Medical Device Related Pressure Injury in the Treatment of Chronic Pain: An Early Sign of Explantation in Suspected Infection.

Background: Chronic back pain is a prevalent disease and has a high impact in daily life. Implantable devices (IDs) for chronic pain management include spinal cord stimulation (SCS) systems and intrathecal drug delivery (ITDD) pumps. The number of ITDD implants have increased exponentially in the last decade.

Prospective, Randomized Blind Effect-on-Outcome Study of Conventional vs High-Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients with Pain and Disability Due to Failed Back Surgery Syndrome.

Objectives: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) show variable results and limited to moderate evidence. In the last years the stimulation of high frequency (HF) has been considered as a better alternative in this pathology for its supposed benefits compared to the stimulation with conventional frequency (CF). To compare in one year follow-up, the efficacy of high-frequency SCS (HF) versus conventional frequency SCS (CF) on the patients with FBSS.

Management of acute pain in patients on treatment with opioids.

The use of opioids for both benign and cancer-related chronic pain has increased exponentially over the last few years. For this reason, increasing numbers of such patients are presenting for surgery. It is known that continuous use of opioids is associated with an increase in postoperative analgesic requirements.

Vulvodynia--An Evidence-Based Literature Review and Proposed Treatment Algorithm.

Objective: We searched the medical literature from the last 15 years (1998 to 2013) relating to the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of vulvodynia. The evidence was reviewed supporting the therapeutic proposals currently in use and propose the incorporation of novel, minimally invasive, interventional therapies, within the context of a multidisciplinary approach.

Methods: This was a systematic review of all relevant studies with no language restrictions.

Peripheral subcutaneous vulvar stimulation in the management of severe and refractory vulvodynia.

Background: Vulvodynia is a complex and multifactorial clinical condition with severe pain that occurs in the absence of visible infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, or neurological findings.

Case: A 35-year-old woman with 3 years of dysesthetic vulvodynia tried conventional and interventional medical treatment with inadequate relief. She was offered peripheral subcutaneous vulvar field stimulation and underwent implantation of two vulvar subcutaneous electrodes.