Micro-CT yields high image quality in human fetal post-mortem imaging despite maceration.

Background: Current clinical post-mortem imaging techniques do not provide sufficiently high-resolution imaging for smaller fetuses after pregnancy loss. Post-mortem micro-CT is a non-invasive technique that can deliver high diagnostic accuracy for these smaller fetuses. The purpose of the study is to identify the main predictors of image quality for human fetal post-mortem micro-CT imaging.

Consensus Definition of Fetal Growth Restriction in Intrauterine Fetal Death: A Delphi Procedure.

Context.—: Fetal growth restriction is a risk factor for intrauterine fetal death. Currently, definitions of fetal growth restriction in stillborns are heterogeneous.

Maceration determines diagnostic yield of fetal and neonatal whole body post-mortem ultrasound.

Objectives: To determine factors in nondiagnostic fetal and neonatal post-mortem ultrasound (PMUS) examinations.

Methods: All fetal and neonatal PMUS examinations were included over a 5-year study period (2014-2019). Nondiagnostic image quality by body parts (brain, spine, thorax, cardiac, and abdomen) was recorded and correlated with patient variables.

De Novo Mutation in a Young Boy with Cutaneous Vasculitis.

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is the protein encoded by the gene (10q23.3). mutations are related to a variety of rare diseases referred to collectively as PTEN hamartoma tumor syndromes (PHTS), which include Cowden Syndrome, Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, Proteus Syndrome, and Proteus-like syndrome.

Implications of placental pathology for disease mechanisms; methods, issues and future approaches.

Pathological examination of the placenta is a well-established investigation following delivery in order to investigate the underlying mechanisms of a range of pregnancy related complications. Several recommendations and guidelines are available regarding the indications for such placental testing. The immediate clinical rationale for this process is to identify underlying disease processes which may have an impact on the management of either the infant or the mother in future pregnancies.

Ultrastructural features of neuroblastic tumours in relation to morphological, and molecular findings; a retrospective review study.

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumour of infancy and is responsible for 15% of childhood cancer deaths. Presence of amplified MYCN in neuroblastoma is associated with poor prognosis and rapid tumour progression. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the ultrastructural features of high-risk MYCN amplified neuroblastomas, with lower-risk non-MYCN amplified tumours.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression in gestational trophoblastic disease: implications for development of immunotherapeutic approaches.

Objective: To examine the immunoexpression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), including hydatidiform moles and gestational trophoblastic tumors.

Study Design: GTN cases were identified from a referral center for trophoblastic disease, and sections were immunostained with anti-IDO antibody and classified as positive or negative for trophoblast staining relative to normal chorionic villi.

Results: Fifty-two cases were included: 10 nonmolar hydropic miscarriages (HA), 11 partial moles (PHM), 9 complete moles (CHM), 15 choriocarcinoma cases (CC) and 7 placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTT).

Juvenile papillomatosis of the breast in a male infant with Noonan syndrome, café au lait spots, and family history of breast carcinoma.

Juvenile papillomatosis (JP) of the breast is a rare condition, usually affecting women under 30 years of age. Although this is considered a benign lesion, follow-up is recommended for the patient and family since there is an association with a family history of breast carcinoma and increased risk of development of breast carcinoma. We report an infant with JP, Noonan syndrome (NS), café au lait spots, and family history of breast carcinoma.

Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood: case report and review of the literature.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue malignancy in children but is rare in adults. The latest World Health Organization classification of soft tissue tumors recognizes embryonal, alveolar, and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas. More recently, a sclerosing variant of rhabdomyosarcoma has been recognized and reported in seven adult patients.

Aberrant immunohistochemical expression in nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas of infancy: retrospective review of clinical material.

Malignant soft tissue tumors other than rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) are uncommon in infancy, representing approximately 5% of pediatric sarcomas. The pathological categorization of non-RMS soft tissue malignancies from these young patients is complicated by variation in both morphologic and immunohistochemical features. A search covering an 11-year period identified 19 patients presenting at birth or in infancy with a clinical or referral diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma.

Intravascular inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in infancy.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), previously described as inflammatory pseudotumor, can occur at any age but is a recognized soft tissue tumor of childhood. Less than 10 previous cases have been described of IMT affecting the heart, in patients ranging from 5 months to 17 years of age. We present three unusual, but similar, cases of IMT in infants, which were all predominantly intravascular in location, one of which was associated with death due to angiodestructive lesions of the coronary and cerebral arteries.