A meta-analysis investigating the outcomes and correlation between heart rate variability biofeedback training on depressive symptoms and heart rate variability outcomes versus standard treatment in comorbid adult populations.

Background And Aim: Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) has previously been used to ameliorate depressive symptoms but its uses for tackling depressive symptoms in an array of comorbid adult patients is less established. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether HRVB is a useful tool to reduce depressive symptoms and improve HRV relative to standard treatment in adult comorbid populations, while also attempting to establish the association between the two outcomes.

Methods: An extensive literature review was conducted using several databases including PubMed, Cinahl, Medline, Web of science and clinical.

The Effect of Aerobic Fitness on Psychological, Attentional and Physiological Responses during a Tabata High-Intensity Interval Training Session in Healthy Young Women.

The current study examines the effects of a Tabata high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session on affective, cognitive and physiological indicators in women of different fitness levels. A total of 28 adult women (aged 24.2 ± 1.

Children's Involvement in Different Sport Types Differentiates Their Motor Competence but Not Their Executive Functions.

Sports provide a context where important aspects of children's health, such as motor skills and cognitive functions, can be enhanced. However, it is unknown which type of sport may be better for the development of motor competence (MC) and executive functions (EFs). This study investigated potential differences in MC and EFs in boys and girls, being involved in different types of sports (team, individual open skill, individual closed skill).

Re-injury worry, confidence and attention as predictors of a sport re-injury during a competitive season.

Rehabilitation from sport injury involves not only physical, but also psychological considerations. Re-injury worry, confidence and attention are characteristics that may affect athletes' returning to competition after a sport injury. The study aimed to describe the predictive ability of the re-injury worry, confidence, and attention to the total of re-injuries at the new competitive season.

Hypoxia Worsens Affective Responses and Feeling of Fatigue During Prolonged Bed Rest.

Previous research, although limited, suggests that both hypoxia and bed rest influence psychological responses by exaggerating negative psychological responses and attenuating positive emotions. The present study investigated the effect of a 21-day prolonged exposure to normobaric hypoxia and bed rest on affective responses and fatigue. Eleven healthy participants underwent three 21-day interventions using a cross-over design: (1) normobaric hypoxic ambulatory confinement (HAMB), (2) normobaric hypoxic bed rest (HBR) and (3) normoxic bed rest (NBR).

Hypoxia Exacerbates Negative Emotional State during Inactivity: The Effect of 21 Days Hypoxic Bed Rest and Confinement.

Hypoxia and confinement have both been shown to influence emotional state. It is envisaged that the inhabitants of future planetary habitats will be exposed to concomitant confinement, reduced gravity and hypoxia. We examined the independent and combined effects of a 21-day inactivity/unloading and normobaric hypoxia under confined conditions on various psychological factors.

Absorption in Sport: A Cross-Validation Study.

Absorption has been identified as readiness for experiences of deep involvement in the task. Conceptually, absorption is a key psychological construct, incorporating experiential, cognitive, and motivational components. Although, no operationalization of the construct has been provided to facilitate research in this area, the purpose of this research was the development and examination of the psychometric properties of a sport-specific measure of absorption that evolved from the use of the modified Tellegen Absorption Scale (MODTAS; Jamieson, 2005) in mainstream psychology.

Neighborhood environment, physical activity, and quality of life in adults: Intermediary effects of personal and psychosocial factors.

Background: Studies have indicated that there is a positive and indirect relationship between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QoL). The current study examined this relationship through a social cognitive model with consideration to the intermediary effects of exercise self-efficacy, and physical (PCS, physical component summary) and psychological (MCS, mental component summary) health. Additionally, this model was widened to include concepts from the ecological theory, and any causal associations among neighborhood environment, PA, and QoL.

The Examination of the Effects of Writing Strategy-Based Procedural Facilitative Environments on Students' English Foreign Language Writing Anxiety Levels.

Empirical studies have shown that anxiety and negative emotion can hinder language acquisition. The present study implemented a writing instructional model so as to investigate its effects on the writing anxiety levels of English Foreign Language learners. The study was conducted with 177 participants, who were administered the Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI; Cheng, 2004) that assesses somatic, cognitive and behavioral anxiety, both at baseline and following the implementation of a writing instructional model.

Severe hypoxia during incremental exercise to exhaustion provokes negative post-exercise affects.

The post-exercise emotional response is mainly dependent on the intensity of the exercise performed; moderate exercise causes positive feelings, whereas maximal exercise may prompt negative affects. Acute hypoxia impairs peak O2 uptake (V̇O2peak), resulting in a shift to a lower absolute intensity at the point of exhaustion. Hence, the purpose of the study was to examine whether a severe hypoxic stimulus would influence the post-exercise affective state in healthy lowlanders performing an incremental exercise to exhaustion.

Flow theory - goal orientation theory: positive experience is related to athlete's goal orientation.

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between flow experience and goal orientation theory, as well as, the differences in flow experience based on the orthogonal model of goal orientation theory. Two hundred and seventy eight athletes completed the Task and Ego Orientation Sport Questionnaire based on how they usually feel. The challenge and skills ratings were completed 1 h before the competition, based on how they felt at the exact time of answering.

Psychological strain: examining the effect of hypoxic bedrest and confinement.

The aim was to assess the effect of a 10-day exposure to the environmental stressors anticipated in future lunar habitats on indices of psychological strain. In addition to the reduced gravity of the Moon, future habitats on the Moon will likely maintain a hypobaric hypoxic environment. The hypobaric environment will eliminate the need for long decompression profiles prior to each extra-vehicular activity.

Validity and reliability of Greek versions of two scales assessing family and friend support for exercise behaviour.

This study examined the validity and reliability of Greek versions of two scales assessing family and friend support for exercise behaviour. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were performed in a sample of 360 students. Additionally, CFAs were applied in a second sample of 726 physically active adults.

The effect of treadmill training on gross motor function and walking speed in ambulatory adolescents with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a treadmill program on gross motor function, walking speed, and spasticity of ambulatory adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy (diplegia and tetraplegia).

Design: In this randomized controlled trial, 22 adolescents (13-19 yrs old) from a special school for children with physical disabilities were randomly allocated to the experimental and control training groups. The experimental training group underwent a treadmill program without body weight support at a comfortable speed.

Development and validation of the attention questionnaire of rehabilitated athletes returning to competition.

The present study describes the development and validation of an instrument designed to examine athletes' selective attention returning to competition following a musculoskeletal injury--the attention questionnaire of rehabilitated athletes returning to competition (AQ-RARC). Using a sample of 186 rehabilitated athletes, exploratory factor analysis revealed a 10-item model that examines functional attention and distraction attention. Confirmatory factor analysis further supported the factorial validity of the AQ-RARC with another sample of 184 rehabilitated athletes.

The effect of physiotherapy-based breathing retraining on asthma control.

Background: The mechanism of the breathing retraining effect on asthma control is not adequately based on evidence.

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of physiotherapy-based breathing retraining on asthma control and on asthma physiological indices across time.

Study Design: A 6-month controlled study was conducted.

Validity and reliability evidence of the Asthma Control Test--ACT in Greece.

Background: The dimensionality of the Asthma Control Test (ACT) was examined in two counterview studies. Up to now, the ACT has not been validated for the Greek asthma patients.

Objective: The present study was designed to examine the validity and reliability of the ACT responses in Greek asthma outpatients under a specialist's care.

Intensity and direction dimensions of competitive state anxiety: a time-to-event approach.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the temporally patterned changes in intensity and direction of competitive state anxiety prior to and during competition as well as correlations among intensity and direction on the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2D subscale scores. 99 athletes completed the inventory one day before and an hour before the competition, based on how they felt during that time, and 30 min. after the competition with reference to how they felt during the competition.