Effects of Metformin Therapy on Thyroid Volume and Functions in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-center Prospective Study.

Objective: Patients with impaired glucose metabolism have increased thyroid volume and a higher prevalence of nodules. Yet, some studies show that there is an improvement in these thyroid parameters after diabetes treatment. Our observational study aimed to reveal the effect of treatment on thyroid function, thyroid volume, and the presence of nodules in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who were started on metformin treatment.

Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of (6)-shogaol on alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis.

Purpose: (6)-Shogaol is the most prevalent bioactive compound in ginger. The aim of this study was to examine both the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of (6)-shogaol in an experimental periodontitis model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups.

Evaluation of the Impact of Cochlear Implantation on Patients' Working Life: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Hearing loss that arises from various causes at different stages of life has a direct impact on individuals' physical and mental well-being. This paper aimed to evaluate the employment, workplace adaptation, productivity, and professional success of individuals who have hearing loss and whose hearing loss is corrected with a cochlear implant. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected between November 2022 and March 2023 with the participation of individuals with cochlear implants living in several settlements in all regions of Türkiye.

Lithological controls on lake water biogeochemistry in Maritime Antarctica.

Although the Antarctic lakes are of great importance for the climate and the carbon cycle, the lithological influences on the input of elements that are necessary for phytoplankton in lakes have so far been insufficiently investigated. To address this issue, we analyzed phytoplankton cell concentrations and chemical compositions of water samples from lakes, ponds and a stream on Fildes and Ardley Islands of King George Island in the South Shetland Archipelago. Furthermore, lake sediments, as well as soil and rock samples collected from the littoral zone were analyzed for their mineralogical/petrographic composition and pollutant contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Congenital Hearing Loss: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the cochlear nerve and the anatomical structures of the cochlea and internal acoustic canal in patients with congenital hearing loss.

Materials And Methods: Temporal tomography and magnetic resonance images of 44 patients (88 ears) with non-syndromic congenital hearing loss were retrospectively analyzed between 2018 and 2021. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to cochlear nerve hypoplasia.

The effect of the closed intravenous catheter system on first insertion success, indwelling time, and complications in pediatric hematology and oncology patients: A randomized controlled study.

Purpose: The primary purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of two different catheter systems (closed IV catheter system: BD Nexiva™, peripheral open IV catheter: BD Insyte™ Autoguard™) on first insertion success, catheter indwelling time, and the catheter complications.

Method: This randomized controlled study used a single-blind and parallel trial design guided by the CONSORT checklist. The "Peripheral Intravenous Catheter (PIVC) Bundle" was applied to all patients.

Management of Priapism: Results of a Nationwide Survey and Comparison with International Guidelines.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate current urologic practice regarding the management of priapism in Turkey and compare with international guidelines.

Methods: Urologists and urology residents were invited to an online survey consisting of 30 multiple-choice questions on priapism-related clinical practices that were consid- ered most important and relevant to practices by using Google Forms.

Results: Total number of responses was 340.

Comparing Tribbles Homolog 3 (TRIB3) Protein Expression Levels with Clinicopathological Characteristics and Survival Among Neuroblastoma Patients.

Background: Tribbles Homolog 3 (TRIB3) is a member of the pseudokinase family of tribbles and acts as an adaptor protein to regulate different cellular processes. Upregulation of TRIB3 expression was shown either as a favorable or an adverse prognostic factor in various adult malignancies. However, TRIB3 expression has not been examined in pediatric cancers.

Pediatric paravertebral tumors: analysis of 96 patients.

Purpose: The most important complication of paravertebral tumors is cord compression (CC), which is an oncologic emergency. Early and appropriate intervention is important in terms of reducing morbidity and mortality. Here, we report our clinical experience with paravertebral tumors.

The activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in T cells tunes the gut microenvironment to sustain autoimmunity and neuroinflammation.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell-driven autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin of the central nervous system (CNS) and currently has no cure. MS etiology is linked to both the gut flora and external environmental factors but this connection is not well understood. One immune system regulator responsive to nonpathogenic external stimuli is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR).

The effect of training on coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients.

Background: In the pre-operative process, patients who will undergo cardiovascular surgery and their families require planned education and education materials. Education given to patients plays a key role in reducing anxiety, overcoming stress, and accelerating discharge.

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the effect of an education booklet in addition to training by nurses on efficacy expectation, pain and anxiety levels in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery patients.

Potentially inappropriate medications based on TIME criteria and risk of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between hospital admission potentially inappropriate medications use (PIM) and in-hospital mortality of COVID-19, considering other possible factors related to mortality.

Methods: The Turkish inappropriate medication use in the elderly (TIME) criteria were used to define PIM. The primary outcome of this study was in-hospital mortality.

Salvage chemotherapy in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer after prior immunotherapy: a retrospective, real-life experience study.

Patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progress with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), salvage chemotherapy remains the only viable option for tumors that do not harbor genomic alterations. Data on the efficacy of salvage chemotherapy after immunotherapy (SCAI) are scarce. Our main objective in the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of SCAI.

A Path-Based Analysis of Infected Cell Line and COVID-19 Patient Transcriptome Reveals Novel Potential Targets and Drugs Against SARS-CoV-2.

Most transcriptomic studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection have focused on differentially expressed genes, which do not necessarily reveal the genes mediating the transcriptomic changes. In contrast, exploiting curated biological network, our PathExt tool identifies central genes from the differentially active paths mediating global transcriptomic response. Here we apply PathExt to multiple cell line infection models of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses, as well as to COVID-19 patient-derived PBMCs.

Oleuropein Effect on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss.

Background: To investigate the possible protective activity of oleuropein compound on noise-induced hearing loss in rats.

Methods: Twenty-eight adult male albino rats were divided into 4 groups. Control normal saline (n=7) group was kept noise-free.

Comparison of two techniques in gingival recession treatment: A randomized one-year clinical follow-up study.

Background: Gingival recession (GR) is highly prevalent in the general population and represents a significant concern for patients and clinicians. Various surgical techniques have been proposed to treat gingival recession. Well-designed trials with clinicianand patient-based parameters, evaluating the envelope connective tissue graft (E-CTG) and semilunar coronally advanced flap (SCAF) techniques are still needed.

A prelude to the proximity interaction mapping of CXXC5.

CXXC5 is a member of the zinc-finger CXXC family proteins that interact with unmodified CpG dinucleotides through a conserved ZF-CXXC domain. CXXC5 is involved in the modulation of gene expressions that lead to alterations in diverse cellular events. However, the underlying mechanism of CXXC5-modulated gene expressions remains unclear.

Cultivating mental health education in obstetrics and gynecology: a call to action.

Mental health disorders are common and have a significantly negative impact on the health and well-being of women. For example, perinatal mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are widely understood to be the most common complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Untreated mental health disorders are associated with significant obstetrical and psychiatric sequelae and have a long-lasting impact on neonatal and childhood outcomes.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical tissues: performances of Aptima HPV assay and Beckton Dickinson (BD) Onclarity assay.

Aim: There are many scenarios where high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens is important. However, there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved and clinically validated technique for detecting high-risk HPV in FFPE tissues. In this study, we evaluated two commercially available HPV assays which are FDA-approved for use on cytology specimens, the Aptima HPV assay and the Beckton Dickinson (BD) Onclarity assay, to detect high-risk HPV in FFPE tissues of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: Real-world experience from Turkey (ARNi-TR).

Objective: Heart failure (HF) is a growing public health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Recently, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) has emerged as a promising treatment for HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Here, we shared our experience with the use of ARNi in HFrEF from multiple centers in Turkey.

Existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on ambient particulate matter samples: A nationwide study in Turkey.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and has been affecting the world since the end of 2019. The disease led to significant mortality and morbidity in Turkey, since the first case was reported on March 11th, 2020. Studies suggest a positive association between air pollution and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The Predictors of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy and Its Effect on Quality of Life.

Background: Knowing the prevalence and predictors of neuropathic pain and its impacts on the quality of life (QoL) using measurement tools is important for good diabetes management. In Turkish society, neuropathic pain, its predictors and its impact on the quality of life of diabetics are not considered enough.

Objectives: This study examined the prevalence and predictors of neuropathic pain and its impacts on the quality of life in diabetics in Rize Province, Turkey.

PD-L1 Expression in Mismatch Repair-deficient Endometrial Carcinoma and Tumor-associated Immune Cells: Differences Between MLH1 Methylated and Nonmethylated Subgroups.

Mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient endometrial carcinomas show increased programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression compared with MMR-intact endometrial carcinomas, but there are limited data regarding PD-L1 expression between sporadic and inherited carcinomas exhibiting MMR loss. Most of the studies investigating PD-L1 expression in endometrial carcinoma have used tissue microarrays and did not examine all tumor blocks. In this study, we analyzed the expression of PD-L1 in resection specimens of 176 consecutive endometrial carcinomas using all tumor blocks; we compared PD-L1 expression in MMR-deficient endometrial carcinomas, including the MLH1 and PMS2-loss subgroup, and the other MMR-loss subgroups (MSH2 and MSH6, isolated PMS2, and isolated MSH6), with the MMR-intact subgroup.