An Anionic Mesoionic Carbene (anMIC) and its Transformation to Metallo MIC-Boranes: Synthesis and Properties.

Neutral mesoionic carbenes (MICs) based on a 1,2,3-triazole core have had a strong impact on various branches of chemistry such as homogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photochemistry/photophysics. We present here the first general synthesis of anionic mesoionic carbenes (anMICs) based on a 1,2,3-triazole core and a borate backbone. The free anMIC is stable in solution under an inert atmosphere at low temperatures, and can be stored for several weeks.

Studying factual versus social cues as triggers of change in food behaviour.

Numerous public initiatives aim to influence individual food choices by informing about what is considered 'healthy', 'climate-friendly', and generally 'sustainable' food. However, research suggests that rather than public authorities, social influence is more likely to affect people's behaviour. Using a randomised controlled trial, this study investigated if and how the two kinds of influences (factual versus social) could affect the real-life, self-reported intake of plant- and animal-based foods.

Trajectories of Coping With Persistent Smell and Taste Dysfunction After a Covid-19 Infection-A Qualitative Interview Study.

Aim: To explore trajectories of understanding and managing persistent chemosensory dysfunction after COVID-19 in patients undergoing clinical treatment.

Design: A descriptive qualitative interview study with a realist approach.

Method: Data were collected in Sweden, from August 2022 to March 2023 through semi-structured interviews with 30 patients undergoing treatment for long-lasting smell and taste dysfunction resulting from COVID-19.

Sensing Sociality: Disruptions of Social Life When Living With Chemosensory Dysfunctions After COVID-19.

Taste and smell are of direct importance in most social interactions. Radical disruptions in these senses can, therefore, substantially disrupt sociality. This paper focuses on the experiences of a particular type of disruption: persistent chemosensory dysfunctions after COVID-19.

The impact of eating alone on food intake and everyday eating routines: A cross-sectional study of community-living 70- to 75-year-olds in Sweden.

Background: Eating is fundamental not only to survival and health, but also to how humans organise their social lives. Eating together with others is often seen as the healthy ideal, while eating alone is highlighted as a risk factor for negative health outcomes, especially among older adults. This paper, therefore, investigates the relationship between the frequency and subjective experience of eating alone and food-related outcomes among 70- to 75-year-olds in Sweden.

"A balancing act": parents' longitudinal perspectives of weight-related discussions with their children following obesity treatment.

Weight-related discussions during childhood may have long-lasting effects on children's body image and well-being. However, little is known about how parents frame these discussions with children who have undergone treatment for obesity. Our study aimed to explore how parents perceive weight-related discussions, several years after their children started obesity treatment.

Changes in the Morphology and Antioxidant Status of European Red Deer Sperm Stored in the Epididymides and in a Liquid State.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the motility, morphology, and antioxidant status of European red deer sperm stored in a liquid state (variant I) and in the epididymides (variant II). Spermatozoa were harvested post-mortem from the cauda epididymis. Sperm samples in both variants were stored for up to six days (D6) at 5 °C.

Diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Aims: To evaluate relationships between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods: Six databases were searched for studies published between January 2007 and October 2021. Eligible studies included cohort studies that assessed the relationship between a priori diet quality and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in adults.

A comparison of the biological properties of European red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) spermatozoa stored in the epididymides and in a liquid state at 5 °C.

The biological properties of European red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) spermatozoa stored in the epididymides and in a liquid state were compared. Spermatozoa were collected from the epididymides harvested post-mortem. In the first variant, spermatozoa were diluted in two extenders (Bovidyl® and Salomon's), and were stored at 5 °C for up to 144 h.

Spin Crossover and Fluorine-Specific Interactions in Metal Complexes of Terpyridines with Polyfluorocarbon Tails.

In coordination chemistry and materials science, terpyridine ligands are of great interest, due to their ability to form stable complexes with a broad range of transition metal ions. We report three terpyridine ligands containing different perfluorocarbon (PFC) tails on the backbone and the corresponding Fe and Co complexes. The Co complexes display spin crossover close to ambient temperature, and the nature of this spin transition is influenced by the length of the PFC tail on the ligand backbone.

Food-related experiences and behavioral responses among people affected by chemosensory dysfunctions following COVID-19: A scoping review.

A category of symptoms that became characteristic early in the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was chemosensory dysfunctions (alterations of smell and taste). Such symptoms substantially affect food and eating-cornerstones for both nutrition-related health outcomes and for quality of life. Based on this, this scoping review aimed to map out existing scientific literature on food-related experiences and related behavioral responses among people affected by chemosensory dysfunctions following COVID-19.

Perceptions and experiences of eating alone among community-living retired Swedes: Loss, routine and independence.

The practice of eating together, commensality, is often considered as something positive in later life, particularly regarding peoples' nutritional status and psychosocial well-being. Eating alone, in contrast, is treated as a risk factor, although literature indicates that it is not necessarily something negative. Still, analyses that specifically target older peoples' varied experiences and notions of eating alone are scarce.

Spin State in Homoleptic Iron(II) Terpyridine Complexes Influences Mixed Valency and Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

Two homoleptic Fe(II) complexes in different spin states bearing superbasic terpyridine derivatives as ligands are investigated to determine the relationship between spin state and electrochemical/spectroscopic behavior. Antiferromagnetic coupling between a ligand-centered radical and the high-spin metal center leads to an anodic shift of the first reduction potential and results in a species that shows mixed valency with a moderately intense intervalence-charge-transfer band. The differences afforded by the different spin states extend to the electrochemical reactivity of the complexes: while the low-spin species is a precatalyst for electrocatalytic CO reduction and leads to the preferential formation of CO with a Faradaic efficiency of 37%, the high-spin species only catalyzes proton reduction at a modest Faradaic efficiency of approximately 20%.

The Quality and Fertilizing Potential of Red Deer ( L.) Epididymal Spermatozoa Stored in a Liquid State.

The aim of this study was to assess the quality and fertilizing potential of red deer epididymal spermatozoa stored in a liquid state for up to 11 days (D11). In Experiment 1, sperm quality was determined. In Experiment 2, the efficiency of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and artificial insemination (AI) of stored sperm were evaluated.

The Effect of Different Extenders on the Quality Characteristics of European Red Deer Epididymal Sperm Stored at 5 °C.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different extenders on the quality of European red deer epididymal sperm stored at 5 °C. Epididymal spermatozoa were collected post mortem from 10 stags and diluted with three extenders (Bovidyl®, BoviFree®, and BioXcell®) and stored at 5 °C. Sperm motility (TMOT), motility parameters (system CASA), plasma membrane integrity (SYBR-14+/PI−), acrosomal membrane integrity (FITC-PNA−/PI−), mitochondrial activity (JC-1/PI), viability, and apoptotic-like changes (YOPRO/PI) were evaluated.

Remarkable Enhancement of Catalytic Activity of Cu-Complexes in the Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction by Using Triply Fused Porphyrin.

A bimetallic triply fused copper(II) porphyrin complex (1) was prepared, comprising two monomeric porphyrin units linked through β-β, meso-meso, β'-β' triple covalent linkages and exhibiting remarkable catalytic activity for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction in comparison to the analogous monomeric copper(II) porphyrin complex (2). Electrochemical investigations in the presence of a proton source (trifluoroacetic acid) confirmed that the catalytic activity of the fused metalloporphyrin occurred at a significantly lower overpotential (≈320 mV) compared to the non-fused monomer. Controlled potential electrolysis combined with kinetic analysis of catalysts 1 and 2 confirmed production of hydrogen, with 96 and 71 % faradaic efficiencies and turnover numbers of 102 and 18, respectively, with an observed rate constant of around 10  s for the dicopper complex.

Fluorinated click-derived tripodal ligands drive spin crossover in both iron(II) and cobalt(II) complexes.

Control of the spin state of metal complexes is important because it leads to a precise control over the physical properties and the chemical reactivity of the metal complexes. Currently, controlling the spin state in metal complexes is challenging because a precise control of the properties of the secondary coordination sphere is often difficult. It has been shown that non-covalent interactions in the secondary coordination sphere of transition metal complexes can enable spin state control.

Children's experiences of meals after obesity treatment: a qualitative follow-up four years after a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The practice of eating together, commensality, is rarely explored in the context of childhood obesity treatment. This is noteworthy given long-standing debates about the physical, psychosocial, and societal benefits of meals, especially family meals. Moreover, as children with obesity experience weight bias and stigma both within and outside the home, it is important to examine meals as a locus of social exchange around food and the body.

A mesoionic carbene complex of manganese in five oxidation states.

Reaction between a carbazole-based mesoionic carbene ligand and manganese(II) iodide results in the formation of a rare air-stable manganese(IV) complex after aerobic workup. Cyclic voltammetry reveals the complex to be stable in five oxidation states. The electronic structure of all five oxidation states is elucidated chemically, spectroscopically (NMR, high-frequency EPR, UV-Vis, MCD), magnetically, and computationally (DFT, CASSCF).

Mesoionic Imines (MIIs): Strong Donors and Versatile Ligands for Transition Metals and Main Group Substrates.

We report the synthesis and the reactivity of 1,2,3-triazolin-5-imine type mesoionic imines (MIIs). The MIIs are accessible by a base-mediated cycloaddition between a substituted acetonitrile and an aromatic azide, methylation by established routes and subsequent deprotonation. C=O-stretching frequencies in MII-CO and -Rh(CO) Cl complexes were used to determine the overall donor strength.

How Do Interpersonal Relationships Affect Children's Weight Management? A Qualitative Analysis of Parents' Long-Term Perceptions after Obesity Treatment.

Childhood obesity interventions are particularly effective during the preschool age, but little is known about parents' long-term perceptions of weight management. This study explores how parents perceive the influence of interpersonal relationships on their children's eating and physical activity 4 years after participating in a randomized controlled trial. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory frames this study, with the child's environment conceptualized as interlocking microsystems that affect weight management.

Twisted Push-Pull Alkenes Bearing Geminal Cyclicdiamino and Difluoroaryl Substituents.

The systematic combination of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) with fluoroarenes resulted in twisted push-pull alkenes. These alkenes carry electron-donating cyclicdiamino substituents and two electron-withdrawing fluoroaryl substituents in the geminal positions. The synthetic method can be extended to a variety of substituted push-pull alkenes by varying the NHO as well as the fluoroarenes.

Nitric Oxide Reacts Very Fast with Hydrogen Sulfide, Alcohols, and Thiols to Produce HNO: Revised Rate Constants.

The chemical reactivity of NO and its role in several biological processes seem well established. Despite this, the chemical reduction of NO toward HNO has been historically discarded, mainly because of the negative reduction potential of NO. However, this value and its implications are nowadays under revision.

What Is Commensality? A Critical Discussion of an Expanding Research Field.

Commensality (the act of eating together) is studied in a range of disciplines and often considered important for social communion, order, health and well-being, while simultaneously being understood as in decline (especially the family meal). However, such claims are also contested in various ways. In this paper, we discuss the expanding field of commensality research and critically reflect on the debates surrounding its social functions, including its role in public health.

Eating Alone or Together among Community-Living Older People-A Scoping Review.

Research on healthy aging commonly concerns problems related to loneliness and food intake. These are not independent aspects of health since eating, beyond its biological necessity, is a central part of social life. This scoping review aimed to map scientific articles on eating alone or together among community-living older people, and to identify relevant research gaps.