Antioxidant effects of a novel pioglitazone analogue (PA9) in a rat model of diabetes: Modulation of redox homeostasis and preservation of tissue architecture.

Oxygen-free radicals have been implicated in the initiation of diabetic complications. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), known for their antidiabetic properties, also demonstrate notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Although a recently developed imidazolyl analogue of pioglitazone (PA9) has exhibited superior glucose-lowering efficacy compared to pioglitazone, its antioxidant effects remain unexplored.

Comparison of Viability of the Preserved Autologous Aspirated Fat Tissue Transfer in Refrigerated and Frozen Specimens.

Background: Fat graft surgery is one of the most effective procedures in plastic surgery, and since some patients request multiple surgeries and these cases sometimes take hours, it endangers the viability of the fat graft. In this study, we intend to evaluate the viability of adipose tissue aspirated with a syringe at refrigerator (4°C) and freezer (-20 °C) temperatures.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.

Comparison of FNA-based conventional cytology specimens and digital image analysis in assessment of pancreatic lesions.

Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is one of the most important diagnostic tools for investigation of suspected pancreatic masses, although the interpretation of the results is controversial. In recent decades, digital image analysis (DIA) has been considered in pathology. The aim of this study was to assess the DIA in the evaluation of EUS-FNA based cytopathological specimens of pancreatic masses and comparing it with conventional cytology analysis by pathologist.

Molecular Status of Mutation in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: An Analysis of 57 Cases in the Northeast of Iran.

Background & Objective: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most prevalent type of ovarian cancer. Previous studies have elucidated different pathways for the progression of this malignancy. The mutation in the B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) gene, a member of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, plays a role in the development of EOC.

Assessment of the Tumor-Stroma Ratio and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Colorectal Cancer: Inter-Observer Agreement Evaluation.

Background: To implement the new marker in clinical practice, reliability assessment, validation, and standardization of utilization must be applied. This study evaluated the reliability of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) assessment through conventional microscopy by comparing observers' estimations.

Methods: Intratumoral and tumor-front stromal TILs, and TSR, were assessed by three pathologists using 86 CRC HE slides.

Adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells seeded on denuded or stromal sides of the amniotic membrane improve angiogenesis and collagen remodeling and accelerate healing of the full-thickness wound.

Several strategies have been proposed to enhance wound healing results. Along with other forms of wound dressing, the human amniotic membrane (HAM) has long been regarded as a biological wound dressing that decreases infection and enhances healing. This study investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of wound healing using decellularized HAM (dAM) and stromal HAM (sAM) in combination with adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs).

Comparison of two routes of administration of a cationic liposome formulation for a prophylactic DC vaccination in a murine melanoma model.

Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination can be achieved via straight loading of vaccine into DCs ex vivo or administration to DCs in vivo. However, there is no certain consensus on which approach is preferable, and each strategy has its advantages and disadvantages, which affect the efficacy and safety of vaccines. It will also be more complicated when a vaccine delivery system is included.

Ex vivo dendritic cell-based (DC) vaccine pulsed with a low dose of liposomal antigen and CpG-ODN improved PD-1 blockade immunotherapy.

Lack of pre-existing tumor infiltrated T cells resulting in resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade therapies can be solved by combining with anti-cancer vaccines and CpG-ODN in increasing T cell expansion and infiltration. Therefore, we prepared an ex vivo dendritic cell-based (DC) vaccine pulsed with a low dose of either liposomal or non-liposomal gp100 antigen (2.8 µg) plus CpG-ODN (800 ng) formulations and evaluated its anti-tumor activity in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy.

Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Changes Leukocyte Number and Oxidative Stress in the Lung and Blood of Female BALB/c Mice.

Background: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1(HTLV-1) infection is likely to induce nonneoplastic inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Therefore, an experimental study was conducted to evaluate the leukocytes' number alteration and oxidative stress in the lung and blood of HTLV-1-infected BALB/c mice, which could be of benefit for the recognition of HTLV-1 mechanism in the induction of pulmonary disorders.

Materials And Methods: Twenty female BALB/c mice were divided into two groups of control and HTLV-1-infected animals.

Liposomal gp100 vaccine combined with CpG ODN sensitizes established B16F10 melanoma tumors to anti PD-1 therapy.

Objectives: Program death 1 (PD-1)/ program death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathways, as the main inhibitory checkpoints, induce immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite the importance of inhibitor checkpoint receptor (ICR) blockers, their outcomes have been limited by the low immune response rate and induced acquired resistance. Pre-existing tumor-specific T cells is related to the improvement of their therapeutic efficacy.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Its Association with Clinicopathologic Factors.

Background & Objective: Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) is one of the most important enzymes to breakdown extracellular matrix which plays a major role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study aimed to determine tumor MMP-9 expression in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and whether it is associated with histopathologic factors and has prognostic value to affect overall survival (OS).

Methods: The specimens of 92 patients with NSCLC diagnosis were included.

Evaluation of CD133 and CD56/NCAM expression in Wilms tumor and their association with prognostic factors.

Objectives: To validate certain markers for cancer stem cell populations and their clinical importance in Wilms tumor (WT).

Materials And Methods: Immunohistochemical study for CD133 and CD56/NCAM was performed on forty-six cases of WT that were diagnosed between 1999 and 2015, and the association of these markers with survival and prognostic factors was analyzed.

Results: Thirty-four (73.

Vaccination with dendritic cells pulsed ex vivo with gp100 peptide-decorated liposomes enhances the efficacy of anti PD-1 therapy in a mouse model of melanoma.

Background: Targeting antigens to dendritic cells (DCs) via nanoparticles is a powerful strategy which improves the efficacy of ex vivo antigen-pulsed DC vaccines.

Methods: In this study, liposomes were first decorated with gp100 self-antigen and then characterized. Then, DCs were pulsed ex vivo with liposomal gp100 and injected subcutaneously in mice bearing B16F10 established melanoma tumors in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy.

in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Background & Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and uniformly fatal interstitial lung disease with incompletely understood pathogenesis. Several studies have given the evidence for and against viral cofactors in the pathogenesis of Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this study (EBV) and (HHV-8) have been studied for a possible role in the pathogenesis of IPF.

Rosuvastatin suppresses cytokine production and lung inflammation in asthmatic, hyperlipidemic and asthmatic-hyperlipidemic rat models.

Background: Given the role that T lymphocytes play on the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, drugs targeting Th2 and Th17 cells may be a hopeful therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin treatment on cytokine production and lung inflammation in allergic asthma.

Methods: The animals were assigned into control (C), asthmatic (A), hyperlipidemic (H), asthmatic-hyperlipidemic (AH), rosuvastatin (40 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally, for 3 weeks)-treated asthmatic (AR), rosuvastatin-treated hyperlipidemic (HR) and rosuvastatin-treated asthmatic-hyperlipidemic (AHR) groups (n = 6 in each group).

The Relationship Between Fibroblastic Growth Factor Receptor-1 (FGFR1) Gene Amplification in Triple Negative Breast Carcinomas and Clinicopathological Prognostic Factors.

Background & Objective: In Triple-Negative Breast Cancers (TNBCs), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2/neu genes are not expressed. Fibroblastic Growth Factor Receptor-1 (FGFR1) gene product is a protein that acts as a receptor of thyrosin kinase. It plays a role in the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of malignant cells.

Vascular Mimicry Expression in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; A New Technique for Prospect of Aggressiveness.

Background & Objective: In vascular (vasculogenic) mimicry (VM), tumoral cells mimic the endothelial cells and form the extracellular matrix-rich tubular networks. It has been proposed that VM is more extensive in aggressive tumors. This study was designed to investigate the rate of VM expression in the stromal cells of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and to find its relationship with other clinicopathological factors.

Evaluation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Association with Clinical-Pathological Factors in Malignant Melanoma.

Background And Objective: The primary goal of this study is to develop a rigorous understanding of the correlation between COX-2 expression and malignant melanoma prognostic factors.

Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 60 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma. The related stained slides were reviewed by two pathologists.

Aminoguanidine affects systemic and lung inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats.

Background: Nitric oxide is a mediator of potential importance in numerous physiological and inflammatory processes in the lung. Aminoguanidine (AG) has been shown to have anti-inflammation and radical scavenging properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AG, an iNOS inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic and lung inflammation in rats.

Overexpression of cancer-testis antigen melanoma-associated antigen A1 in lung cancer: A novel biomarker for prognosis, and a possible target for immunotherapy.

Aim: We investigated melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGE-A1) expression in lung cancer tissues and its correlation with prognostic factors.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, samples from 101 patients with lung cancer were obtained between 2007 and 2014 and stained for MAGE-A1 by immunohistochemistry. Correlation with prognostic factors was assessed by t test, and χ , and Pearson's tests.

Evaluation of CD30/CD4/CD8 in triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma of breast in association with clinicopathological prognostic factors.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the benefits of receptor-targeted therapeutic strategies. The limitations in treatment options along with poor patients' outcome heighten the need for novel approaches. Due to recent concentration on the role of biomarkers in prognosis, treatment, and survival of various cancer subtypes, this study involves an investigation of CD4, CD8, and CD30 markers detected by immunohistochemistry in TNBCs and their association with clinicopathological and prognostic factors.

Evaluation of photoshop based image analysis in cytologic diagnosis of pleural fluid in comparison with conventional modalities.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the results of digital image analysis in pleural effusion cytology samples with conventional modalities.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 53 pleural fluid cytology smears from Qaem hospital pathology department, located in Mashhad, Iran were investigated. Prior to digital analysis, all specimens were evaluated by two pathologists and categorized into three groups as: benign, suspicious, and malignant.

Beneficial Effects of Selective Orexin-A Receptor Antagonist in 4-aminopyridine-induced Seizures in Male Rats.

Background: Orexins are excitatory neuropeptides which stimulate the central regulatory pathways. Orexins increase the penicillin-induced epileptic activity in rats. Orexin-A increases in different types of seizures and its elevated level is the characteristic feature in the epileptic children during polysomnography.

Evaluation of Subclinical Extension of Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy with increasing incidence worldwide. The tumor invades surrounding tissues in an irregular pattern via subclinical and microscopic finger-like growths known as subclinical extension. Subclinical extension may be responsible for incomplete resection of the tumor.

Kidney stone formation and antioxidant effects of decoction in male Wistar rats.

Objectives: The antioxidant capacity impairs in kidney and urinary bladder of animals with stone disease. Herbal medicine can improve the antioxidant condition of renal tissue. () is a medicinal plant with antioxidative and diuretic properties and different preparations of this plant have shown promising effects in stone disease.