[Clinico-anatomic characteristics of pancreatic cancer].

340 autopsy cases of pancreatic carcinoma from hospitals of St. Petersburg (1990-1991) and Petrozavodsk (1981-1990) have been studied (male/female proportion 1.1:1).

[The clinico-morphological characteristics of cancer of the extrahepatic bile ducts (an analysis of 52 autopsy cases)].

Autopsy records have been analysed for 52 fatal cases of extrahepatic bile ducts cancer. Primary cancer most frequently involved common bile duct (37 cases). Histologically, skirr was found in 1 case, small-cell cancer in 1 case, adenocarcinoma in 50 cases.

[The use of spatial image filtration in the diagnosis of tumors and tumor-like processes of the jaws in children].

34 children were examined for tumours and tumor-like jaws diseases odontomas, giant cell tumours, fibrous osteodysplasias, epulides, eosinophilic granulomas. Roentgenograms and tomograms of the patients have undergone space filtration on the device for the DAR-2 roentgenogram analysis with separation of the upper and middle space frequencies of the picture. Space filtration separated features of the picture having differentially diagnostic meaning and characterizing the particularities of the tumour structure, it's bone border, alteration of the surrounding soft tissues.

[X-ray and morphological changes in fibrous osteodysplasias of the jaws in children].

Thirty-three children were examined operated on for histologically verified fibrous osteodysplasia. X-ray examinations of the maxilla and mandible were carried out in the nasofrontal and lateral projections, roentgenograms were made in the semiaxial and naso-forehead projections, and intraoral roentgenograms of the teeth and alveolar processes, orthopantomograms of the mandible, and linear tomograms were made. Five variants of an x-ray picture of fibrous dysplasia were distinguished which should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis.

[The gastrostoma in esophageal cancer: complications and the times and causes of fatal outcomes].

Data of esophageal cancer patients autopsies for 1977-1986 were collected from hospitals of Leningrad and Petrozavodsk and subjected to analysis. Gastrostomy had been carried out in 255 out of 847 (29.1%) cases studied.

[Iatrogenic pathology (on the basis of necropsy materials in Leningrad in 1988)].

The incidence of iatrogenic diseases on the basis of necropsy materials in Leningrad in 1988 is 1.2% (168 of 13928 necropsies). The categories (I, II, III) for the evaluation of the severity degree of iatrogenic diseases are suggested.

[The structure of iatrogenic diseases based on autopsy data from Moscow and Leningrad].

The occurrence and pattern of disorders attributed to diagnosis and treatment were assessed comparatively by autopsy findings obtained in Moscow and Leningrad. The analysis suggested high frequency rate for iatrogenic diseases promoted by surgical interventions and chemotherapy. Some of these can be traced to physician's errors while delivering therapeutic and diagnostic procedures.

[Pathologo-anatomical characteristics of lung cancer (analysis of 2000 autopsy records 1981-1985)].

2000 autopsy protocols have been scrutinized for 1590 males and 410 females who died of lung cancer in Leningrad and Petrozavodsk in 1981-1985. The findings, compared to those for 1953-1957, evidence for older age of the population at the terminal stage of the disease, more frequent cases of associated primary tumors (by 2.19%), greater proportion of squamous and bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma (a rise from 24.

[Current problems in improving pathologo-anatomic services].

A number of organizational measures directed to the improvement of pathoanatomic service has been put forward for the discussion. In particular, it is advised to generalize regularly all the autopsy findings according to a unified form, which will be of the greatest scientific and practical importance. The authors necessitate increasing the number of autopsies in cases of death at home.

[Postclimacteric spondylopathy].

Results of a dynamic roentgenological (100 patients aged 33 to 89 years), and roentgeno-pathomorphological examination of the osteoarticular apparatus in persons suffering from post-climacteric spondylopathy are presented. A comparison of those results with the clinical and laboratory findings, as well as with similar changes occurring in a number of other diseases showed that it was osteoporosis that underlay the pathological process. The osteoporosis was prevalent in the vertebral column, and led to a vertebrodiscal dissociation that caused a pathological reconstitution of the vertebral bodies.

[Social and work rehabilitation of patients with spinal fractures and their sequelae].

In order to study possible social-working rehabilitation of people with fractures of the backbone and their sequellae complex, mainly dynamic, clinico-laboratory investigations were carried out in 224 people with non-complicated fractures of the thoracic and lumbar sections of the vertebral column within 1--15 and more years after trauma. More than 30% of the patients were considered to be stable invalids at the primary examination. The social-working rehabilitation of people with sequellae of the backbone fractures is based on the state of compensation of the disturbed functions of the vertebral column and the character of the occupation.