Carbon and Nitrogen Allocation between the Sink and Source Leaf Tissue in Response to the Excess Excitation Energy Conditions.

Plants are inevitably exposed to extreme climatic conditions that lead to a disturbed balance between the amount of absorbed energy and their ability to process it. Variegated leaves with photosynthetically active green leaf tissue (GL) and photosynthetically inactive white leaf tissue (WL) are an excellent model system to study source-sink interactions within the same leaf under the same microenvironmental conditions. We demonstrated that under excess excitation energy (EEE) conditions (high irradiance and lower temperature), regulated metabolic reprogramming in both leaf tissues allowed an increased consumption of reducing equivalents, as evidenced by preserved maximum efficiency of photosystem II () at the end of the experiment.

Indigo Carmine in a Food Dye: Spectroscopic Characterization and Determining Its Micro-Concentration through the Clock Reaction.

Indigo carmine is a commonly used industrial blue dye. To determine its concentration in a commercially available food dye composed of a mixture of indigo carmine and D-glucose, this paper characterizes it through (ATR, KBr) FTIR micro-Raman as well as UV/Vis and clock: Briggs-Rauscher (BR) oscillatory reaction methods. The indigo carmine was detected in the bulk food dye only by applying micro-Raman spectroscopy, indicating a low percentage of the indigo carmine present.

Differential Response of Two Tomato Genotypes, Wild Type cv. Ailsa Craig and Its ABA-Deficient Mutant to Short-Termed Drought Cycles.

Two tomato genotypes with constitutively different ABA level, mutant and wild type of Ailsa Craig cv. (WT), were subjected to three repeated drought cycles, with the aim to reveal the role of the abscisic acid (ABA) threshold in developing drought tolerance. Differential responses to drought of two genotypes were obtained: more pronounced stomatal closure, ABA biosynthesis and proline accumulation in WT compared to the mutant were compensated by dry weight accumulation accompanied by transient redox disbalance in .

Re-epithelialization and immune cell behaviour in an ex vivo human skin model.

A large body of literature is available on wound healing in humans. Nonetheless, a standardized ex vivo wound model without disruption of the dermal compartment has not been put forward with compelling justification. Here, we present a novel wound model based on application of negative pressure and its effects for epidermal regeneration and immune cell behaviour.

The Antiseptic Octenidine Inhibits Langerhans Cell Activation and Modulates Cytokine Expression upon Superficial Wounding with Tape Stripping.

Ideal agents for the topical treatment of skin wounds should have antimicrobial efficacy without negative influence on wound healing. Octenidine (OCT) has become a widely used antiseptic in professional wound care, but its influence on several components of the wound healing process remains unclear. In the present study, we have used a superficial wound model using tape stripping on human full-thickness skin ex vivo to investigate the influence of OCT on epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and cytokine secretion pattern of skin cells during wound healing in a model without disruption of the normal skin structure.

The effectiveness of child restraint and seat belt legislation in reducing child injuries: The case of Serbia.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the short- and long-term impacts of Serbia's 2009 update of child restraint and seat belt legislation on the incidence of pediatric motor vehicle-related injury. With this new law, the use of child restraints in children age 0-3 became mandatory, and children 4-12 had to wear seat belts in the rear seats.

Methods: A unique data set with assembled information from public institutions of the Republic of Serbia from January 2004 to December 2014 and analyses based on interrupted time series were carried out.