Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy using infusional gemcitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer: A phase II trial.

Introduction: Gemcitabine is a well-known radiosensitizer. Herein, we tested the efficacy and toxicity of preoperative concurrent infusional gemcitabine and radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: This was a phase II, single-arm trial.

Neglected right diaphragmatic hernia with transthoracic herniation of gallbladder and malrotated left liver lobe in an adult.

Diaphragmatic hernias are commonly encountered in radiological practice, especially in pediatric patients. Delayed presentation of diaphragmatic hernias can occur in children and less frequently in adult patients. We present an extremely rare case of a 15-year-old male patient with recurrent attacks of cholestatic hepatitis who has been misdiagnosed to have primary sclerosing cholangitis and was planned for liver transplantation.

Radiological Findings in Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome: Case Report and Review of Literature.

This case involved a 36-year-old adult male who presented with an unusual inguinal hernia in which the uterus and fallopian tubes were identified as contents of the inguinal hernia sac. These findings reflected a rare autosomal recessive developmental syndrome known as PMDS (persistent Müllerian duct syndrome). The diagnosis was established and confirmed via radiological-mainly MRI-investigation.

Pre-operative chemoradiotherapy using capecitabine and cetuximab followed by definitive surgery in patients with operable rectal cancer.

Background: Achieving a high rate of complete pathological response with pre-operative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer is an unmet need. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of cetuximab, capecitabine and radiation therapy in the pre-operative setting of localized rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with clinically staged T3, T4 or nodepositive rectal cancer were treated with concurrent capecitabine and radiotherapy with weekly cetuximab starting one week before the start of radiation.

Hepatic hydatid disease complications: review of imaging findings and clinical implications.

Hydatid disease is a zoonotic parasitic disease. The liver is the most commonly affected organ, and hepatic hydatid disease complications are not uncommon. Hydatid cyst superinfection, intrabiliary rupture, and direct rupture into the thoracic or abdominal cavities are the frequently encountered complications.

A ruptured graft hematoma in the second day after deceased donor liver transplantation: a case report and review.

Background: Ruptured liver after transplant is a rare complication. It can lead to graft or patient loss. Few reports are available in literature.

Clinicopathologic features of hepatic neoplasms in explanted livers: a single institution experience.

Background: Hepatic neoplasms can be the primary indication for hepatic transplantation. The tumors can also be incidentally identified in explanted livers. We explored the clinicopathologic features of hepatic neoplasms identified in explanted livers.

Accurate method for preoperative estimation of the right graft volume in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation.

Background: Accurate estimation of graft volume is crucial to avoid small-for-size syndrome following adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation AALDLT). Herein, we combined radiological and mathematical approaches for preoperative assessment of right graft volume.

Methods: The right graft volume was preoperatively estimated in 31 live donors using two methods: first, the radiological graft volume (RGV) by computed tomography (CT) volumetry and second, a calculated graft volume (CGV) obtained by multiplying the standard liver volume by the percentage of the right graft volume (given by CT).

CT findings of pulmonary artery dissection.

Pulmonary artery dissection is a serious fatal complication of chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension, always occurring at the site of maximal dilatation of the artery. Diagnosis is made mainly at autopsy as many of these patients experience sudden death when the main pulmonary artery dissects into the pericardium, causing acute cardiac tamponade. To our knowledge, five reported cases have described CT imaging findings of acute pulmonary artery dissection in the literature.

Dysphagia lusoria caused by aberrant right subclavian artery, Kommerell's diverticulum, legamentum ring, right descending aorta, and absent left pulmonary artery: a report of a unique vascular congenital disease undetected until adulthood and a review of the literature.

An active otherwise healthy and middle-aged woman presented with left supraclavicular pulsation, right upper extremity claudication, and mild dysphagia. Evaluation revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery, Kommerell's diverticulum with aneurysmal degeneration, legamentum arteriosum completing vascular ring, and absent left pulmonary artery with multiple collateral supply to the left lung. She underwent successful surgical repair via right thoracotomy, including division of the vascular ring, resection of the diverticulum and aneurysm, and finally reimplantation of the right subclavian artery to the aortic arch.

Subclavian MR arteriography: reduction of susceptibility artifact with short echo time and dilute gadopentetate dimeglumine.

At arterial phase gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography, artifactual stenosis of the subclavian artery is sometimes seen adjacent to the subclavian vein on the side of the contrast material injection. Experiments in phantoms and in 19 patients showed increased artifact with longer echo time and higher concentration of injected contrast material. An effective method to substantially decrease this susceptibility artifact was threefold dilution of gadopentetate dimeglumine and use of a short echo time (1 msec).

Diagnosis of renal vascular disease with MR angiography.

Renal magnetic resonance (MR) angiography allows accurate evaluation of patients suspected to have renal artery stenosis without the risks associated with nephrotoxic contrast agents, ionizing radiation, or arterial catheterization. Other applications of renal MR angiography are mapping the vascular anatomy for planning renal revascularization, planning repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms, assessing renal bypass grafts and renal transplant anastomoses, and evaluating vascular involvement by renal tumors. A variety of pulse sequences provide complementary information about kidney morphology, arterial anatomy, blood flow, and renal function and excretion.

MRA contrast bolus timing with ultrasound bubbles.

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using an ultrasound contrast agent test bolus to determine optimum bolus timing for three-dimensional (3D) gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Small test doses of ultrasound contrast agent (0.3 ml Optison) were injected intravenously followed immediately by a 20 ml saline flush.

Magnetic resonance imaging in renal transplantation.

End stage renal disease is common and can result from a variety of diseases. The expense and morbidity of dialysis has made renal transplantation the preferred treatment when it is available. In the United States, 11,000 renal transplants are performed annually.