Blood-based biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: Future directions for implementation.

Introduction: Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) will increase diagnostic demand. A non-invasive blood-based biomarker (BBBM) test for detection of amyloid-β pathology may reduce diagnostic barriers and facilitate DMT initiation.

Objective: To explore heterogeneity in AD care pathways and potential role of BBBM tests.

Biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: role in early and differential diagnosis and recognition of atypical variants.

Background: Development of in vivo biomarkers has shifted the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from the later dementia stages of disease towards the earlier stages and has introduced the potential for pre-symptomatic diagnosis. The International Working Group recommends that AD diagnosis is restricted in the clinical setting to people with specific AD phenotypes and supportive biomarker findings.

Main Body: In this review, we discuss the phenotypic presentation and use of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of typical and atypical AD and describe how this can support clinical decision making, benefit patient communication, and improve the patient journey.

Current Diagnostic Pathways for Alzheimer's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Real-World Study Across Six Countries.

Background: Diagnostic pathways for patients presenting with cognitive complaints may vary across geographies.

Objective: To describe diagnostic pathways of patients presenting with cognitive complaints across 6 countries.

Methods: This real-world, cross-sectional study analyzed chart-extracted data from healthcare providers (HCPs) for 6,744 patients across China, France, Germany, Spain, UK, and the US.

Improving the identification of people with dementia in primary care: evaluation of the impact of primary care dementia coding guidance on identified prevalence.

Objective: Improving dementia care is a policy priority nationally and internationally; there is a 'diagnosis gap' with less than half of the cases of dementia ever diagnosed. The English Health Department's Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) encourages primary care recognition and recording of dementia. The codes for dementia are complex with the possibility of underidentification through miscoding.