Ranolazine antagonizes catecholamine-induced dysfunction in isolated cardiomyocytes, but lacks long-term therapeutic effects in vivo in a mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Aims: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is often accompanied by increased myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity and diastolic dysfunction. Recent findings indicate increased late Na(+) current density in human HCM cardiomyocytes. Since ranolazine has the potential to decrease myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity and late Na(+) current, we investigated its effects in an Mybpc3-targeted knock-in (KI) mouse model of HCM.

Enhanced late INa induces proarrhythmogenic SR Ca leak in a CaMKII-dependent manner.

Objective: Enhanced late Na current (late INa) induces Na-dependent Ca overload as well as proarrhythmogenic events on the cellular level that include spatio-temporally uncoordinated diastolic Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs). The Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) gets activated upon increases in [Ca]i and mediates diastolic SR Ca leak as well as DADs.

Rationale: We hypothesized that increased late INa (in disease-comparable ranges) exerts proarrhythmogenic events in isolated ventricular mouse myocytes in a manner depending on CaMKII-dependent SR Ca leak.