Exosome-Based Advances in Pancreatic Cancer: The Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is one of the most challenging clinical conditions due to its late-stage diagnosis and poor survival rates. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), used for targeted therapies, are being explored as a promising treatment because of their tumor-homing properties and potential contributions to the pancreatic cancer microenvironment. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing effective treatments.

On the NH stretch ν1 band of methyleneimine CH2NH.

Over four decades, the 3262.622(2) cm-1 band [Halonen and Duxbury, Chem. Phys.

Depression after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) afflicts 69 million individuals annually, resulting in numerous neuropsychiatric sequelae. Here, we investigate the possible relation between TBI and depression.

Methods: an online database search of Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted on November 3rd, 2023 for observational studies investigating post-TBI depressive symptoms incidence or comparing the prevalence of depressive symptoms between TBI and non-TBI individuals.

Cagrilintide is not associated with clinically relevant QTc prolongation: A thorough QT study in healthy participants.

Aims: The combination of cagrilintide and semaglutide (CagriSema) is being developed for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this thorough QT study was to confirm that cagrilintide does not result in a clinically relevant prolongation in cardiac repolarization compared with placebo.

Materials And Methods: This was a double-blind study (NCT05804162) in which healthy participants were randomized to cagrilintide, administered as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection dose escalated to 4.

Microencapsulation of natural products using spray drying; an overview.

Aims: This study examines microencapsulation as a method to enhance the stability of natural compounds, which typically suffer from inherent instability under environmental conditions, aiming to extend their application in the pharmaceutical industry.

Methods: We explore and compare various microencapsulation techniques, including spray drying, freeze drying, and coacervation, with a focus on spray drying due to its noted advantages.

Results: The analysis reveals that microencapsulation, especially via spray drying, significantly improves natural compounds' stability, offering varied morphologies, sizes, and efficiencies in encapsulation.

Efficacy of Oral Dextrose versus Acetaminophen versus Placebo on Pain Relief during Retinopathy of Prematurity Eye Examinations: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To assess the effect of oral dextrose versus acetaminophen versus placebo in pain relief in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) examination.

Methods: In this prospective randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial study performed in the ophthalmology clinic of Shafa Hospital (referral hospital for eye disease), Kerman, Iran, 105 premature neonates with birth weight ≤2000 g and gestational age between 28 and 34 weeks were studied. Pain score measurement with Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) during ROP examination in three intervention groups, acetaminophen group (15 mg/kg oral acetaminophen), dextrose group (one cc of oral dextrose 50%), and placebo group (one cc of distilled water), was done.

Performing well but not appreciating it - A trait feature of anorexia nervosa.

Background: Despite advances in the etiology of anorexia nervosa (AN), a large subgroup of individuals does not profit optimally from treatment. Perfectionism has been found to be a risk factor predicting the onset, severity, and duration of AN episodes. To date, perfectionism has been studied predominantly by the use of self-report questionnaires, a useful approach that may, however, be impacted by demand characteristics, or other distortions of introspective or metacognitive access.

ACE-DNV: Automatic classification of gaze events in dynamic natural viewing.

Eye movements offer valuable insights for clinical interventions, diagnostics, and understanding visual perception. The process usually involves recording a participant's eye movements and analyzing them in terms of various gaze events. Manual identification of these events is extremely time-consuming.

Formic acid-methanol complexation esterification: elusive pre-reactive species identified by vibrational spectroscopy.

Vibrational spectra of the mixed dimer and the two mixed trimers of methanol and formic acid as well as some of their isotopologues are presented. Out of the eight expected OH stretching fundamentals of these three pre-reactive hydrogen-bonded complexes, the three modes mainly involving an acid OH group bound to the alcohol appear to be missing in the jet-cooled spectra despite a combination of infrared and Raman probing. A possibility of spectral overlap is discussed in the mixed dimer case, but largely discarded.

Evaluation of bioactivity and biodegradability of a biomimetic soft tissue scaffold for clinical use: An study.

Background: Autogenous soft-tissue graft is the gold-standard approach to augment oral soft tissues. However, tissue engineering is increasingly surveyed to overcome its substantial drawbacks, including the secondary site of operation, patient's pain and discomfort, limited tissue of donor site, and so on. Chitosan and gelatin have been utilized in this field over the years due to their great biological virtues.

Executive Control and Associated Brain Activity in Children With Familial High-Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder: A Danish Register-based Study.

Background And Hypotheses: Impaired executive control is a potential prognostic and endophenotypic marker of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP). Assessing children with familial high-risk (FHR) of SZ or BP enables characterization of early risk markers and we hypothesize that they express impaired executive control as well as aberrant brain activation compared to population-based control (PBC) children.

Study Design: Using a flanker task, we examined executive control together with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 11- to 12-year-old children with FHR of SZ (FHR-SZ) or FHR of BP (FHR-BP) and PBC children as part of a register-based, prospective cohort-study; The Danish High Risk and Resilience study-VIA 11.

Phase 1b dose-finding study of rituximab, lenalidomide, and ibrutinib (R2I) in patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma that frequently becomes chemoresistant over time. The distinct mechanisms of ibrutinib and lenalidomide provided a judicious rationale to explore the combination with anti-CD20 immunotherapy. In this phase 1b study (NCT02446236), patients ( = 25) with relapsed/refractory MCL received rituximab with escalating doses of lenalidomide (days 1-21) and ibrutinib 560 mg (days 1-28) of 28-day cycles.

Mid-infrared Laser Spectroscopy of Jet-Cooled Formic Acid Trimer: Mode-Dependent Line Broadening in the C-O Stretching Region.

Building on recent progress in the vibrational spectroscopy of the formic acid trimer, we present the first high-resolution measurements of the jet-cooled laser absorption spectrum of (HCOOH). The spectra of the lowest- and highest-frequency C-O stretching fundamentals are analyzed whereas the third band is not observed, complicated by monomer and dimer absorptions at 1219 cm (8.2 μm).

Subtle hydrogen bond preference and dual Franck-Condon activity - the interesting pairing of 2-naphthol with anisole.

The hydrogen-bonded complexes between 2-naphthol (or β-naphthol) and anisole are explored by detecting their IR absorption in the OH stretching range as well as their UV absorption by means of laser-induced fluorescence and resonance-enhanced two-photon UV ionisation. For the more stable and the metastable conformations of the OH group in 2-naphthol, hydrogen bonding to the oxygen atom of anisole is consistently detected in different supersonic jet expansions. Alternative hydrogen bonding to the aromatic ring of anisole remains elusive, although the majority of state-of-the-art hybrid DFT functionals with London dispersion correction and - less surprisingly - MP2 wavefunction theory predict it to be slightly more stable at zero-point level, unless three-body dispersion correction is added to the B3LYP-D3(BJ) approach.

Coupled proton vibrations between two weak acids: the hinge complex between formic acid and trifluoroethanol.

When formic acid and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol are co-expanded through a slit nozzle into vacuum, a single dominant, hinge-like 1 : 1 complex is formed in significant amounts and its two OH stretching fundamentals separated by 100 cm can be unambiguously assigned by a combination of infrared absorption and Raman scattering. Quantum chemical calculations at different levels reproduce this finding in a satisfactory way and suggest that in-phase (Raman-sensitive and lower wavenumber) OH stretch excitation more or less along the concerted degenerate proton transfer coordinate in the hydrogen-bonded ring stays below the barrier for this concerted exchange. Anharmonic calculations indicate only weak intensity sharing with dark states coming into reach due to the hydrogen bond downshift of the OH stretching vibration.

A Fast and Memory-Efficient Brain MRI Segmentation Framework for Clinical Applications.

Current segmentation tools of brain MRI provide quantitative structural information for diagnosing neurological disorders. However, their clinical application is generally limited due to high memory usage and time consumption. Although 3D CNN-based segmentation methods have recently achieved the state-of-the-art and come up with timely available results, they heavily require high memory GPUs.

A Memory-efficient Deep Framework for Multi-Modal MRI-based Brain Tumor Segmentation.

Automatic Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) from MRI plays a key role in diagnosing and treating brain tumors. Although 3D U-Nets achieve state-of-the-art results in BraTS, their clinical use is limited due to requiring high-end GPU with high memory. To address the limitation, we utilize several techniques for customizing a memory-efficient yet ac-curate deep framework based on 2D U-nets.

Occurrence, identification, and discharge of microplastics from effluent and sludge of the largest WWTP in Iran-South of Tehran.

Microplastic pollution is a serious threat to the biota and humans, and wastewater treatment plants act as a pathway for entering microplastics into the environment. This study discusses the identification and quantification of microplastics in the south of Tehran municipal WWTP. The sampling was repeated three times in a month, overall, nine times for water samples and once a month in total, three times for digested sludge samples by steel bucket with the WPO method.

Adipose-derived Stem Cells: Potentials, Availability and Market Size in Regenerative Medicine.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been described as one of the most potent and accessible human adult stem cells which can be utilized in various therapeutic approaches. Due to the wide variety of cytokines and GFs secreted by them, ADSCs can be used for controlled drug release. These cells can be used for proliferation and differentiation of tissues regardless of survival conditions and immunologic problems.

Slow monomer vibrations in formic acid dimer: Stepping up the ladder with FTIR and Raman jet spectroscopy.

In an effort to extend the cold gas phase spectroscopic database of the cyclic formic acid dimer (FAD), we present and analyze the jet-cooled vibrational infrared and Raman spectrum of (HCOOH) in the monomer fingerprint region between 600 and 1500 cm. The present study bridges the gap between the intermolecular dimerization-induced and the carbonyl stretching fundamentals that have already been reexamined using jet-cooled or high-resolution spectroscopy. This completes the characterization of the jet-cooled vibrational (HCOOH) spectrum below the complex OH (CH) stretching fundamentals, and we report resonance-induced FAD combination/overtone transitions that will serve as a valuable reference for a theoretical modeling of its vibrational dynamics.

miRNA-148b and its role in various cancers.

miRNA-148b belongs to the family miR-148/-152, with significant differences in nonseed sequences, which can target diverse mRNA molecules. Reportedly, it may undergo deregulation in lung and ovarian cancers and downregulation in gastric, pancreatic and colon cancers. However, there is a need for further studies to better characterize its mechanism of action and in different types of cancer.