Ethical considerations in the UK-Nepal nurse recruitment: Nepali nurses' perspectives.

Background: The global migration of nurses from resource-constrained to affluent nations raises complex ethical concerns, often rooted in historical power imbalances and neocolonial legacies. The Nepal-UK Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on nurse recruitment, while presented as a solution to workforce shortages, exemplifies this complex dynamic, prompting critical questions about its implications for individual nurses and the healthcare systems involved.

Aim: This qualitative study explored the ethical complexities and dilemmas associated with the Nepal-UK nurse recruitment Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).

A generation at risk: the unseen consequences of Nepal's nursing shortage on undergraduate nursing students clinical education.

Background: The global nursing shortage has particularly severe consequences in resource-constrained countries like Nepal, where a significant outflow of healthcare professionals exacerbates the crisis. While the impact on patient care, workforce dynamics, and organizational challenges within healthcare settings have been extensively researched, the profound implications of this crisis for nursing education remain underexplored. This qualitative study sheds light on the often-unseen consequences of the nursing shortage on undergraduate nursing students' clinical education.

Assessment of genetic diversity, inbreeding, and collection completeness of Jersey bulls in the US National Animal Germplasm Program.

Genomic selection and extensive use of a few elite bulls through artificial insemination are leading to reduced genetic diversity in Jersey cattle. Conservation of genetic diversity through gene banks can protect a breed's genetic diversity and genetic gain, ensuring continued genetic advancement in the future. The availability of genomic information in the US National Animal Germplasm Program (NAGP) facilitates characterization of Jersey bulls in the germplasm collection.

Association Between Hospital Type and Resilience During COVID-19 Caseload Stress : A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Imbalances between hospital caseload and care resources that strained U.S. hospitals during the pandemic have persisted after the pandemic amid ongoing staff shortages.

First-principles investigation of oxidized Si- and Ge-terminated diamond (100) surfaces.

Diamond is a semiconductor material with remarkable structural, thermal, and electronic properties that has garnered significant interest in the field of electronics. Although hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) terminations are conventionally favored in transistor designs, alternative options, such as silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge), are being explored because of their resilience to harsh processing conditions during fabrication. Density-functional theory was used to examine the non-oxidized and oxidized group-IV (Si and Ge)-terminated diamond (100) surfaces.

A Pilot Detection and Associate Study of Gene Presence-Absence Variation in Holstein Cattle.

Presence-absence variations (PAVs) are important structural variations, wherein a genomic segment containing one or more genes is present in some individuals but absent in others. While PAVs have been extensively studied in plants, research in cattle remains limited. This study identified PAVs in 173 Holstein bulls using whole-genome sequencing data and assessed their associations with 46 economically important traits.

Carbapenem use in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales infections in US hospitals and influence of IDSA guidance: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Disparate and rapidly changing practice recommendations from major professional infectious diseases societies for managing non-severe infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales might hamper carbapenem stewardship. We aimed to understand the real-world management of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ECR) Enterobacterales infections in US hospitals and factors influencing preference for carbapenems over alternative treatments.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adults (aged ≥18 years) admitted to hospital with ECR Enterobacterales infections in the PINC AI database.

Assessing Clinician Utilization of Next-Generation Antibiotics Against Resistant Gram-Negative Infections in U.S. Hospitals : A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The U.S. antibiotic market failure has threatened future innovation and supply.

An uncommon cause of sub-acute intestinal obstruction in young adult: Wilkie's syndrome.

Abstract: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome, also known as Wilkie's syndrome, is a rare disease presenting as an acute abdomen. It has a clinical presentation similar to intestinal obstruction and is often missed during diagnosis. Reduced weight leading to loss of fat pad between SMA and aorta is the main pathophysiology.

Measures and Impact of Caseload Surge During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: COVID-19 pandemic surges strained hospitals globally. We performed a systematic review to examine measures of pandemic caseload surge and its impact on mortality of hospitalized patients.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science.

Internalized stigma related to COVID-19 and its psychosocial and mental health correlates: a multicentric health facility based observational study from Nepal.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to physical and psychological complications and social consequences in the form of illness-related stigma. This study aimed (1) to assess the sociodemographic and clinical variable, as well as COVID-19 related knowledge and perception of persons admitted for COVID-19/Suspected COVID-19 in Nepal, (2) to determine their levels of COVID-19- related internalized stigma, depression, and anxiety symptoms, and (3) to evaluate the correlates of COVID-19- related internalized stigma.

Materials And Methods: It was a cross-sectional exploratory study with a convenience sample of 395 participants (306 confirmed cases, 89 suspected cases) conducted between July-October 2020 in four health facilities in Madhesh and Lumbini provinces of Nepal.

Periodontal Lesions among Maxillary Sinus Mucosal Thickening Visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Maxillary sinus due to its proximity to posterior maxillary teeth could be affected by their pathology. Since cone beam computed tomography is the go-to for 3-D imaging in dental set-up. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of periodontal lesions among maxillary sinus mucosal thickening visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of a tertiary care centre.

New mutation within a common haplotype is associated with calf muscle weakness in Holsteins.

A recessive haplotype resulting in elevated calf mortality but with apparent incomplete penetrance was previously linked to the end of chromosome 16 (78.7-80.7 Mbp).

Mental health-related structural stigma and discrimination in health and social policies in Nepal: A scoping review and synthesis.

Aims: National policies can be used to reveal structural stigma and discrimination in relation to mental health. This review assesses how structural stigma and discrimination are manifested in the policies and legislations of Government of Nepal.

Methods: Scoping review methodology was followed to review policy documents (acts of parliament, legislation, policies, strategies, guidelines and official directives) drafted or amended after 2010.

Carbon Capture: Theoretical Guidelines for Activated Carbon-Based CO Adsorption Material Evaluation.

Activated carbon (AC)-based materials have shown promising performance in carbon capture, offering low cost and sustainable sourcing from abundant natural resources. Despite ACs growing as a new class of materials, theoretical guidelines for evaluating their viability in carbon capture are a crucial research gap. We address this gap by developing a hierarchical guideline, based on fundamental gas-solid interaction strength, that underpins the success and scalability of AC-based materials.

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities, and Metabolite Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants of Nepal.

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antiarthritic, and anti-inflammatory properties of extracts from the leaves of twelve different medicinal plants in Nepal. We then evaluated the total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents of the extract using in-vitro assays and characterized it using GC-MS analysis. Results revealed that most of the leaf extracts contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins.

Observation of momentum-dependent charge density wave gap in a layered antiferromagnet [Formula: see text].

Charge density wave (CDW) ordering has been an important topic of study for a long time owing to its connection with other exotic phases such as superconductivity and magnetism. The [Formula: see text] (R = rare-earth elements) family of materials provides a fertile ground to study the dynamics of CDW in van der Waals layered materials, and the presence of magnetism in these materials allows to explore the interplay among CDW and long range magnetic ordering. Here, we have carried out a high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) study of a CDW material [Formula: see text], which is antiferromagnetic below [Formula: see text], along with thermodynamic, electrical transport, magnetic, and Raman measurements.

Electronic structure in a transition metal dipnictide TaAs.

The family of transition-metal dipnictides has been of theoretical and experimental interest because this family hosts topological states and extremely large magnetoresistance (MR). Recently,TaAs2, a member of this family, has been predicted to support a topological crystalline insulating state. Here, by using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we reveal both closed and open pockets in the metallic Fermi surface (FS) and linearly dispersive bands on the (2‾01) surface, along with the presence of extreme MR observed from magneto-transport measurements.

Distribution of MecA and Erm Genes among Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus with Inducible Resistance to Clindamycin.

Background: The emergence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its ability to confer cross-resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B has complicated the treatment against it. Gene-based studies among phenotypic methicillin-resistant isolates with inducible resistance to clindamycin are less available in Nepal. This work was undertaken to detect the mecA and erm genes among such phenotypes isolated from clinical samples.