Toxinotyping of strains isolated from broiler flocks with necrotic enteritis and evaluation of the effect of toxins on Leghorn Male Hepatoma cells.

Background: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease, caused by type G strains, and is one of the major targets of antibiotics used in poultry feed.

Aims: This study aimed to genotypically characterize virulent strains of isolated from healthy and diseased birds in Iran.

Methods: Eleven isolates were derived from necrotic enteritis cases, and 27 were from healthy chickens.

New insights into comprehensive analysis of magnesium transporter () gene family in rice ( L.).

Unlabelled: Magnesium transporters (MGTs) regulate magnesium absorption, transport, and redistribution in higher plants. To investigate the role of the gene family members under salt stress, this study analyzed the protein properties, gene structure, phylogenetic relationship, synteny patterns, expression, and co-expression networks of 23 non-redundant . The evolutionary relationship of the OsMGT gene family was fully consistent with their functional domain, and were divided into three main classes based on the conserved domain: MMgT, CorA-like, and NIPA.

Comprehensive Analysis of Calcium Sensor Families, CBL and CIPK, in and Their Expression Profile in Response to Salinity.

Plants have acquired sets of highly regulated and complex signaling pathways to respond to unfavorable environmental conditions during evolution. Calcium signaling, as a vital mechanism, enables plants to respond to external stimuli, including abiotic and biotic stresses, and coordinate the basic processes of growth and development. In the present study, two calcium sensor families, CBL and CIPK, were investigated in a halophyte plant, , with a comprehensive analysis.

Initial Description of the Genome of , a Halophile Grass.

The use of wild plant species or their halophytic relatives has been considered in plant breeding programs to improve salt and drought tolerance in crop plants. serves as halophyte model for identification and isolation of novel stress adaptation genes. perennial monocot grass, grows in damp or arid areas, often salt-impregnated places and wasteland in cultivated areas, can survive periodically high water salinity, and tolerate high salt concentrations in the soil up to 1,100 mM sodium chloride.

Ion content, antioxidant enzyme activity and transcriptional response under salt stress and recovery condition in the halophyte grass Aeluropus littoralis.

Objective: In contrast to glycophytes, halophyte plants have evolved unique morphological and physiological mechanisms to deal with abiotic stress. This study presents the physiological responses of Aeluropus littoralis, a halophyte grass, to salt stress and recovery conditions on the molecular level.

Results: Elemental analysis showed that Na concentration increased in the analyzed tissue during salt stress application, and declined at recovery condition.

Immunization with oral and parenteral subunit chimeric vaccine candidate confers protection against Necrotic Enteritis in chickens.

Following the ban on the use of in-feed antimicrobials, necrotic enteritis (NE) NE is the most important clostridial disease. Vaccination has been considered as a possible approach to prevent NE. Our previous study showed that a chimeric protein product consisting of antigenic epitopes of NetB, Alpha-toxin and Zinc metallopeptidase (Zmp) triggered immune response against C.

Isolation of Cysteine-Rich Peptides from .

The plant , a member of the squash (Cucurbitaceae) family, has a long history in traditional medicine. Based on the ancient knowledge about the healing properties of herbal preparations, plant-derived small molecules, e.g.

De novo RNA sequencing analysis of Aeluropus littoralis halophyte plant under salinity stress.

The study of salt tolerance mechanisms in halophyte plants can provide valuable information for crop breeding and plant engineering programs. The aim of the present study was to investigate whole transcriptome analysis of Aeluropus littoralis in response to salinity stress (200 and 400 mM NaCl) by de novo RNA-sequencing. To assemble the transcriptome, Trinity v2.

Description of novel species of , and using a polyphasic approach.

Five cyanobacterial strains with -like morphology from different localities of the Mazandaran province of Iran were characterized using a polyphasic approach. Three strains clustered within the clade whereas one each of the remaining two strains clustered within the genera and . The phylogenetic positioning of all the strains by the bayesian inference, neighbour joining and maximum parsimony methods inferred using 16S rRNA gene indicated them to represent novel species of the genera , and .

A study on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in the chloroformic and methanolic extracts of 6 important medicinal plants collected from North of Iran.

Background: As possible sources of natural bioactive molecules, the plant essential oils and extracts have been used globally in new antimicrobial compounds, food preservatives, and alternatives to treat infectious disease.

Methods: In this research, the antimicrobial activities of chloroformic and methanolic extracts of , , , , , and were evaluated against 8 bacteria (, , , , , , , ) and 3 fungi (, and ), through disc diffusion method. Furthermore, the essential oils of plants with the highest antibacterial activity were analyzed utilizing GC/MS.

In silico design and in vitro analysis of a recombinant trivalent fusion protein candidate vaccine targeting virulence factor of Clostridium perfringens.

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a multifactorial disease in broiler that is caused by colonization of Clostridium perfringens in their gastrointestinal tract. Recently several immunogenic proteins from virulent C. perfringens have been considered as vaccines to provide protection against NE.

Exploiting Differential Gene Expression to Discover Ionic and Osmotic-Associated Transcripts in the Halophyte Grass .

Background: Salinity as a most significant environmental challenges affects the growth and productivity of plants worldwide. In this study, the ionic and iso-osmotic effects of salt stress were investigated in L., a halophyte grass species from Poaceae family, by cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) technique.

Effect of light/dark cycle on nitrate and phosphate removal from synthetic wastewater based on BG11 medium by sp.

In this study, microalgae growth in the synthetic wastewater and their ability to remove nutrients under different light levels was investigated. For this purpose, a comparative study was conducted on freshwater microalgae sp. to evaluate their performance to remove nitrate and phosphate from both slaughterhouse and dairy synthetic treated wastewaters, under different light/dark cycles (12/12, 16/8 and 24/0 h), in Erlenmeyer flasks.

Dissecting molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance in rice: a comparative transcriptional profiling of the contrasting genotypes.

Background: Salinity expansion in arable land is a threat to crop plants. Rice is the staple food crop across several countries worldwide; however, its salt sensitive nature severely affects its growth under excessive salinity. FL478 is a salt tolerant indica recombinant inbred line, which can be a good source of salt tolerance at the seedling stage in rice.

Transcriptional responses of wheat roots inoculated with Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus to salt stress.

It is commonly accepted that bacteria actively interact with plant host and have beneficial effects on growth and adaptation and grant tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the mechanisms of plant growth promoting bacteria to communicate and adapt to the plant environment are not well characterized. Among the examined bacteria isolates from different saline soils, Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus was selected as the best plant growth-promoting bacteria under salt stress.

Development of magnetic solid phase microextraction method for determination of the endocrine disrupting chemicals leached from reused plastic bottles.

Reuse of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles for storage of water and liquid food is so common in some countries of the world. However, it can result in the migration of plastic components or additives into the stored liquids and threatening of human health. In this respect, the present study developed a method for determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that might be released from reused disposable plastic containers.

Magnetic nano fluids for isolation of genomic DNA and total RNA from various prokaryote and eukaryote cells.

The correct isolation of nucleic acid from various cells is an important preliminary step before many biochemical and diagnostic processes such as cloning, sequencing, replication, hybridization, and complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis. In this study, the coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNFs) with Tween 20 and oleic acid because of paramagnetic and bio-compatibility properties used in the extractions of genomic DNA (gDNA) and total RNA from prokaryote and eukaryote cells. The amount and accuracy of gDNA and total RNA extracted were proved via agarose gel electrophoresis, digestion and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques.

NaOH low-salt method for chloroplast isolation and highly pure cpDNA preparation from .

Premise Of The Study: High-yield pure chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is necessary for whole genome sequencing. Chloroplast extraction with traditional high-salt methods causes damage to nuclei and destroys the integrity of organelles, which leads to high genomic contamination from the nucleus and mitochondria. To overcome this issue, we modified a traditional high-salt method to obtain a new approach called the NaOH low-salt method (NLS).

Assessment of DNA Contamination in RNA Samples Based on Ribosomal DNA.

One method extensively used for the quantification of gene expression changes and transcript abundances is reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). It provides accurate, sensitive, reliable, and reproducible results. Several factors can affect the sensitivity and specificity of RT-qPCR.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Biological Activities of the Essential Oil and Extract of the Seeds of Glycine max (Soybean) from North Iran.

Glycine max (L.) Merrill (soybean) is a major leguminous crop, cultivated globally as well as in Iran. This study examines the chemical composition of soybean essential oil, and evaluates the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of seeds on various plant pathogens that commonly cause irreparable damages to agricultural crops.

Identification and validation of Aeluropus littoralis reference genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR Normalization.

Background: The use of stably expressed genes as normalizers has crucial role in accurate and reliable expression analysis estimated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Recent studies have shown that, the expression levels of common housekeeping genes are varying in different tissues and experimental conditions. The genomic DNA contamination in RNA samples is another important factor that also influence the interpretation of the data obtained from qPCR.

Two-dimensional blue native/SDS-PAGE analysis of whole cell lysate protein complexes of rice in response to salt stress.

To understand the biology of a plant in response to stress, insight into protein-protein interactions, which almost define cell behavior, is thought to be crucial. Here, we provide a comparative complexomics analysis of leaf whole cell lysate of two rice genotypes with contrasting responses to salt using two-dimensional blue native/SDS-PAGE (2D-BN/SDS-PAGE). We aimed to identify changes in subunit composition and stoichiometry of protein complexes elicited by salt.

Evaluation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on the growth and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropped in northern Iran.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of four phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on the growth and yield of rice under different soil conditions.

Methods: Bacterial strains were Rahnella aquatillis (KM977991), Enterobacter sp. (KM977992), Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida.

Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of the constituents isolated from Koelreuteria paniculata leaves.

Methanolic extract of Golden rain leaves was fractionated by column chromatography on silica gel and 18 fractions were obtained. Antimicrobial activities of fractions were investigated against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as quality control bacteria and fungus Pyricularia grisea which causes Blast disease in rice. Fractions showed more antibacterial activity at 0.