Using ChatGPT in the Development of Clinical Reasoning Cases: A Qualitative Study.

Background There has been an explosion of commentary and discussion about the ethics and utility of using artificial intelligence in medicine, and its practical use in medical education is still being debated. Through qualitative research methods, this study aims to highlight the advantages and pitfalls of using ChatGPT in the development of clinical reasoning cases for medical student education. Methods Five highly experienced faculty in medical education were provided instructions to create unique clinical reasoning cases for three different chief concerns using ChatGPT 3.

Erythema Multiforme in an HIV+ Patient on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy After Starting Paxlovid (Nirmatrelvir-Ritonivir).

In this report, we present a case of a woman currently on HIV antiretroviral therapy who presented with oral mucosal and cutaneous skin lesions with a target-like appearance following completion of a five-day course of Paxlovid™ for symptomatic COVID-19 infection. The patient was treated with intravenous steroids and oral antihistamines with mild improvement. However, she returned in one week with worsening skin lesions.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS OF REMEDIATION AMONG TRAINEES IN GRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

Background: Remediation of medical trainees is a universal challenge, yet studies show that many residents will need remediation to improve performance. Current literature discusses the importance and processes of remediation and investigates how to recognize residents needing remediation. However, little is known about trainees' attitudes and perception of remediation.

Changing the Landscape of Remediation: The Creation and Implementation of an Institution-Wide Graduate Medical Education Performance Enhancement Program.

Purpose Remediation is a daunting process for both residency leadership and trainees due to several factors including limited time and resources, variable processes, and negative stigma. Our objective was to transform the remediation process by creating a transparent institution-wide program that collates tools/resources, interdepartmental faculty mentors, and positive rebranding. Methods Education leadership across seven specialties created a process for trainees with professionalism and interpersonal-communication skills deficiencies.

Environments, processes, and outcomes - using the LEPO framework to examine medical student learning preferences with traditional and electronic resources.

Changes in medical student learning preferences help drive innovation in teaching and require schools and commercial resources to quickly adapt. However, few studies have detailed the relationship of learner preferences to the environment and teaching modalities used in the pre-clerkship years, nor do they incorporate third-party resources. Our study attempts to analyze learner preferences by comparing the use of traditional and third-party resources.

Association between alanine aminotransferase within the normal range and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A nationwide cohort study.

Background And Aim: We sought to determine the association between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the normal range and mortality in the absence of liver dysfunction to better understand ALT's clinical significance beyond liver injury and inflammation.

Methods: A cohort of 2,708 male and 3,461 female adults aged 20-75 years without liver dysfunction (ALT<30 in males & <19 in females, negative viral serologies, negative ultrasound-based steatosis, no excess alcohol consumption) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)-III (1988-1994) were linked to the National Death Index through December 31, 2015. Serum ALT levels were categorized into sex-specific quartiles (Females: <9, 9-11, 11-14, ≥14 IU/L, Male: <12, 12-15, 15-20, ≥20 U/L).

Comparison of State Medical Licensing Board Disclosures Regarding Resident Performance for United States Allopathic, Osteopathic, and Foreign Medical Graduates.

Context: While recent streamlining of the graduate medical education process signals an important change from the traditional dichotomy between doctors of osteopathic medicine (DOs) and US-trained doctors of medicine (USMDs), this new uniformity does not continue into the process for licensure, including state medical licensing verification of training (VOT) forms for DOs, MDs, and foreign medical graduates (FMGs). Wide variability remains.

Objective: To document the differences in the performance metrics program that directors are required to disclose to state medical licensing boards for DOs and FMGs compared with USMDs.

Severe Gastrointestinal Mucositis Following Concurrent Palbociclib and Palliative Radiation Therapy.

Background/aim: Palbociclib is an FDA-approved cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor for the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Limited information is available regarding the toxicity of palbociclib and concurrent radiation therapy.

Case Report: Herein, we report a case of esophageal toxicity in a patient treated with palbociclib and radiation therapy.

Using virtual reality as a replacement for hospital tours during residency interviews.

Background: Residency programs invest a significant amount of time and resources on the recruitment process, and maintaining efficiency and cost-effectiveness are very important. Virtual Reality (VR) has become an adaptive substitute for 'real life' experiences and its use during the interview season could help save time and resources.

Objective: With the intention to maximize the interview day and provide a cost-effective alternative to facility tours, a Med-Peds residency training program introduced a VR tour of their children's hospital during recruitment.

Mandated State Medical Licensing Board Disclosures Regarding Resident Performance.

Background: State medical licensing boards ask program directors (PDs) to complete verification of training (VOT) forms for licensure. While residency programs use Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core competencies, there is no uniform process or set of metrics that licensing boards use to ascertain if academic competency was achieved.

Objective: We determined the performance metrics PDs are required to disclose on state licensing VOT forms.

Resident Wellness: An Intervention to Decrease Burnout and Increase Resiliency and Happiness.

Introduction: Despite the national focus on trainee burnout, effective wellness programs that can easily be incorporated into training curriculums are lacking. Strategies such as mindfulness and positive psychology, linked with deep breathing, have been shown to increase resiliency. We hypothesized that education about the neuroscience literature, coupled with teaching about well-being using short, easy-to-practice evidence-based exercises, would increase acceptance of this curriculum among residents and that providing protected time to practice these exercises would help trainees incorporate them into their daily lives.

Vitamin D Is Associated with Severity and Mortality of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A US Population-based Study.

There has been increasing evidence that vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Since metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), we aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D and the severity and mortality of NAFLD. Data was obtained from the United States Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 1988-1994, with follow-up mortality data through 2011.

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Risk in Gluten-Free Followers Without Celiac Disease in the United States: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2014.

Background: Despite unclear benefits of gluten-free diets (GFD) in the general population, gluten-free followers without medical indications are driving the market. Few studies have investigated health benefits of GFD in the general population.

Aims: To estimate metabolic and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profiles among gluten-free followers without celiac disease (CD).

Trends in Cardiac Tamponade Among Recipients of Permanent Pacemakers in the United States: From 2008 to 2012.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the trends and predictors of cardiac tamponade among permanent pacemaker (PPM) recipients in the United States between 2008 and 2012.

Background: Limited data exist regarding the burden, trend, and predictors of tamponade in patients following PPM implantation.

Methods: The National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample database was used to identify PPM implantations between 2008 and 2012.

Integrating a Resident-Driven Longitudinal Quality Improvement Curriculum Within an Ambulatory Block Schedule.

Background: Quality improvement (QI) is essential in clinical practice, requiring effective teaching in residency. Barriers include lack of structure, mentorship, and time.

Objective: To develop a longitudinal QI curriculum for an internal medicine residency program with limited faculty resources and evaluate its effectiveness.

Impact of Hospital Teaching Status on Mortality, Length of Stay and Cost Among Patients With Cardiac Arrest in the United States.

Limited data exist regarding the in-hospital outcomes in patients with cardiac arrest (CA) in teaching versus nonteaching hospital settings. Using the Nationwide (National) Inpatient Sample (2008 to 2012), 731,107 cases of CA were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition codes. Among these patients, 348,368 (47.

Lupus nephritis: an update.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is an inflammatory condition of the kidneys that encompasses various patterns of renal disease including glomerular and tubulointerstitial pathology. It is a major predictor of poor prognosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Genetic factors, including several predisposing loci, and environmental factors, such as EBV and ultraviolet light, have been implicated in the pathogenesis.

Albumin and Furosemide Combination for Management of Edema in Nephrotic Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Studies.

The treatment of edema in patients with nephrotic syndrome is generally managed by dietary sodium restriction and loop diuretics. However, edema does not improve in some patients despite adequate sodium restriction and maximal dose of diuretics. In such patients, combination of albumin and a loop diuretic may improve edema by diuresis and natriuresis.

Human umbilical cord blood cells and diabetes mellitus: recent advances.

Stem cell therapy for patients with diabetes is an area of great interest to both scientists and clinicians. Human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) are being increasingly used as a source of stem cells for cell-based therapy for diabetes because these cells can differentiate into pancreatic islet β-cells. Administration of HUCBCs has been shown to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic animal models.

Chief residents as educators: an effective method of resident development.

Background: The importance of teaching residents how to instruct medical students is recognized, but time and logistics challenge the implementation of teaching skills programs. No study has described a dissemination model with chief residents as trainers and managers of a teaching skills program.

Description: All chief residents in three departments (n = 16), participated in an 8-hr train-the-trainer teaching skills program and then trained 178 residents through seven 1-hr sessions.

Perspectives on cancer screening among Latino community members and internal medicine residents.

Background: Latinos have lower rates of cancer screening, partially because of cultural beliefs that conflict with those of health care professionals. Moreover, established programs for training physicians in cultural competency often fail to incorporate input from the community.

Methods: To explore beliefs about cancer and cancer screening among Latino community members and internal medicine residents.