclase (cya) mutant that cannot synthesize cAMP.