The presence of polymorphisms in genes controlling neurotransmitter metabolism and disease prognosis in patients with prostate cancer: a possible link with schizophrenia.

Polymorphisms of neurotransmitter metabolism genes were studied in patients with prostate cancer (PC) characterized by either reduced or extended serum prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) corresponding to unfavorable and favorable disease prognosis respectively. The 'unfavorable prognosis' group (40 cases) was defined by PSADT ≤ 2 months, whereas patients in the 'favorable prognosis' group (67 cases) had PSADT ≥ 30 months. The following gene polymorphisms known to be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders were investigated: a) the STin2 VNTR in the serotonin transporter gene; b) the 30-bp VNTR in the monoamine oxidase A gene; c) the Val158Met polymorphism in the catechol-ortho-methyltransferase gene; d) the promoter region C-521T polymorphism and the 48 VNTR in the third exon of the dopamine receptor gene.

Melatonin increases overall survival of prostate cancer patients with poor prognosis after combined hormone radiation treatment.

Background: The antitumor and immunomodulating activities of melatonin are widely known. These activities are based upon the multifactorial mechanism of action on various links of carcinogenesis. In the present paper, the long-term results of the clinical use of melatonin in the combined treatment of patients with prostate cancer of various risk groups were evaluated.

Prognostic value of tumor growth kinetic parameters in prostate cancer patients.

The goal of this paper was to estimate the predictive value of kinetic parameters of tumor growth in 109 prostatic cancer (PCa) patients with the morphologically verified diagnosis. The cell loss factor, calculated on the basis of Ki-67 values, and the PSA doubling time, proved to be an important prognostic parameter. A cumulative comparative analysis of these criteria, depending on the prevalence of the tumor process, indicates that the level of cell loss significantly decreases with increasing tumor stage ( = 1*10), and the growth rate of the tumor significantly increases ( = 1*10).

[Longevity and some reasons of death of musicians of the XX century.].

Data on lifespan and some reasons of musicians' death of the XX century are presented in this article. The mean age of death (MAD) in male musicians (n=20 218) was 67,8 years, whereas the MAD in female ones was 71,5 years. «Classic» musicians both men and women lived longer than jazz, pop and variety music performing musicians (6,3 and 9,7 years longer respectively) and much longer then rock musicians (21,7 and 30,7 years longer, respectively).

[Prediction of life expectancy for prostate cancer patients based on the kinetic theory of aging of living systems].

The article presents a methodical approach for prediction of life expectancy for people diagnosed with prostate cancer based on the kinetic theory of aging of living systems. The life expectancy is calculated by solving the differential equation for the rate of aging for three different stage of life - «normal» life, life with prostate cancer and life after combination therapy for prostate cancer. The mathematical model of aging for each stage of life has its own parameters identified by the statistical analysis of healthcare data from the Zharinov's databank and Rosstat CDR NES databank.

Pretreatment prostate specific antigen doubling time as prognostic factor in prostate cancer patients.

Despite the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum level commonly uses as tumor marker in diagnosis of prostate cancer, it seems that PSA doubling time (PSADT) could be more useful indicator of tumor behavior and of prognosis for patients. The results of hormone and radiation therapy were evaluated for 912 prostate cancer having at least 2 PSA tests before the treatment was started. Clustering procedure (selection of homogenous group) was performed by using PSADT as the classification marker.

[Modification of radiosensitivity in maignant and normal tissues during radiotherapy of malignant neoplasms].

The results of treatment of cancer patients have not undergone any significant changes in recent years. This is due to the fact that opportunities to improve the outcomes by developing radiation therapy equipment and op- timizing the dose delivery are largely exhausted. However, there is a proven, but practically not utilized way--the use of radiomodifiers.

[Soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor and lipid metabolism as potential prognostic factors in patients with prostate cancer].

There was investigated the relationship of lipid metabolism, humoral immunity, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble receptors for TNF-alpha with the presence, severity and prognosis of the disease in 85 patients with morphologically verified diagnosis of prostate cancer. Connection with the dynamics of change in PSA as a major predictor of the disease was observed for concentration sRI and sRII to TNF, PSA baseline, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. During follow-up the relative risk of poor prognosis increased by 3 times, and death-in 8.

[Clinical and prognostic significance of the doubling time of initial prostate-specific antigen in patients with prostate cancer].

Unlabelled: Kinetic parameters of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) play a pivotal role in diagnostic and treatment of patients with prostate cancer (PCr). Assessment of PSA doubling time (PSADT) can be used for monitoring of treatment efficacy and predicting the outcomes of disease. The aim of the present paper is to analyze the PSADT in patients with different spread of PCr.

[Survival among patients with prostate cancer after distant radiotherapy and low-intensity near-infrared phototherapy].

The paper discusses the effect of photography with near-infrared photography on survival of patients with prostate cancer (PC) after distant radio- (DRT) and hormonal therapy (January 2000 - June 2007). The control group (n=251) were treated with standard radio- and hormonal therapy alone. Besides, patients of the study group (n=308) received phototherapeutic treatment to prevent radiation-induced injuries of the urinary bladder and rectum.

[Some kinetic characteristics of cervical cancer].

Proliferation parameters such as mitotic index, tumor growth rate and cell loss were identified in 1,048 squamous cervical carcinoma patients treated at the Center's Clinic (1951-1996). Mitotic indices ranged 0.2-5.

[Main results of research reported by the Center's Department of Innovation in Radiotherapy].

The efficacy of multimodality conservative treatment for prostate and bladder cancer and cervical carcinoma was improved due to integration of such modem modalities as intra-arterial chemotherapy, local hyperthermia and hyperglycemia and combination of local and systemic radiomodifiers. Our methods use criteria of actual survival and are intended to raise it.

[Immunohistochemical study of the predictive value of oncoproteins p53, HER-2 and c-myc during radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix].

Out of 80 patients with squamous cell cervical carcinoma (stage II-III), p53 expression was observed in 30% of tumors prior to treatment and 49% in the course of radiotherapy. A correlation between degree of p53 expression before treatment, on the one hand, and overall and recurrence-free survival, on the other, was identified: high expression of mutated gene-suppressor p53 was 53% while for absence or low expression, it rose to 67% (p=0.03).

[Ki-67 expression as a predictor of the effectiveness of radiotherapy and of outcome in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (immunohistochemical study)].

Retrospective immunohistochemical assay of antigen Ki-67 in tumor tissue was carried out prior to and in the course of radiotherapy (TFD - 14-20Gy) in 89 patients with squamous cervical carcinoma. Index of proliferation, i.e.

[Local application of dimethyl sulfoxide at different concentrations to the prevention of radiation-induced damages in patient with cancer of the cervix uteri].

Objective: to study the efficacy of dimethyl sulfoxide ((DMSO) at different concentrations in preventing radiation-induced rectal and urinary bladder damages in patients with cervix uteri cancer (CUC).

Material And Methods: combined radiation therapy (RT) was performed in 807 patients with CUC. In the control group (n = 221), RT was made, without applying radio-modified agents.

[Combined use of local and systemic radiomodifiers as a new modality of cervical carcinoma therapy].

A cooperative study included 643 cervical carcinoma patients (stage II-III). Radiotherapy used such local and systemic radiomodifiers as DMSO-dissolved metronidazole, which inhibited allopurinol DNA reparations, and dipyridamol, an inductor of interferon synthesis. A 13-15% rise in survival matched the results of combined treatment for cervical carcinoma, yet the simplicity of operation, accessibility, high efficiency and stability of results of our modality made it quite competitive in therapy of the disease.

[Combined radiotherapy and endovascular x-ray therapy for invasive cancer of the urinary bladder].

The data are presented on treatment of 131 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Radiotherapy was received by 57, regional intraarterial chemotherapy (RIAT)--27. Radiotherapy was combined with RIAT and selective hyperglycemia (HG) in 18 cases.

[Arterial embolization in chronic hemorrhage from uterine neoplasms].

Transcatheter embolization of the internal iliac arteries because of chronic bleeding from unresectable carcinoma of the uterus was performed in 8 patients aged 36-67. Hemorrhage was brought under control in all cases by application of a spectrum of procedures: bilateral combined, distal and proximal occlusion using autoblood clots, Gelfoam, Ivalon and steel coils although there was one recurrence 5 months after treatment, no bleeding occurred during an 11 month-4 year follow-up. Trancatheter embolization proved effective in the management of chronic bleeding from unresectable carcinoma of the uterus.

[Results of modified radiotherapy in the treatment of patients with uterine cancer].

A ten year experience gained in radiotherapy with radio modifiers of 480 patients with cancer of the cervix uteri and of 189 ones with endometrial cancer carried out at the Central Research Roentgeno-Radiological Institute of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences is analyzed. Local administration of metromidasole with dimethysulfoxide essentially enhanced the detrimental effect of radiation on the tumor. This is reflected in a higher incidence of local control in radiotherapy of patients with cancer of the cervix and corpus uteri.