Hyperthyroid hypokalemic periodic paralysis.

Hyperthyroid periodic paralysis (HPP) is a rare life threatening complication of hyperthyroidism commonly occurring in young Asian males but sporadically found in other races. It is characterised by hypokalemia and acute onset paraparesis with prevalence of one in one hundred thousand (1 in 100000). The symptoms resolve promptly with potassium supplementation.

Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema.

Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema (RS3PE) is a rare clinical entity often mimicking more common diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Although the exact aetiology is not clear, yet it responds dramatically to low doses of steroids with excellent prognosis unlike RA and PMR. We report a case of 72 year old male agriculturist by profession presenting with acute polyarthritis and pitting oedema of both hands and feet as well as pretibial areas, diagnosed to be a case of RS3 PE.

Sturge Weber Syndrome--unusual presentation.

Sturge Weber Syndrome or encephalo-trigeminal angiomatosis is non-hereditary, congenital and rare disorder of unknown aetiology. It is characterised by vascular malformation with capillary venous angiomas involving face, eye and leptomeninges resulting in neurological and orbital manifestations. A case of 23 years old female presented with history of tonic-clonic convulsions, evidence of Port wine stain on face since birth, characteristic CT findings diagnosed as a case of Sturge Weber Syndrome is reported here for its rarity.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome presenting with seizures.

Hyperperfusion syndrome, previously known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), is a clinico- radiological entity with characteristic features on neuro-imaging. It is believed to be caused by vasogenic oedema, predominantly in the posterior cerebral hemispheres. We report the case of an elderly man who presented with convulsions and was diagnosed to have PRES due to hypertension.

Prevention of diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications upon treatment with antioxidants.

Oxidative stress is considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is invariably associated with abnormal blood lipid profile, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Stress, smoking, high saturated fat intake as well as low fruit and vegetable intakes have been shown to increase oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia, which increase the predisposition of diabetic subjects to atherosclerosis, stroke and coronary heart disease. The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein by oxidative stress is essential for the development of atherosclerosis, and the reduction in oxidative stress as well as blood glucose and cholesterol is considered critical for the prevention of diabetes-induced CVD.

Prevalence of obesity, physical inactivity and undernutrition, a triple burden of diseases during transition in a developing economy. The Five City Study Group.

Objective And Design: The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of overweight, obesity, undernutrition and physical activity status in the urban populations of India. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 6-12 urban streets in each of five cities in five different regions of India using a common study protocol and criteria of diagnosis.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 6940 subjects (3433 women and 3507 men) aged 25 years and above were randomly selected from the cities of Moradabad (n = 2002),Trivandrum (n = 1602), Calcutta (n = 900), Nagpur (n = 894) and Bombay (n = 1542).

Increased concentrations of lipoprotein(a), circadian rhythms and metabolic reactions evoked by acute myocardial infarction, associated with acute reactions in relation to large breakfasts.

Of 54 patients with acute coronary artery disease (CAD) that were included in this study, 41 patients had acute myocardial infarction (AMI), five patients possible MI, four patients unstable angina and the remaining four angina pectoris. The control subjects (n = 85) were randomly selected from the general population of the city of Moradabad of similar age range after exclusion for CAD (n = 9), diabetes (n = 6) and excess intake of trans fatty acids (n = 20). The incidence of lipoprotein(a) excess (> 30 mg/dl; 42.

Mechanisms of acute myocardial infarction study (MAMIS).

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a highly dynamic event, which is associated with marked neuroendocrinological dysfunction in addition to cardiac damage. The immediate trigger for AMI is not precisely known. Studies conducted by Lown, Braunwald, Halberg, Otsuka and our group have demonstrated a marked increase in sympathetic activity, oxidative stress, and magnesium and potassium deficiency during AMI.

How brain influences neuro-cardiovascular dysfunction.

Mechanisms that may explain the association between brain-heart connection leading to abnormal heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BVP) resulting into increased morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), are reviewed. Medline search till December, 2001 and articles published in various national and international journals were reviewed. Experts working in the field were also consulted.

Effect of coenzyme Q10 on risk of atherosclerosis in patients with recent myocardial infarction.

In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, the effects of oral treatment with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, 120 mg/day), a bioenergetic and antioxidant cytoprotective agent, were compared for 1 year, on the risk factors of atherosclerosis, in 73 (CoQ, group A) and 71 (B vitamin group B) patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). After 1 year, total cardiac events (24.6 vs.

A comparative evaluation of therapeutic effects of once a day dose of losartan potassium versus enalapril maleate in mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Hypertension is a major public health problem both in the developing and developed countries of the world and if untreated, can lead to various fatal complications like cerebral stroke, encephalopathy, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), renal failure and sudden cardiac death, etc. In the present study, a comparative evaluation was made between angiotensin-II receptor antagonists like losartan potassium (50 mg daily) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors like enalapril maleate (5 mg daily) in 100 patients (50 males and 50 females having 25-50 years of age) of mild to moderate essential hypertension with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 90-109 mmHg. Both the drugs were tried as monotherapy for their clinical efficacy, safety, tolerability and adverse effect profile in this open trial.

Multiple myeloma presenting as proptosis and sixth nerve palsy.

Cranial and intracranial locations are rare in multiple myeloma (MM). But their occurrence has a particular significance. Proptosis and 6th nerve palsy is very uncommon presentation.

Isolated tubercular splenic abscess.

Splenic abscess due to tuberculosis is extremely rare in immunocompetent individuals. We report a case of tubercular splenic abscess (TSA) in an immunocompetent individual for its rarity.