Effects of Age and MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease on the Expression of Genes Associated with the Regulation of the Sleep-Wake Cycle in Mice.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a long prodromal period, during which patients often have sleep disturbances. The histaminergic system and circadian rhythms play an important role in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle. Changes in the functioning of these systems may be involved in the pathogenesis of early stages of PD and may be age-dependent.

Evaluation of Ouabain's Tissue Distribution in C57/Black Mice Following Intraperitoneal Injection, Using Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry.

Cardiotonic steroids (CTSs), such as digoxin, are used for heart failure treatment. However, digoxin permeates the brain-blood barrier (BBB), affecting central nervous system (CNS) functions. Finding a CTS that does not pass through the BBB would increase CTSs' applicability in the clinic and decrease the risk of side effects on the CNS.

Combined Gamma-Rays and Carbon-12 Nuclei Irradiation Modulates Brain Chemokine and Cytokine Production and Improves Spatial Learning in Tau P301S, but not 5xFAD Mouse Line.

Earlier we showed the pro-cognitive effect of low doses of combined irradiation (including heavy charged particles) on Wistar rats. In the present work we studied the effect of irradiation (gamma-rays, 0.24 Gy; carbon-12, 0.

Expression Analysis of Genes Involved in Transport Processes in Mice with MPTP-Induced Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Processes of intracellular and extracellular transport play one of the most important roles in the functioning of cells. Changes to transport mechanisms in a neuron can lead to the disruption of many cellular processes and even to cell death. It was shown that disruption of the processes of vesicular, axonal, and synaptic transport can lead to a number of diseases of the central nervous system, including Parkinson's disease (PD).

Inhaled [D-Ala]-Dynorphin 1-6 Prevents Hyperacetylation and Release of High Mobility Group Box 1 in a Mouse Model of Acute Lung Injury.

COVID-19 is a respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that can rapidly escalate to life-threatening pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recently, extracellular high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been identified as an essential component of cytokine storms that occur with COVID-19; HMGB1 levels correlate significantly with disease severity. Thus, the modulation of HMGB1 release may be vital for treating COVID-19.

Drought Stress Tolerance and Photosynthetic Activity of Alloplasmic Lines x .

Tetraploid species Shuebl is a potential source of drought tolerance for cultivated wheat, including common wheat. This paper describes the genotyping of nine stable allolines isolated in the offspring from crossing of x L. using 21 microsatellite (simple sequence repeats-SSR) markers and two cytoplasmic mitochondrial markers to orf256, rps19-p genes; evaluation of drought tolerance of allolines at different stages of ontogenesis (growth parameters, relative water content, quantum efficiency of Photosystem II, electron transport rate, energy dissipated in Photosystem II); and the study of drought tolerance regulator gene with allele-specific PCR (AS-MARKER) and partial sequence analysis.

Expression analysis of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis in mice with MPTP-induced model of Parkinson's disease.

The mitochondrion is an extremely important organelle that performs various functions in the cell: e.g. energy production, regulation of respiration processes and maintenance of calcium homeostasis.

Extracting Interesting Rules from Gestation Course Data for Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Hypoxia.

The topic of neonatal hypoxia is of paramount importance to anyone who cares during pregnancy and childbirth. Modern medicine associates this pathology with severe problems in the prenatal period. Underlying diseases of the mother during pregnancy, her anamnesis of life are the leading causes of complications in the newborn.

Features of the organization of bread wheat chromosome 5BS based on physical mapping.

Background: The IWGSC strategy for construction of the reference sequence of the bread wheat genome is based on first obtaining physical maps of the individual chromosomes. Our aim is to develop and use the physical map for analysis of the organization of the short arm of wheat chromosome 5B (5BS) which bears a number of agronomically important genes, including genes conferring resistance to fungal diseases.

Results: A physical map of the 5BS arm (290 Mbp) was constructed using restriction fingerprinting and LTC software for contig assembly of 43,776 BAC clones.

Chiral Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensors.

In this article, a chiral plasmonic hydrogen-sensing platform using palladium-based nanohelices is demonstrated. Such 3D chiral nanostructures fabricated by nanoglancing angle deposition exhibit strong circular dichroism both experimentally and theoretically. The chiroptical properties of the palladium nanohelices are altered upon hydrogen uptake and sensitively depend on the hydrogen concentration.

Fine organization of genomic regions tagged to the 5S rDNA locus of the bread wheat 5B chromosome.

Background: The multigene family encoding the 5S rRNA, one of the most important structurally-functional part of the large ribosomal subunit, is an obligate component of all eukaryotic genomes. 5S rDNA has long been a favored target for cytological and phylogenetic studies due to the inherent peculiarities of its structural organization, such as the tandem arrays of repetitive units and their high interspecific divergence. The complex polyploid nature of the genome of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum, and the technically difficult task of sequencing clusters of tandem repeats mean that the detailed organization of extended genomic regions containing 5S rRNA genes remains unclear.

Surface- and tip-enhanced resonant Raman scattering from CdSe nanocrystals.

Surface- and tip-enhanced resonant Raman scattering (resonant SERS and TERS) by optical phonons in a monolayer of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) is demonstrated. The SERS enhancement was achieved by employing plasmonically active substrates consisting of gold arrays with varying nanocluster diameters prepared by electron-beam lithography. The magnitude of the SERS enhancement depends on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) energy, which is determined by the structural parameters.

Strong plasmon reflection at nanometer-size gaps in monolayer graphene on SiC.

We employ tip-enhanced infrared near-field microscopy to study the plasmonic properties of epitaxial quasi-free-standing monolayer graphene on silicon carbide. The near-field images reveal propagating graphene plasmons, as well as a strong plasmon reflection at gaps in the graphene layer, which appear at the steps between the SiC terraces. When the step height is around 1.

Transformation optics for plasmonics.

A new strategy to control the flow of surface plasmon polaritons at metallic surfaces is presented. It is based on the application of the concept of transformation optics to devise the optical parameters of the dielectric medium placed on top of the metal surface. We describe the general methodology for the design of transformation optical devices for surface plasmons and analyze, for proof-of-principle purposes, three representative examples with different functionalities: a beam shifter, a cylindrical cloak, and a ground-plane cloak.

Domino plasmons for subwavelength terahertz circuitry.

A new approach for the spatial and temporal modulation of electromagnetic fields at terahertz frequencies is presented. The waveguiding elements are based on plasmonic and metamaterial notions and consist of an easy-to-manufacture periodic chain of metallic box-shaped elements protruding out of a metallic surface. It is shown that the dispersion relation of the corresponding electromagnetic modes is rather insensitive to the waveguide width, preserving tight confinement and reasonable absorption loss even when the waveguide transverse dimensions are well in the subwavelength regime.

Geometrically induced modification of surface plasmons in the optical and telecom regimes.

We demonstrate that the introduction of a subwavelength periodic modulation into a metallic structure strongly modifies the guiding characteristics of the surface plasmon modes supported by the system. Moreover, it is also shown how a new type, to our knowledge, of a tightly confined surface plasmon polariton mode can be created by just milling a periodic corrugation into a metallic ridge placed on top of a metal surface.

Extremely short-length surface plasmon resonance devices.

The impact of the system design on the control of coupling between planar waveguide modes and surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) is analyzed. We examine how the efficiency of the coupling can be enhanced by an appropriate dimensioning of a multi-layer device structure without using additional gratings. We demonstrate that by proper design the length of the device can be dramatically reduced through fabrication a surface plasmon resonance sensor based on the SPP-photon transformation rather then on SPP dissipation.

[Partial androgen deficiency in aging male (Padam syndrome): terminology and current approaches to choice of replacement hormonal therapy].

The authors propose a novel approach to treatment of PADAM syndrome based on stimulation of synthesis of endogenic testosterone. A total of 150 patients with PADAM were examined in the Endocrinological Research Center. The examination included physical and andrological examinations with digital rectal investigation of the prostate, filling-in questionnaires, hormonal and biochemical tests.

Ultrasonic research of abdominal organs in conditions of long-term antiorthostatic hypokinesia.

Change in functional activity of digestive system in space flight usually is associated with phenomenon of hypokinesia which takes place in microgravity. However, it is marked that the reorganization of a gastrointestinal tract in space flight occurs on a background of the phenomenon of venous plethora in abdominal cavity, which can also result in changes of functional activity in organs of digestive system. Insignificant amount of studies of venous plethora in abdominal cavity carried out in conditions of space flight does not allow to create a complete picture of this phenomenon.

[Results of studies of carbohydrate metabolism and ultrasonography of the pancreas in man after continuous anti-orthostatic hypokinesia].

Data on the hypokinesia-induced transformation of the glycemic profile and ultrasonic changes in the pancreas structure are presented. The AOH study gave further evidence of transforming glycemic curves. Moreover, increased sizes of tail and head of the pancreas and a decrease in its echogeneity were observed in all test-subjects.

[The development of the syndrome of congestive parenchymatous organs under conditions of short-term hypokinesia].

Five series of head-down (-10 degrees to -30 degrees, up to 18 hr) tilt tests were performed with participation of 65 healthy male subjects. The ultrasonic technique was used to investigate the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, and the main abdominal vessels, i.e.

[The inhibiting effect of 8-Cl-adenosine-3',5'-cyclophosphate on the growth of melanoma B-16 in mice].

A site-selective analogue of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate 8-chloro-adenosine-3',5'-cyclophosphate was studied for its effects on the growth of transplanted murine melanoma B-16. When the agent was given to the mice, a substantial effect on the growth of the tumor was produced by a number of factors, which included the route of administration, concentration of the agent, the time and duration of therapy. Intraperitoneal injections of the agent in a dose of 20 mg/kg/day which were made during three consecutive days, beginning from day 5 after tumor transplantation caused a 58% decrease in tumor growth as compared to the controls.