High -Factor Diamond Optomechanical Resonators with Silicon Vacancy Centers at Millikelvin Temperatures.

Phonons are envisioned as coherent intermediaries between different types of quantum systems. Engineered nanoscale devices, such as optomechanical crystals (OMCs), provide a platform to utilize phonons as quantum information carriers. Here we demonstrate OMCs in diamond designed for strong for interactions between phonons and a silicon vacancy (SiV) spin.

Group CBT for men with intellectual disabilities and/or autism who have harmful sexual behaviour.

Objectives: Men with intellectual disabilities and/or autism sometimes engage in harmful sexual behaviour (HSB), but it may be harder for them to access treatment, than it is for non-disabled men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of attending an adapted CBT group, known as SOTSEC-ID, on men with intellectual disabilities and/or autism who had HSB.

Method: Ninety-eight men from intellectual disability services, who had ID and/or autism and a history of HSB were recruited, and they received group CBT for a year (46 of these men have been previously reported).

Sub-1 Volt and high-bandwidth visible to near-infrared electro-optic modulators.

Integrated electro-optic (EO) modulators are fundamental photonics components with utility in domains ranging from digital communications to quantum information processing. At telecommunication wavelengths, thin-film lithium niobate modulators exhibit state-of-the-art performance in voltage-length product (VL), optical loss, and EO bandwidth. However, applications in optical imaging, optogenetics, and quantum science generally require devices operating in the visible-to-near-infrared (VNIR) wavelength range.

Spectral control of nonclassical light pulses using an integrated thin-film lithium niobate modulator.

Manipulating the frequency and bandwidth of nonclassical light is essential for implementing frequency-encoded/multiplexed quantum computation, communication, and networking protocols, and for bridging spectral mismatch among various quantum systems. However, quantum spectral control requires a strong nonlinearity mediated by light, microwave, or acoustics, which is challenging to realize with high efficiency, low noise, and on an integrated chip. Here, we demonstrate both frequency shifting and bandwidth compression of heralded single-photon pulses using an integrated thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) phase modulator.

Mirror-induced reflection in the frequency domain.

Mirrors are ubiquitous in optics and are used to control the propagation of optical signals in space. Here we propose and demonstrate frequency domain mirrors that provide reflections of the optical energy in a frequency synthetic dimension, using electro-optic modulation. First, we theoretically explore the concept of frequency mirrors with the investigation of propagation loss, and reflectivity in the frequency domain.

Optical bi-stability in cubic silicon carbide microring resonators.

We measure the photothermal nonlinear response in suspended cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) and 3C-SiC-on-insulator (SiCOI) microring resonators. Bi-stability and thermo-optic hysteresis is observed in both types of resonators, with the suspended resonators showing a stronger response. A photothermal nonlinear index of 4.

Spectrally separable photon-pair generation in dispersion engineered thin-film lithium niobate.

Existing nonlinear-optic implementations of pure, unfiltered heralded single-photon sources do not offer the scalability required for densely integrated quantum networks. Additionally, lithium niobate has hitherto been unsuitable for such use due to its material dispersion. We engineer the dispersion and the quasi-phasematching conditions of a waveguide in the rapidly emerging thin-film lithium niobate platform to generate spectrally separable photon pairs in the telecommunications band.

Diamond mirrors for high-power continuous-wave lasers.

High-power continuous-wave (CW) lasers are used in a variety of areas including industry, medicine, communications, and defense. Yet, conventional optics, which are based on multi-layer coatings, are damaged when illuminated by high-power CW laser light, primarily due to thermal loading. This hampers the effectiveness, restricts the scope and utility, and raises the cost and complexity of high-power CW laser applications.

Integrated silicon carbide electro-optic modulator.

Owing to its attractive optical and electronic properties, silicon carbide is an emerging platform for integrated photonics. However an integral component of the platform is missing-an electro-optic modulator, a device which encodes electrical signals onto light. As a non-centrosymmetric crystal, silicon carbide exhibits the Pockels effect, yet a modulator has not been realized since the discovery of this effect more than three decades ago.

Long-Lived Solid-State Optical Memory for High-Rate Quantum Repeaters.

We argue that long optical storage times are required to establish entanglement at high rates over large distances using memory-based quantum repeaters. Triggered by this conclusion, we investigate the 795.325  nm^{3} H_{6}↔^{3}H_{4} transition of Tm:Y_{3}Ga_{5}O_{12} (Tm:YGG).

On-chip electro-optic frequency shifters and beam splitters.

Efficient frequency shifting and beam splitting are important for a wide range of applications, including atomic physics, microwave photonics, optical communication and photonic quantum computing. However, realizing gigahertz-scale frequency shifts with high efficiency, low loss and tunability-in particular using a miniature and scalable device-is challenging because it requires efficient and controllable nonlinear processes. Existing approaches based on acousto-optics, all-optical wave mixing and electro-optics are either limited to low efficiencies or frequencies, or are bulky.

Integrated microwave acousto-optic frequency shifter on thin-film lithium niobate.

Electrically driven acousto-optic devices that provide beam deflection and optical frequency shifting have broad applications from pulse synthesis to heterodyne detection. Commercially available acousto-optic modulators are based on bulk materials and consume Watts of radio frequency power. Here, we demonstrate an integrated 3-GHz acousto-optic frequency shifter on thin-film lithium niobate, featuring a carrier suppression over 30 dB.

Prehospital critical care is associated with increased survival in adult trauma patients in Scotland.

Background: Scotland has three prehospital critical care teams (PHCCTs) providing enhanced care support to a usually paramedic-delivered ambulance service. The effect of the PHCCTs on patient survival following trauma in Scotland is not currently known nationally.

Methods: National registry-based retrospective cohort study using 2011-2016 data from the Scottish Trauma Audit Group.

Coherent acoustic control of a single silicon vacancy spin in diamond.

Phonons are considered to be universal quantum transducers due to their ability to couple to a wide variety of quantum systems. Among these systems, solid-state point defect spins are known for being long-lived optically accessible quantum memories. Recently, it has been shown that inversion-symmetric defects in diamond, such as the negatively charged silicon vacancy center (SiV), feature spin qubits that are highly susceptible to strain.

Impact of drug and equipment preparation on pre-hospital emergency Anaesthesia (PHEA) procedural time, error rate and cognitive load.

Background: We examined the effect of advanced preparation and organisation of equipment and drugs for Pre-hospital Emergency Anaesthesia (PHEA) and tracheal intubation on procedural time, error rates, and cognitive load.

Methods: This study was a randomised, controlled experiment with a crossover design. Clinical teams (physician and paramedic) from the Emergency Medical Retrieval Service and the Scottish Air Ambulance Division were randomised to perform a standardised pre-hospital clinical simulation using either unprepared (standard practice) or pre-prepared (experimental method) PHEA equipment and drugs.

Clinician tasking in ambulance control improves the identification of major trauma patients and pre-hospital critical care team tasking.

Introduction: Trauma remains the fourth leading cause of death in western countries and is the leading cause of death in the first four decades of life. NICE guidance in 2016 advocated the attendance of pre-hospital critical care trauma team (PHCCT) in the pre-hospital stage of the care of patients with major trauma. Previous publications support dispatch by clinicians who are also actively involved in the delivery of the PHCCT service; however there is a lack of objective outcome measures across the current reviewed evidence base.

Spectral multiplexing for scalable quantum photonics using an atomic frequency comb quantum memory and feed-forward control.

Future multiphoton applications of quantum optics and quantum information science require quantum memories that simultaneously store many photon states, each encoded into a different optical mode, and enable one to select the mapping between any input and a specific retrieved mode during storage. Here we show, with the example of a quantum repeater, how to employ spectrally multiplexed states and memories with fixed storage times that allow such mapping between spectral modes. Furthermore, using a Ti:Tm:LiNbO_{3} waveguide cooled to 3 K, a phase modulator, and a spectral filter, we demonstrate storage followed by the required feed-forward-controlled frequency manipulation with time-bin qubits encoded into up to 26 multiplexed spectral modes and 97% fidelity.

Two-photon interference of weak coherent laser pulses recalled from separate solid-state quantum memories.

Quantum memories allowing reversible transfer of quantum states between light and matter are central to quantum repeaters, quantum networks and linear optics quantum computing. Significant progress regarding the faithful transfer of quantum information has been reported in recent years. However, none of these demonstrations confirm that the re-emitted photons remain suitable for two-photon interference measurements, such as C-NOT gates and Bell-state measurements, which constitute another key ingredient for all aforementioned applications.

Conditional detection of pure quantum states of light after storage in a Tm-doped waveguide.

We demonstrate the conditional detection of time-bin qubits after storage in and retrieval from a photon-echo-based waveguide quantum memory. Each qubit is encoded into one member of a photon pair produced via spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and the conditioning is achieved by the detection of the other member of the pair. By performing projection measurements with the stored and retrieved photons onto different bases, we obtain an average storage fidelity of 0.

The lower lid diamond: a simple entropion repair to correct both horizontal and lower-lid retractor laxity.

Purpose: To describe a simple technique for involutional entropion correction and to present the findings of a pilot study.

Methods: Consecutive case series of 42 procedures. Patients presenting with involutional entropion in the absence of lateral canthal tendon laxity (lateral canthus could be distracted 1 cm or more medially) underwent a modified full-thickness eyelid shortening combined with retractor plication.

Broadband waveguide quantum memory for entangled photons.

The reversible transfer of quantum states of light into and out of matter constitutes an important building block for future applications of quantum communication: it will allow the synchronization of quantum information, and the construction of quantum repeaters and quantum networks. Much effort has been devoted to the development of such quantum memories, the key property of which is the preservation of entanglement during storage. Here we report the reversible transfer of photon-photon entanglement into entanglement between a photon and a collective atomic excitation in a solid-state device.

Radiologically manifested accessory extraocular muscles in thyroid eye disease.

The authors describe 3 patients with Graves orbitopathy who all have accessory orbital structures on orbital imaging. These structures are isodense on CT and isointense on MRI to the extraocular muscles and have a similar anatomical appearance to accessory extraocular muscles previously described in the literature. The authors propose that Graves orbitopathy involves these accessory muscles and makes them visible on imaging.

Novel mutations in the ZEB1 gene identified in Czech and British patients with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy.

We describe the search for mutations in six unrelated Czech and four unrelated British families with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD); a relatively rare eye disorder. Coding exons and intron/exon boundaries of all three genes (VSX1, COL8A2, and ZEB1/TCF8) previously reported to be implicated in the pathogenesis of this disorder were screened by DNA sequencing. Four novel pathogenic mutations were identified in four families; two deletions, one nonsense, and one duplication within exon 7 in the ZEB1 gene located at 10p11.