Two new freshwater crab species from the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae).

This work focuses on two new freshwater crab species from Tanzania, East Africa: Arcopotamonautes parekeeae n. sp. and A.

A new species of freshwater crab from the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania, East Africa, with a redescription of Telphusa infravallata Hilgendorf, 1898 (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae).

This work describes a new species of freshwater crab from the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania from previously unidentified museum material. A second species from these mountains, T. infravallata Hilgendorf, 1898, is redescribed based on reexamination of the type material, and its gonopods and mandible are illustrated for the first time.

Diversification of freshwater crabs on the sky islands in the Hengduan Mountains Region, China.

The numerous naturally-fragmented sky islands (SIs) in the Hengduan Mountains Region (HMR) of southwestern China constitute discontinuous landscapes where montane habitats are isolated by dry-hot valleys which have fostered exceptional species diversification and endemicity. However, studies documenting the crucial role of SI on the speciation dynamics of native freshwater organisms are scarce. Here we used a novel set of comprehensive genetic markers (24 nuclear DNA sequences and complete mitogenomes), morphological characters, and biogeographical information to reveal the evolutionary history and speciation mechanisms of a group of small-bodied montane potamids in the genus Tenuipotamon.

Description of two new species of Central African freshwater crabs from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae).

This work focuses on two species of freshwater crabs from Central Africa: Longipotamonautes bolobo n. sp. (from the Democratic Republic of the Congo), and Rotundopotamonautes rwanda n.

A checklist and key to the Ivorian freshwater crabs, with the description of a new species of Liberonautes Bott, 1955 (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae).

A new freshwater crab species of Liberonautes Bott, 1955 from Mt. Tonkori in the Upper Guinea rainforest in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa is described. Liberonautes constantini n.

Discovery of Buea bangem Mvogo Ndongo, von Rintelen, Tomedi-Eyango & Cumberlidge, 2020 (Crustacea: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae: Liberonautinae) from Mt. Nlonako Wildlife Reserve, Cameroon.

N/A.

Phylogenetic relationships among the species of the Cameroonian endemic freshwater crab genus Cumberlidge, 1994 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamonautidae), with notes on intraspecific morphological variation within two threatened species.

Cumberlidge, 1994 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamonautidae) currently includes four endemic Cameroonian freshwater crab species whose phylogenetic relationships were previously unresolved. In the present study, phylogenetic analyses are carried out involving three mtDNA loci (COI, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA). The COI locus revealed divergence times of 5.

Mitogenome phylogeny reveals Indochina Peninsula origin and spatiotemporal diversification of freshwater crabs (Potamidae: Potamiscinae) in China.

The Asian potamid subfamily Potamiscinae is the most species-rich group of primary freshwater crabs in the world, and a large number of these (318 species in 52 genera) are found in China where they exhibit a remarkably high rate of endemism. However, the evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships of this subfamily is still poorly understood and the hypothesis that the Chinese potamids originated in the Indochina Peninsula has yet to be tested using a modern phylogeographic reconstruction and molecular dating methods. Here we analyze the phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history of the Chinese potamiscines based on whole mitogenomes of 72 species of Asian freshwater crabs representing 65% of the potamiscine genera found in China, including new mitogenome sequences for 57 species.

A novel gene order and remolded tRNAs revealed in the mitogenome of Asian gecarcinucid freshwater crabs (Brachyura, Gecarcinucidae).

Here we report the first mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of four species of gecarcinucid freshwater crabs (FWCs) in two genera, two from China (Somanniathelphusa hainanensis and S. yangshanensis), one from Laos (Esanthelphusa dugasti), and one from Myanmar (Esanthelphusa keyini). A novel gecarcinucid mitochondrial gene order (GMGO2) that was only found in E.

Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae).

The taxonomy of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, Potamonautes adeleae Bott, 1968, P. macrobrachii Bott, 1953, and P. kensleyi Cumberlidge Tavares, 2006, is revised based on examination of the paratypes and new material.

Disentangling the Sudanonautes granulatus (Balss, 1929) species complex (Potamoidea: Potamonautidae), with the description of two new freshwater crabs from Nigeria and Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa.

The taxonomic status of the widely distributed West and Central African freshwater crab Sudanonautes granulatus (Balss, 1929) sensu lato is revised in the light of improved morphological evidence which indicates that this taxon is a complex comprising at least 4 species: Sudanonautes granulatus (Balss, 1929) sensu stricto from Togo, S. koudougou n. sp.

A new species of the freshwater crab genus Cumberlidge & Clark, 1992 (Crustacea, Potamonautidae) endemic to the forested highlands of southwestern Cameroon, Central Africa.

A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Cumberlidge & Clark, 1992 is described from Mount Manengouba Reserve and Bakossi National Park in the tropical rainforests of southwestern Cameroon, Central Africa. is recognized by characters of the carapace and chelipeds. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis based on partial sequences of three mitochondrial DNA genes (COI, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA) that included representatives of all other freshwater crab genera found in Cameroon recovered each of the new species as a distinct lineage.

Endemicity of Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and mapping reveals stability of transmission in endemic foci for a multi-host parasite system.

Paragonimiasis is caused by zoonotic trematodes of Paragonimus spp., found in Asia, the Americas and Africa, particularly in tropical regions. These parasites have a complex, multi-host life cycle, with mammalian definitive hosts and larval stages cycling through two intermediate hosts (snails and freshwater decapod crustaceans).

A strategy for the next decade to address data deficiency in neglected biodiversity.

Measuring progress toward international biodiversity targets requires robust information on the conservation status of species, which the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species provides. However, data and capacity are lacking for most hyperdiverse groups, such as invertebrates, plants, and fungi, particularly in megadiverse or high-endemism regions. Conservation policies and biodiversity strategies aimed at halting biodiversity loss by 2020 need to be adapted to tackle these information shortfalls after 2020.

Rapid divergent coevolution of Sinopotamon freshwater crab genitalia facilitates a burst of species diversification.

One of the most striking radiations in brachyuran evolution is the considerable morphological diversification of the external reproductive structures of primary freshwater crabs: the male first gonopod (G1) and the female vulva (FV). However, the lack of quantitative studies, especially the lack of data on female genitalia, has seriously limited our understanding of genital evolution in these lineages. Here we examined 69 species of the large Chinese potamid freshwater crab genus Sinopotamon Bott, 1967 (more than 80% of the described species).

Phylogenetic implications of mitogenome rearrangements in East Asian potamiscine freshwater crabs (Brachyura: Potamidae).

We present here a combined mitogenome gene order dataset totalling 62% of the known genera of East Asian potamiscine freshwater crabs that includes first-time mitogenome data for 14 species and gene order data from 37 other species of potamiscines. A surprisingly high number of mitogenome gene order rearrangements were found in the taxa studied (comprising nine different rearrangements and seven major patterns, one of which has two sub-arrangements). Our phylogenetic reconstructions indicate that the mitogenome gene order rearrangements are associated with the evolutionary history of potamiscine lineages.

Taxonomic revision of the endemic Cameroonian freshwater crab genus Cumberlidge, 1994 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamonautidae), with descriptions of two new species from Nkongsamba and Yabassi.

The taxonomy of the freshwater crab genus Cumberlidge, 1994, is reviewed based on type material and newly obtained specimens from three different localities in southwestern Cameroon. The genus is endemic to Cameroon and previously included two species: (Bott, 1969) (type species) from Lake Ossa wetland complex (altitudes below 400 m asl) and (Bott, 1959) from Kumba and Mt. Manengouba (altitudes above 1300 m asl).

Crab-fishing by chimpanzees in the Nimba Mountains, Guinea.

The significance of aquatic food resources for hominins is poorly understood, despite evidence of consumption as early as 1.95 million years ago (Ma). Here we present the first evidence of a non-human ape habitually catching and consuming aquatic crabs.

Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in West and Central Africa: unresolved questions.

Paragonimiasis, human lung fluke disease, is a foodborne anthropozoonosis caused by the trematodes assigned to Paragonimus and is regarded by the World Health Organization as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). The life cycle of this medically important parasite centres on a complex freshwater biological community that includes two intermediate hosts: a mollusc and a decapod, usually a brachyuran. Although there is a perception that the biology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of Paragonimus is well understood, in reality, this is not the case, especially in Africa.

Lost species in Cameroon: rediscovery of the endangered freshwater crab, Louisea balssi (Bott, 1959) (Brachyura: Potamonautidae), with notes on its ecology and conservation.

The rare and endangered Cameroonian potamonautid freshwater crab, Louisea balssi (Bott, 1959), was recently rediscovered after not having been seen for the last 109 years and presumed extinct. The new specimens of L. balssi were collected from the Southwest Region of Cameroon, about 80 km from the type locality, and include the first adult male to be recorded for this species.

Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of freshwater crab of the genus Bott, 1955 (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae) from Cameroon, with notes on its ecology.

A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Sudanonautes Bott, 1955, is described from the tropical rainforests of Edea and Tiko in southern Cameroon, Central Africa. Sudanonautes tiko n. sp.

New data on the taxonomy, ecology, and conservation of the rediscovered (Bott, 1969) (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae), an endangered freshwater crab from Cameroon.

The rare and endangered Cameroonian potamonautid freshwater crab Louisea edeaensis (Bott, 1969) was recently rediscovered during a biological inventory of the freshwater decapods of southern Cameroon. The previous record dated back more than 100 years. The new specimens allow an updated diagnosis of the species based on comparisons of important taxonomic characters.