Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, enabling tumor cells to adapt to and exploit their microenvironment for sustained growth. The liver is a common site of metastasis, but the interactions between tumor cells and hepatocytes remain poorly understood. In the context of liver metastasis, these interactions play a crucial role in promoting tumor survival and progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: We report for the first time a case of a postpubertal patient presenting with a metastatic prepubertal-type testicular teratoma.
Case Discussion: A 29-year-old male with a history of corrected unilateral cryptorchidism presented with progressive bilateral lower extremity edema. Imaging revealed an inferior vena cava thrombus associated with a complex mass.
Background: Translating innovative research advancements into commercially viable medical interventions presents well-known challenges. However, there is limited understanding of how specific patient, clinical, social, and legal complexities have further complicated and delayed the development of new and effective interventions for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). We present the following case studies to provide introductory clinical, social, and business insights for researchers, medical professionals, and entrepreneurs who are considering or are currently developing medical.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe National Association of Emergency Medical Services Physicians (NAEMSP), American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), and American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) believe that evidence-based, pragmatic, and collaborative protocols addressing the care of patients with traumatic out-of-hospital circulatory arrest (TOHCA) are needed to optimize patient outcomes and clinician safety. When the etiology of arrest is unclear, particularly without clear signs of life-threatening trauma, standard basic and advanced cardiac life support (BCLS/ACLS) treatments for medical cardiac arrest is appropriate. Traumatic circulatory arrest may result from massive hemorrhage, airway obstruction, obstructive shock, respiratory disturbances, cardiogenic causes or massive head trauma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2024
This paper investigates the genetic correlations between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Gender Dysphoria (GD) using network science techniques applied to data from the National Institute of Health's All of Us research program. Despite extensive research on the genetic etiology of ASD and the phenotypic overlaps between ASD and GD, a genetic component linking the two has not been explored thoroughly. Our study addresses this gap by integrating phenotypic data and genetic variations, specifically single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), to construct a network graph that reveals potential genetic intersections between these conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA dire need exists for novel drugs to treat infection. In an effort to build on our early efforts targeting the MenG enzyme within the menaquinone biosynthetic pathway, we have pursued the optimization of diaryl amide JSF-2911 to address its poor metabolic stability and modest potency. A hit evolution campaign focused on modification of the amine substructure within this hit compound, resulting in a range of analogues that have been profiled extensively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ability to prevent bacterial adhesion on surfaces and to facilitate the removal of bacteria once they have already contaminated or colonized a surface is important in a broad range of fundamental and applied contexts. The work reported here sought to characterize the physicochemical properties of a family of biocide-free hydrophobic polyurethane coatings containing polysiloxane segments and evaluate their ability to mitigate bacterial fouling and/or facilitate subsequent surface cleaning after exposure to pathogenic bacteria. We developed benchtop microbiological assays to characterize surface fouling and subsequent removal of bacteria after repeated (i) short-term intermittent physical contact with and (ii) longer-term continuous flow-based contact with liquid growth media containing either or , two common Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotPie, HippoPololi and BillDoor are bacteriophages with siphoviral morphologies that were isolated from soil in North Carolina using . The three phages are all grouped in the CT cluster, with genomes of 48182 bp, 45423 bp, and 44875 bp, respectively, and are predicted to be lytic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease is diagnosed based on motor symptoms, but non-motor symptoms of the disease, such as cognitive impairment, autonomic dysfunction, hyposmia, sleep disorders, and psychiatric disorders heavily impact patient and caregiver quality of life. It has proven challenging to faithfully reproduce and quantify these non-motor phenotypes. Indeed, many non-motor signs in animals that may phenotypically resemble features in patients may be caused by different mechanisms or may not be consistent within the same or similar models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Addition of the PCSK9 inhibitor, evolocumab, to statin therapy promoted coronary plaque stabilization after an acute coronary syndrome. While apolipoprotein B (ApoB) has been proposed as a goal for lipid-lowering therapy in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, its association with plaque stability has not been studied.
Methods: The High-Resolution Assessment of Coronary Plaques in a Global Evolocumab Randomized Study (HUYGENS) used serial optical coherence tomography to assess coronary plaque phenotypes in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with evolocumab plus statin or placebo plus statin for 52 weeks.
Background: Intra-articular corticosteroid (IACS) injection and peri-articular corticosteroid injection are commonly used to treat musculoskeletal conditions. Results vary by musculoskeletal region, but most studies report short-term benefit with mixed results on long-term relief. Publications showed adverse events from single corticosteroid injections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: It is unclear what volume of whole blood (WB) a center may need to maintain an adequate inventory. This study aimed to determine the current WB requirements, using the military concept of WB equivalent (WBE), across different levels of trauma centers.
Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program database (2017-2018), including adult (≥16 ys) trauma patients who received massive transfusions.
Introduction: This qualitative study explored patients' experiences and perceptions of the SCOPE2 trial. The trial studied radiotherapy dose escalation in patients with inoperable oesophageal cancer treated with definitive chemo-radiation. SCOPE2 embedded a phase II trial for patients with a poor early response using positron emission tomography (PET) scans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To determine 1) associations among ultrasound (US) features of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), radiographic KOA (rKOA), and patient-reported symptoms, and 2) diagnostic accuracy of US definitions for rKOA, in a community-based cohort.
Methods: Participants enrolled in the Johnston County Health Study (JoCoHS, 2019-24, n=902) provided demographics, comorbidities, clinical features and symptoms, along with imaging with standardized acquisition and scoring protocols. Logistic regression models provided odds ratios adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), education level, comorbidities, and knee injury for associations among US features and KOA outcomes.
Background: The increasing population of older adults presents unique challenges in trauma care due to their reduced physiologic reserve compared to younger patients. Trauma-induced hemorrhage remains a leading cause of mortality, yet there is a significant gap in the optimal management of hemodynamically unstable older adults. This review aims to synthesize current literature on resuscitation strategies, coagulopathy, triage, and the impact of timely interventions in older adult trauma patients experiencing hemorrhagic shock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe National Association of Emergency Medical Services Physicians (NAEMSP), American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), and American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) believe that evidence-based, pragmatic, and collaborative protocols addressing the care of patients with traumatic out-of-hospital circulatory arrest (TOHCA) are needed to optimize patient outcomes and clinician safety. When the etiology of arrest is unclear, particularly without clear signs of life-threatening trauma, standard basic and advanced cardiac life support (BCLS/ACLS) treatments for medical cardiac arrest are appropriate. Traumatic circulatory arrest may result from massive hemorrhage, airway obstruction, obstructive shock, respiratory disturbances, cardiogenic causes, or massive head trauma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system where pathogenic autoantibodies target the water channel aquaporin-4 on human astrocytes causing neurological impairment. Autoantibody binding leads to complement-dependent and complement-independent cytotoxicity, ultimately resulting in astrocyte death, demyelination, and neuronal loss. Aquaporin-4 assembles in astrocyte plasma membranes as symmetric tetramers or as arrays of tetramers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug discovery is inherently challenged by a multiple criteria decision making problem. The arduous path from hit discovery through lead optimization and preclinical candidate selection necessitates the evolution of a plethora of molecular properties. In this study, we focus on the hit discovery phase while beginning to address multiple criteria critical to the development of novel therapeutics to treat infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaintaining consistent quality in biopharmaceutical manufacturing is essential for producing high-quality complex biologics. Yet, current process analytical technologies (PAT) struggle to achieve rapid and highly accurate monitoring of small molecule critical process parameters and critical quality attributes. While Raman spectroscopy holds great promise as a highly sensitive and specific bioanalytical tool for PAT applications, its conventional implementation, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), is constrained by considerable temporal and spatial intensity fluctuations, limiting the achievable reproducibility and reliability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStargardt disease is an inherited retinopathy affecting approximately 1:8000 individuals. It is characterised by biallelic variants in ABCA4 which encodes a vital protein for the recycling of retinaldehydes in the retina. Despite its prevalence and impact, there are currently no treatments available for this condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWildfires, which are increasing in frequency and severity with climate change, reduce soil microbial biomass and alter microbial community composition and function. The soil microbiome plays a vital role in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, but its complexity makes it challenging to predict post-wildfire soil microbial dynamics and resulting impacts on ecosystem biogeochemistry. The application of biogeochemically relevant conceptual trait-based frameworks to the soil microbiome can distill this complexity, enabling enhanced predictability of soil microbiome recovery following wildfire and subsequent impacts to biogeochemical cycles.
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