BCLA CLEAR Presbyopia: Epidemiology and impact.

The global all-ages prevalence of epidemiologically-measured 'functional' presbyopia was estimated at 24.9% in 2015, affecting 1.8 billion people.

Ocular effects of exposure to low-humidity environment with contact lens wear: A pilot study.

Purpose: To compare the ocular effects of exposure to a low-humidity environment with and without contact lens (CL) wear using various non-invasive tests.

Methods: Fourteen habitual soft CL wearers were exposed to controlled low humidity (5% relative humidity [RH]) in an environmental chamber for 90 min on two separate occasions. First, when wearing their habitual spectacles and then, on a separate visit, when wearing silicone hydrogel CLs that were fitted specifically for this purpose.

Are artificial intelligence chatbots a reliable source of information about contact lenses?

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots are able to explain complex concepts using plain language. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of three AI chatbots answering common questions related to contact lens (CL) wear.

Methods: Three open access AI chatbots were compared: Perplexity, Open Assistant and ChatGPT 3.

Current approaches to soft contact lens handling training - Global perspectives.

Purpose: All neophyte contact lens wearers require training on how to handle contact lenses. Currently, almost no published information exists describing the most common approaches used by those involved in such training in soft contact lens wearers. This study aimed to gather information on the approaches taken by those conducting this training worldwide.

Visual performance of new affordable and auto-adherent lenses for presbyopia correction.

Presbyopia is a visual condition that affects all of us, evolving with time, reducing the range of accommodation and the ability to work at near. Reading glasses, bifocals or multifocal lenses are the most common solutions. In this work, we demonstrate the near visual performance of new elastomeric auto-adherent lenses developed for the correction of presbyopia.

Intraocular Scattering, Blinking Rate, and Tear Film Osmolarity After Exposure to Environmental Stress.

Purpose: Dry environments, such as those in offices or aircraft cabins, can potentially generate ocular discomfort and alter the tear film. We compare light scatter, blinking rate, and tear osmolarity in young and older subjects after exposure to low humidity using a controlled environmental chamber.

Methods: Two groups of healthy subjects were recruited; younger (N = 13, 27 ± 6 years) and older (N = 23, 71 ± 7 years).

Contact lens wear and care in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: To establish contact lens wear and care practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.

Method: A 58-item anonymous online survey was distributed during the period 30th April to 10th May via Qualtrics. The survey explored: a) demographic characteristics (age, sex, general health and where they were living during lockdown), b) changes in their contact lens use during lockdown, c) hygiene and contact lens compliance and d) concerns associated with contact lens wear and ways to support wearers during the pandemic.

Author Correction: Comparison of different smartphone cameras to evaluate conjunctival hyperaemia in normal subjects.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging: publisher's note.

This publisher's note corrects the funding section in J. Opt. Soc.

Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging.

We evaluated the dynamics of ocular surface temperature using thermal imaging in 21 glaucoma subjects and 19 healthy subjects. On opening of the eye, subjects with glaucoma showed significantly cooler temperatures in the central cornea compared to the control group. The upper eyelid was also significantly cooler just before the eye opened.

Comparison of different smartphone cameras to evaluate conjunctival hyperaemia in normal subjects.

Despite the significant advantages that smartphones' cameras can provide in teleophthalmology and artificial intelligence applications, their use as black-box systems for clinical data acquisition, without adequate information of the quality of photographs can compromise data accuracy. The aim of this study is to compare the objective and subjective quantification of conjunctival redness in images obtained with calibrated and non-calibrated cameras, in different lighting conditions and optical magnifications. One hundred ninety-two pictures of the eye were taken in 4 subjects using 3 smartphone cameras{Bq, Iphone, Nexus}, 2 lighting levels{high 815 lx, low 122 lx} and 2 magnification levels{high 10x, low 6x}.

The potential influence of Schirmer strip variables on dry eye disease characterisation, and on tear collection and analysis.

Purpose: The use of the Schirmer strips (SS) as a tool in the characterisation of dry eye disease, depends upon the quantitative assessment of tear production and constituents. The aim of this study was to ascertain the extent to which the properties of commercially available SS can vary and the way in which this baseline information may relate to their comparability in clinical use.

Methods: Five SS were analysed: Clement Clarke®, TearFlo®, Bio Schirmer®, Omni Schirmer® and JingMing®.

Differences in Dry Eye Questionnaire Symptoms in Two Different Modalities of Contact Lens Wear: Silicone-Hydrogel in Daily Wear Basis and Overnight Orthokeratology.

. To compare the ocular surface symptoms and signs in an adult population of silicone-hydrogel (Si-Hy) contact lens (CL) wearers with another modality of CL wear, overnight orthokeratology (OK). .

Performance of three multipurpose disinfecting solutions with a silicone hydrogel contact lens.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical performance of a silicone hydrogel (Si-Hy) soft contact lens (CL) in combination with three different multipurpose disinfecting solutions (MPDSs).

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, single-masked, crossover, and comparative study in which 31 habitual soft CL wearers were randomly assigned to one of the three MPDSs (Synergi, COMPLETE RevitaLens, and OPTI-FREE PureMoist) for 1 month with a 1-week wash-out period between each exposure. All subjects were successfully refitted with a Si-Hy CL (Biofinity).

Corneal biomechanical properties in different ocular conditions and new measurement techniques.

Several refractive and therapeutic treatments as well as several ocular or systemic diseases might induce changes in the mechanical resistance of the cornea. Furthermore, intraocular pressure measurement, one of the most used clinical tools, is also highly dependent on this characteristic. Corneal biomechanical properties can be measured now in the clinical setting with different instruments.

Modern scleral contact lenses: A review.

Scleral contact lenses (ScCL) have gained renewed interest during the last decade. Originally, they were primarily used for severely compromised eyes. Corneal ectasia and exposure conditions were the primary indications.

Long-term changes in corneal structure and tear inflammatory mediators after orthokeratology and LASIK.

Purpose: To monitor changes in corneal structure and level of inflammatory mediators in tears of myopic patients following orthokeratology (OK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Methods: Sixty-two myopic subjects were analyzed in this prospective study. Thirty-two had worn Paragon CRT contact lenses and 30 underwent standard LASIK.

Pigmented corneal ring associated with orthokeratology in Caucasians: case reports.

Background: The aim was to report the appearance of a pigmented ring in both eyes of two patients undergoing overnight orthokeratology.

Methods: Two Caucasian patients, one male and one female, were fitted with orthokeratology lenses to correct myopia between -2.00 and -2.