Analysis of Internet-Based Written Materials on Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has many treatment options and the Internet is an important resource for patients. The quality of information reviewed by patients about sleep surgery is unknown. We assessed readability, accessibility, actionability, and quality of online content for OSA surgeries.

Necrotic Lesion Resistance Induced by Peronospora tabacina on Leaves of Nicotiana obtusifolia.

ABSTRACT Infection of Nicotiana obtusifolia plant introduction (PI) #555573 by the downy mildew pathogen Peronospora tabacina resulted in a compatible interaction, in which P. tabacina penetrated and freely colonized host leaf tissue. This interaction became incompatible 5 to 6 days later, with the appearance of necrotic lesions (NLs) and inhibition of pathogen growth and subsequent sporulation.

Cocultures of Peronospora tabacina and Nicotiana Species to Study Host-Pathogen Interactions.

ABSTRACT Long-term cocultures of the tobacco blue mold pathogen, Peronospora tabacina, with Nicotiana tabacum and N. repanda callus were derived from infected host plant tissue. In this apparently contaminant-free system, sporulation occurred under similar conditions as in intact plants.

Interactions of Peronospora tabacina with Roots of Nicotiana spp. in Gnotobiotic Associations.

ABSTRACT Peronospora tabacina is an obligate plant pathogen that causes downy mildew disease on several species of Nicotiana, including N. tabacum (tobacco). The primary objective of this study was to use gnotobiotic associations to describe interactions between the pathogen and roots of either N.

Association of Macroposthonia xenoplax and Scutellonema brachyurum with the Peach Tree Short Life Syndrome.

High populations of both Scutellonema brachyurum and Macroposthonia xenoplax were detected in the root zones of peach trees growing at sites where peach tree short life occurred. Both nematodes responded to changes in tree health, with the highest numbers detected under the most vigorous trees; both populations declined as tree vigor declined. Few of either species were detected 6 months after trees died.