The influence of laser frequency and groove distance on cell adhesion, cell viability, and antibacterial characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V dental implants treated by modern fiber engraving laser.

Objective: Micro-nano scale surface modification of Ti-6Al-4V was investigated through the fascinated modern fiber engraving laser method. The process was performed at a high laser speed of 2000mm/s, under different laser frequencies (20-160kHz) and groove distances (0.5-50μm).