Antileishmanial potentials of azacitidine and along with meglumine antimoniate on Leishmania major: In silico prediction and in vitro analysis.

This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in silico antileishmanial activity of azacitidine (AZA) on Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes. The in silico method was used to evaluate the possibility of the interaction of AZA into the binding pocket of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a leading defensive oxidative metabolite. Following that, in vitro anti-promastigote, and anti-amastigote activity of AZA was determined using an MTT assay and a macrophage model, respectively.

Electroencephalography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Response to Treatment in Children with Focal Seizures A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate patients with focal seizures, their clinical manifestations, and their response to treatment, then compared the accuracy of electroencephalography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to assess the cost-effectiveness of the latter.

Materials & Methods: After selecting the appropriate individuals, the authors obtained the data by clinically evaluating the cases and interviewing them or their caretaker(s) on admission and the six-month follow-up visit. The researchers then analyzed the obtained data.

Adolescence Onset Primary Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency With Rare CoQ8A Gene Mutation: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Background: Primary deficiency of coenzyme Q deficiency-4 (CoQD4) is a heterogeneous disorder affecting different age groups. The main clinical manifestation consists of cerebellar ataxia, exercise intolerance, and dystonia.

Case Report: We provide a case of adolescence-onset ataxia, head tremor, and proximal muscle weakness accompanied by psychiatric features and abnormal serum urea (49.

Cerebrovascular accident in a child with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and coronavirus disease 2019: a case report.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 can lead to rare but severe and life-threatening diseases in susceptible high-risk populations, including patients with immunodeficiency. A rare event in this report is stroke following COVID-19 disease in a patient with an immunocompromised background due to leukemia and anti-cancer treatments.

Case Presentation: A 6-year-old iranian girl with precursor B-cell leukemia receiving vincristine therapy presented with fever and absolute neutrophil count < 500.

Epidemiology of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Iranian Children Aged 0-15 Years (2008-2013).

Objective: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy characterized by a rapid progressive symmetric weakness. The GBS is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in most parts of the world. This study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological features of GBS in Iranian children.

Acute transverse myelitis of childhood due to novel coronavirus disease 2019: The first pediatric case report and review of literature.

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic appears to have some streaks of severity in pediatrics. These streaks include variable signs of respiratory distress, a new entity called multi-system inflammatory syndrome, and some evidences of neurological symptoms involving both central and peripheral nervous systems. Here, we described the first pediatric patient with COVID-19 who presented with acute transverse myelitis.

Neurometabolic Diagnosis in Children who referred as Neurodevelopmental Delay (A Practical Criteria, in Iranian Pediatric Patients).

Objective: We aimed to investigate the clinical and para clinical manifestations of neuro metabolic disorders, in patients who presented by neuro developmental delay in their neuro developmental milestones.

Materials & Methods: The patients diagnosed as neuro developmental delay and regression with or without seizure at the Neurology Department of Mofid Children Hospital in Tehran, Iran between 2004 and 2014 were included in our study. These patients diagnosed as neuro developmental delay by pediatric neurologists in view of diagnostic /screening neuro developmental assessment tests.

The Clinical Features and Diagnosis of Adrenoleukodystrophy: A Case Series of Iranian Family.

Objective: Adrenoleukodystrophy disorder is one of the x-linked genetic disorders caused by the myelin sheath breakdown in the brain. In this study, we present 4 yr experience on this disorder.

Materials & Methods: The patients diagnosed as adrenoleukodystrophy in the Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran from 2010 to 2014 were enrolled into the study.

The clinical features and diagnosis of Metachromatic leukodystrophy: A case series of Iranian Pediatric Patients.

Objective: Metachromatic leukodystrophy disorder (MLD) is one of the rare neurometabolic diseases caused due to lack of saposin B and arylsulfatase A enzyme deficiency.

Materials & Methods: Eighteen patients diagnosed as metachromatic leukodystrophy in the Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran between 2010 and 2014 were included in our study. The disorder was confirmed by clinical, EMG-NCV, arylsulfatase A enzyme checking and neuroimaging findings along with neurometabolic and genetic assessment from reference laboratory in Iran.

Homocystinuria: Diagnosis and Neuroimaging Findings of Iranian Pediatric patients.

Objective: Homocystinuria is a neurometabolic diseases characterized by symptoms include Neurodevelopmental delay, lens dislocation, long limbs and thrombosis.

Materials & Methods: The patients who were diagnosed as homocystinuria marfaniod habits, seizure in the Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran between 2004 and 2014 were included in our study. The disorder was confirmed by clinical andneuroimaging findings along withneurometabolic and genetic assessment fromreference laboratory in Germany.

The Clinical Features and Diagnosis of Canavan's Disease: A Case Series of Iranian Patients.

Objective: Canavan's disease is a lethal illness caused by a single gene mutation that is inherited as an autosomal recessive pattern. It has many different clinical features especially in the non-Ashkenazi Jewish population.

Material & Methods: 45 patients were referred to the Pediatric Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran-Iran from 2010-2014 with a chief complaint of neuro developmental delays, seizures, and neuroimaging findings of leukodystrophy were included in this study.

GM2-Gangliosidosis (Sandhoff and Tay Sachs disease): Diagnosis and Neuroimaging Findings (An Iranian Pediatric Case Series).

Objective: GM2-Gangliosidosis disease is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that includes two disorders (Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease).These disorders cause a progressive deterioration of nerve cells and inherited deficiency in creating hexosaminidases A, B, and AB.

Materials & Methods: Patients who were diagnosed withGM2-Gangliosidosis in the Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran from October 2009 to February 2014were included in our study.

Propionic acidemia: diagnosis and neuroimaging findings of this neurometabolic disorder.

Objective: Propionic acidemia is one of the rare congenital neurometabolic disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance. This disorder is caused by a defect in the propionyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme and can be presented with life-threatening ketoacidosis, lethargy, failure to thrive, and developmental delay.

Materials & Methods: The patients diagnosed as having propionic acidemia in Neurology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2002 and 2012 were include in our study.

Relationship between migraine and abnormal EEG findings in children.

Objective: Migraine is a disabling illness that causes absence from school and affects the quality of life. It has been stated that headache may represent an epileptic event. EEG abnormality is a prominent finding in children with migraine.