Visual and Orthoptic Development After DSAEK for CHED in Children Younger than 8 years: Case Series and Literature Review.

Purpose: Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) impairs the sensitive phase of visual development. We examined results of Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) for CHED regarding the critical period for amblyogenic factors.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 11 eyes of 6 consecutive patients with CHED younger than 8 years treated with DSAEK and a PubMed-based literature search on management and optimal timing of the intervention.

[Thrombosis of the superior ophthalmic vein-A case series and review of the literature].

Background: Thrombosis of the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) is rare. It can present with heterogeneous symptoms and requires a careful diagnostic work-up.

Methods: This article reports on a case series of three female patients with thrombosis of the SOV and performed an extensive review of the existing literature in PubMed.

[Differential diagnosis of vertical strabismus in the elderly].

Due to the demographic changes, the number of older patients in ophthalmological practices and clinics, including those with diplopia, is increasing. Some of the patients report not only horizontally shifted double images but also or only vertically shifted double images. Vertical double vision often causes significant diagnostic problems for ophthalmologists.

Exploring promising minor natural phenolic compounds in neuroprotection-related preclinical models.

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are characterised by the progressive loss of specific neuronal cell populations due to multifactorial factors, including neurochemical and immunological disturbances. Consequently, patients can develop cognitive, motor and behavioural dysfunctions, which lead to impairments in their quality of life. Over the years, studies have reported on the neuroprotective properties inherent in phenolic compounds.

Influence of open-source virtual-reality based gaze training on navigation performance in Retinitis pigmentosa patients in a crossover randomized controlled trial.

Methods: A group of RP patients (n = 8, aged 20-60) participated in a study consisting of two 4-week-phases, both carried out by the same patient group in randomized order: In the 'training phase', participants carried out a Virtual-Reality gaze training for 30 minutes per day; In the 'control phase', no training occurred. Before and after each phase, participants were tasked to move through a randomized real-world obstacle course. Navigation performance in the obstacle course as well as eye-tracking data during the trials were evaluated.

[Methods, applications, and future perspectives of intraoperative tissue identification].

Over the last century, there has been a steady development of new technologies for intraoperative tissue identification and differentiation. The applications are varied, with the core purpose being to identify target structures while preserving adjacent tissue and thereby follow a general paradigm of minimally invasive medicine. Particularly in oncology, a further asset of these technologies is the identification or classification of neoplastic tissue to support and improve therapy, for example, in breast cancer surgery.

Visual complaints in pregnancy: (pre)eclampsia as a chameleon.

Objective: The visual system often is affected in patients with preeclampsia and even more in cases of eclampsia, a life-threatening pregnancy complication. Symptoms include blurred vision and deterioration of visual acuity. Pregnancy can also affect pre-existing conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy.

Hybrid argon plasma coagulation (HybridAPC) versus sharp excision for the treatment of endometriosis: a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Endometriosis is a benign, but potentially serious gynaecological condition in terms of abdominal pain and impaired fertility. Laparoscopic excision techniques are considered the therapeutic standard. HybridAPC is presented as a novel technique for the non-contact thermal ablation of peritoneal endometriosis with simultaneous protection of the underlying thermosensitive structures by creating a needle-free elevated fluid cushion which enables a safer exposure and distance, as well as potentially improved peritoneal conditioning prior to APC.

The Unfolding Space Glove: A Wearable Spatio-Visual to Haptic Sensory Substitution Device for Blind People.

This paper documents the design, implementation and evaluation of the Unfolding Space Glove-an open source sensory substitution device. It transmits the relative position and distance of nearby objects as vibratory stimuli to the back of the hand and thus enables blind people to haptically explore the depth of their surrounding space, assisting with navigation tasks such as object recognition and wayfinding. The prototype requires no external hardware, is highly portable, operates in all lighting conditions, and provides continuous and immediate feedback-all while being visually unobtrusive.

[Diagnostics, clinical aspects and genetics of congenital corneal opacities].

Background: Congenital corneal opacities are comparatively rare diseases with high amblyogenic potential.

Purpose: The present work provides an overview of the diagnostics, clinical aspects and genetics of congenital corneal opacities.

Methods: A literature search was carried out to compile an overview and illustration with own clinical case examples.

Prism adaptation test before strabismus surgery in patients with decompensated esophoria and decompensated microesotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Prism adaptation test (PAT) on the angle of squint in decompensated esophoria (decEPH) and decompensated microesotropia (decMET).

Methods: In this single-center retrospective study we reviewed the medical records of patients with the diagnosis of decEPH or decMET, aged at least 12 years, who were treated by strabismus surgery for the first time. The maximum Angle of squint (AOS) for far (F) and near (N) fixation and PAT results before surgery, as well as AOS (F) and AOS (N) after surgery and results of binocular function tests were considered.

Age-related survival after alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

Aims: Since its introduction, alcohol septal ablation (PTSMA) was discussed as treatment option only in elderly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). We report on long-term follow-up after PTSMA with respect to patient's age.

Methods And Results: Between May 2000 and June 2017, we treated 952 consecutive HOCM patients with PTSMA; 133 (14.

Characterization of the Key Odorants Causing the Musty and Fusty/Muddy Sediment Off-Flavors in Olive Oils.

Microbial spoilage of olive fruits is among the most frequent reasons for two types of off-flavors in olive oils, assigned as musty and fusty/muddy sediment. To characterize both off-flavors on a molecular level by means of the sensomics approach, the key aroma compounds in a premium extra virgin olive oil (1) eliciting the typical sensory properties were compared to those identified in two off-flavor olive oils obtained from the International Olive Council (IOC). A comparative aroma extract dilution analysis (cAEDA) followed by identification experiments revealed 53 odorants in the musty reference olive oil (1) and 48 odorants in the fusty/muddy sediment one (1).

Fluid cushion protects against thermal damage during argon plasma coagulation.

Background: Thermal damage to the muscle layer during mucosal application of argon plasma coagulation (APC) may be avoided by creating a fluid cushion within the submucosal layer, but the minimum injection volume needed or the ideal injection fluid are yet to be established. We conducted a systematic study with this aim.

Methods: All experiments were performed in an porcine gastrointestinal tract model.

Biallelic mutations in L-dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) cause infantile nystagmus and oculocutaneous albinism.

Infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) denominates early-onset, involuntary oscillatory eye movements with different etiologies. Nystagmus is also one of the symptoms in oculocutaneus albinism (OCA), a heterogeneous disease mainly caused by defects in melanin synthesis or melanosome biogenesis. Dopachrome tautomerase (DCT, also called TYRP2) together with tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosin-related protein 1 (TYRP1) is one of the key enzymes in melanin synthesis.

Influence of Systematic Gaze Patterns in Navigation and Search Tasks with Simulated Retinitis Pigmentosa.

People living with a degenerative retinal disease such as retinitis pigmentosa are oftentimes faced with difficulties navigating in crowded places and avoiding obstacles due to their severely limited field of view. The study aimed to assess the potential of different patterns of eye movement (scanning patterns) to (i) increase the effective area of perception of participants with simulated retinitis pigmentosa scotoma and (ii) maintain or improve performance in visual tasks. Using a virtual reality headset with eye tracking, we simulated tunnel vision of 20° in diameter in visually healthy participants ( = 9).

Hepatorenal Tyrosinaemia: Impact of a Simplified Diet on Metabolic Control and Clinical Outcome.

: Tyrosinaemia type 1 is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by an enzyme defect in the tyrosine degradation pathway. It is treated using nitisinone and a low-protein diet. In a workshop in 2013, a group of nutritional specialists from Germany, Switzerland and Austria agreed to advocate a simplified low-protein diet and to allow more natural protein intake in patients with tyrosinaemia type 1.

Sex-related differences in symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy - Time for a new definition?

Introduction: Sex-related differences in diagnosis and treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) are still unclear. Therefore, we analyzed baseline characteristics of symptomatic patients with indication for alcohol septal ablation (PTSMA) with respect to gender.

Methods And Results: Between 05/2000 and 06/2017 indication for PTSMA was seen in 1014 patients (420 (41.

Tendon elongation with bovine pericardium in strabismus surgery-indications beyond Graves' orbitopathy.

Background: For some patients with complex ocular motility disorders, conventional strabismus surgery is insufficient. Surgery with tendon elongation allows correction of larger angles and maintains a sufficient arc of contact for rectus muscles. This study reports results for tendon elongation with bovine pericardium (Tutopatch®) in indications other than Graves' orbitopathy in which it is already widely used.

Differential Diagnosis of Acquired Esotropia in the Elderly.

Aim: To provide an overview of the differential diagnoses of acquired esotropia that occur in the elderly and to facilitate their differentiation in everyday clinical practice.

Methods: The data of all patients who presented in our outpatient university department for strabology and neuroophthalmology from March 2014 to October 2015 due to esotropia with diplopia with onset after age 50 were evaluated retrospectively. Exclusion criteria were a known strabismus before the age of 50 and/or vertical deviations in the primary position.

Navigation aid for blind persons by visual-to-auditory sensory substitution: A pilot study.

Purpose: In this study, we investigate to what degree augmented reality technology can be used to create and evaluate a visual-to-auditory sensory substitution device to improve the performance of blind persons in navigation and recognition tasks.

Methods: A sensory substitution algorithm that translates 3D visual information into audio feedback was designed. This algorithm was integrated in an augmented reality based mobile phone application.

Characterization of the Key Odorants in High-Quality Extra Virgin Olive Oils and Certified Off-Flavor Oils to Elucidate Aroma Compounds Causing a Rancid Off-Flavor.

To identify the odorants responsible for a rancid off-flavor in olive oils, first, the key aroma compounds in a premium extra virgin olive oil (1) were characterized by the sensomics approach and were then compared to those present in a certified rancid off-flavor olive oil (1) obtained from the International Olive Council (IOC). By application of an aroma extract dilution analysis, 46 odorants were detected and subsequently identified in 1 and 35 odorants in 1, respectively. After quantitation by stable isotope dilution assays, calculation of odor activity values (OAVs; ratio of concentration to odor threshold) revealed only 5 odorants with OAVs > 10 in 1, while 13 odorants showed OAVs > 100 in 1, with (,)-2,4-decadienal, hexanoic acid, octanal, hexanal, ()-2-octenal, and ()-2-nonenal being among the most odor-active compounds.

Survival After Alcohol Septal Ablation in Patients With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Alcohol-induced infarction for treatment of symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) was discussed as a risk factor for increased cardiac mortality during follow-up.

Objectives: This study sought to report on long-term survival after echo-guided alcohol septal ablation (percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation [PTSMA]) in symptomatic patients with HOCM.

Methods: Between May 2000 and June 2017, PTSMA with alcohol injection was performed in 952 patients (age 55.