[Microsurgical treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations in Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute (recent experience)].

Recently the number of AVM resections in Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute has been increased dramatically. Aim of this study was to assess the results of open surgery in our clinic in modern neurosurgical era. Consecutive series if 160 patients with AVM treated using microsurgical technique since 2009 till 2011 was analyzed.

[Ventriculoperitoneal and ventriculoatrial shunts in treatment of patients with brain tumors].

Two 234 patients with tumor-associated hydrocephalus underwent their first shunt implantation at Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute between 2004 and 2008. Age of the patients ranged from 18 to 77 years (mean 44). The follow-up was available in 162 patients (72%).

[The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute brain injury in children of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria].

The paper provides the data of an epidemiological survey for acute brain injury in the pediatric population in Nalchik (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria) during 3 years (1991-1993). The incidence of acute brain injury was 4.32 +/- 0.

[The prognostic significance of the PCNA protein in transitional-cell bladder cancer].

1. Apparent expression of PCNA in different tumours should not be regarded as an unquestionable criterion of tumoral growth and progression but a negative result of an immunohistochemical assay for PCNA of certain human tumours is not to be taken as a proof that there is no tumoral growth whatever. 2.

[The prognostic importance of the immunohistochemical study of protein p53 in transitional-cell bladder tumors].

In an immunohistochemical investigation designed to study a mutated p53 protein in transitional-cell tumours (n = 44) we succeeded in identifying the presence of two types of transitional-cell tumours of human urinary bladder, such as p53 immunopositive and p53 immunonegative transitional-cell tumours. Thus, the results of the immunohistochemical investigation into the protein p53 were found out to directly correlate with the clinical course of transitional-cell tumours, that are held to be of great differential-diagnostic and prognostic significance.

[The classification of nervous system tumors].

The paper presents the classification of tumors of the nervous system, which is based on the Second Variant of the International Histological Classification of Tumors of the Nervous System which was developed by the WHO experts in 1993 and on the section "Morphology of Neoplasms" of the International Classification of Diseases, Xth review. These classifications were critically reviewed by taking into account the experience gained by the Laboratory of Pathomorphology, Academician N. N.

[Epidemiological and classification aspects of nervous system tumors].

The data obtained from various surveys of the epidemiology of the CNS tumors in different countries were analyzed. It was noted, the incidence of primary CNS tumors remains within the limits of 5-12.5 cases per 100,000 people, and depends on number of factors (e.

[Diagnostic potentials of studying the ESR].

Specific (tuberculin, adrenalin) and nonspecific (ultrasound, phenol) in vitro exposures of the blood improve the diagnostic informativeness of the red cell sedimentation rate measurements. Similarity of the results of measurements, carried out by the suggested and the reference techniques in more than 550 patients, gives grounds to employ the suggested modifications of tuberculin diagnosis, of detecting a beta-adrenodependent bronchospasm, of assessing the pattern and the activity of an inflammation in pneumonias. Practical and statistical rationale for the suggested methods is given.

[Methodological problems and various results of the study of the incidence and structure of diseases of the urinary system among adult population (data from outpatient clinics of Moscow, Celinograd and the Celinograd district of the Kazakh SSR)].

A 4-stage system of mass screening of population for the detection of renal diseases tested in one of the outpatient clinic zones in Moscow (2013 residents), Thelinograd (7091 residents), and Tselinograd Region, Kazakh SSR (880 residents) was presented. The incidence rates of renal diseases per 1000 examined population in Moscow, Tselinograd and Thelinograd Region, Kazakh SSR, were 12.4 +/- 2.

[Principles for making the diagnosis of craniocerebral injury].

The structure of the diagnosis of craniocerebral trauma in the acute period was elaborated in conformity with its common clinical classification. The authors substantiate the necessity for supplementing the general nosological characteristics of the injuries to the skull and brain with a specification of all anatomical and principal functional components of the trauma, which are listed in order of their importance for the therapeutic policy and the outcomes.