Longitudinal Assessment of FT3 to FT4 Conversion Ratio in Predicting the Efficacy of First-Line Pembrolizumab-Based Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity-Score Matching Analysis of Data from the National Drug Monitoring Agency.

Baseline thyroid function, as measured by the fT3 to fT4 ratio, has been shown to influence the prognosis of advanced cancer patients receiving active treatments. Although immune checkpoint blockade can alter the balance of thyroid hormones, this interaction has not been thoroughly investigated. The present research sought to determine whether changes in the fT3/fT4 ratio could affect the survival outcomes of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were undergoing pembrolizumab-based therapies.

Long-Term Complete Response and Survival in Metastatic Extramammary Paget's Disease Treated With Trastuzumab Plus Paclitaxel: A Case Report.

Extramammary Paget's disease is a rare skin cancer that usually arises from the secretory cells of the apocrine glands. In most cases, an extramammary Paget's tumor occurs as a single intraepithelial form not associated with another cancer, although rarely, it may be associated with other loco-regional or distant cancer. It is generally slow-growing and diagnosed in situ.

Early Changes in LIPI Score Predict Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients on Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

In advanced cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint blockade, the burden of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) is high. The need for reliable biomarkers for irAEs remains unfulfilled in this expanding therapeutic field. The lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) is a noninvasive measure of systemic inflammation that has consistently shown a correlation with survival in various cancer types when assessed at baseline.

Herpes zoster after the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in actively treated cancer patients: a prospective study.

Several concerns have been raised about a causal relationship between COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines and the development of herpes zoster (HZ). We performed a prospective analysis of the Vax-On-Third-Profile study to investigate the incidence of HZ after the third dose of mRNA-BNT162b2 (tozinameran) and its correlation with immune responses. Patients who had received a booster dose and had been actively treated for at least 8 weeks were eligible.

Immune responses and clinical outcomes following the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in advanced breast cancer patients receiving targeted therapies: a prospective study.

Purpose: Metastatic breast cancer patients are the most prevalent oncology population with advanced disease facing COVID-19 pandemic. Immune responses after mRNA-based vaccination during treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors or HER2-directed agents remain unclear. We conducted a prospective analysis to elucidate changes in antibody titers and lymphocyte counts following full course of mRNA-BNT162b2 (tozinameran) vaccination in recipients undergoing these targeted therapies.

Effects of Acetaminophen Exposure on Outcomes of Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

(1) Background: Several studies have investigated potential interactions between immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and commonly prescribed medications. Although acetaminophen (APAP) has not been considered susceptible to interaction with ICIs, recent research has shown that detectable plasma levels of this drug can hinder the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies. A reliable assessment of the potential interaction between APAP and ICIs in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients would be worthwhile since it is often prescribed in this condition.

Changes in Peripheral Immune Cells after the Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 Vaccine and Disease Outcomes in Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Prospective Analysis of the Vax-on-Third-Profile Study.

Background: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines can deeply affect cell-mediated immune responses in immunocompromised recipients, including cancer patients receiving active treatments. The clinical implications of changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets following the third dose of mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccination (tozinameran) in patients on immune checkpoint blockade are not fully understood. We conducted a prospective analysis of the Vax-On-Third-Profile study to evaluate the impact of circulating lymphocyte dynamics on disease outcomes in this subgroup of patients.

Pathologic response and survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without pertuzumab in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer: the Neopearl nationwide collaborative study.

Purpose: Clinical trials have shown a significant increase in pathologic complete response (pCR) with the addition of pertuzumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with early-stage HER-2 positive breast cancer. To date, limited studies have examined comparative outcomes of neoadjuvant pertuzumab in real-world setting. The Neopearl study aimed to assess comparative real-life efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pertuzumab for these patients.

Immune-related adverse events and disease outcomes after the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: The clinical implications of the third dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors are currently unknown. We performed a prospective analysis of the Vax-On-Third study to investigate the effects of antibody response on immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and disease outcomes.

Methods: Recipients of the booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine who had received at least one course of an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment before vaccination for an advanced solid malignancy were eligible.

Effects of Antibody Response after Booster Vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections and Disease Outcomes in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Prospective Analysis of the Vax-on-Third Study.

(1) Background: The clinical implications of COVID-19 outbreaks following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunocompromised recipients are a worldwide concern. Cancer patients on active treatment remain at an increased risk of developing breakthrough infections because of waning immunity and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants. There is a paucity of data on the effects of COVID-19 outbreaks on long-term survival outcomes in this population.

Dynamic changes in peripheral lymphocytes and antibody response following a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of circulating lymphocytes profiling with antibody response in cancer patients receiving the third dose of COVID-19 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood was used to determine absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets, alongside detection of IgG antibodies against receptor-binding-domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S1) before booster dosing (timepoint-1) and four weeks afterward (timepoint-2). An IgG titer ≥ 50 AU/mL defined a positive seroconversion response.

Real-Life Experience of the Prognostic Significance of the Primary Tumor Location on the Timing of Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background Numerous research studies have looked into how the primary tumor location (PTL) affects patients' prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC). Our research aimed to investigate the prognostic effects of PTL in patients with synchronous (SM) and metachronous (MM) colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Material and methods From 2016 to 2021, we looked back at the records of patients at our institute who were affected by CRCLM.

Dynamic Changes of Peripheral NK Cells Predict Outcome in Patients with PD-L1 Positive Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors as Second-line Therapy.

We evaluated immune cell frequencies in peripheral blood samples of 41 NSCLC patients before and after second-line therapy with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents. Changes in lymphocyte subsets and their correlation with clinical response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. We observed an increase in median values of all lymphocyte subsets, being significant only for NK cells.

Peripheral lymphocyte subset counts predict antibody response after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in cancer patients: Results from the Vax-On-Profile study.

Background: The adaptive immune response following COVID-19 vaccination is essential for humoral immunogenicity and clinical protection against symptomatic infections. We present the results of circulating lymphocyte profiling and their correlation with antibody response in cancer patients tested serologically six months after receiving a two-dose schedule of mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine.

Methods: Absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets were determined using peripheral blood immunophenotyping.

Immune-related Thyroid Dysfunction (irTD) in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Correlates With Response and Survival.

Background: There is no clear information on the proportion of patients who need therapy for immune-related thyroid dysfunction (irTD) or who need to delay, omit, or discontinue immunotherapy. Furthermore, it is not well known whether irTD correlates with better outcomes or not.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1.

[Management of small cell lung cancer patient in the regions of Lazio, Umbria and Sardinia.].

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease, difficult to treat. There have been no significant therapeutic advances over platinum and etoposide chemotherapy in the last 20 years until the introduction of immunotherapy. In 2020 atezolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor against PD-L1 was approved in Italy in combination with carboplatin and etoposide for the first-line treatment of patients with extensive stage disease (ES-SCLC), becoming the new standard treatment.

[Target therapies in translocated ALK lung cancer: treatment management in oncology center of Lazio.].

Lung cancer is a disease extremely heterogeneous in the molecular aspect and knowing the mutational profile of patients is essential in order to initiate the most appropriate treatment. In 2018, alectinib was approved in Italy for the first-line treatment of patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), becoming a new therapeutic option for this patient group which constitutes approximately 3-7% of patients with NSCLC. On October 26th a virtual meeting was held in which 10 clinicians from various oncology centers in Lazio took part on the management of therapy of patients with Alk translocation, directed by Dr.

Long-term outcome of pemetrexed maintenance for advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer: a real-world observational cohort study.

Introduction: Pemetrexed maintenance significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients not progressing after induction chemotherapy.

Objectives: This study is aimed at examine the association of various clinical factor and survival in a real-world cohort analysis.

Materials And Methods: One hundred ninety-four patients were included and classified as "PM" cohort ("Pemetrexed Maintenance", including patients given with pemetrexed maintenance after induction chemotherapy, n=112), and "noPM" cohort ("no Pemetrexed Maintenance" including those discontinuing pemetrexed, n=82).

[Immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients: back to the future.].

With the advent of immunotherapy, the life expectancy of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is dramatically improved. As described in the most recent clinical trials, the addition of immunotherapy to the available therapeutic strategies, restoring an efficient immune response against neoplasms and establishing an immunological memory, is able to improve both patient's survival and quality of life. This paved the way for new therapeutic algorithms, new combination strategies, as well as the possible use of adoptive immunotherapy.

Correlation of Tumor Location to Clinical Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer: A Single-institution Retrospective Analysis.

Background/aim: Recent data highlighted that location of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) may have a prognostic impact and also a predictive value of the outcomes of first-line therapy.

Materials And Methods: The records of mCRC patients who underwent first-line therapy from 2011 to April 2018 at our Institute were retrospectively reviewed. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR) according to the primary tumor location were investigated.

Cisplatin-Based First-Line Treatment of Elderly Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Joint Analysis of MILES-3 and MILES-4 Phase III Trials.

Purpose To test the efficacy of adding cisplatin to first-line treatment for elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) within a combined analysis of two parallel phase III trials, MILES-3 and MILES-4. Patients and Methods Patients with advanced NSCLC who were older than age 70 years with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 1 were randomly assigned to gemcitabine or pemetrexed, without or with cisplatin. In each trial, 382 events were required to detect a hazard ratio (HR) of death of 0.

Adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy in early breast cancer: what factors lead patients to discontinue treatment?

Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are standard hormone therapy (HT) for the adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal endocrine-sensitive early breast cancer. Treatment discontinuation due to toxicity is an important issue that may help clinicians identify effective clinical interventions to allow adequate treatment duration. We reviewed the main reasons for interruption of AIs at our institution from 2006 to 2009.

Epirubicin and docetaxel as first-line treatment for hormonal receptor positive metastatic breast cancer: the predictive value of luminal subtype: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of first-line epirubicin and docetaxel in patients with metastatic, hormonal receptor (HR)-positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative breast cancer. A subgroup analysis evaluated the predictive value of immunohistochemistry-defined luminal subtype.

Methods: We included patients with at least one visceral and measurable site of metastatic disease.