The Effect of Telemedicine in Glycemic Control in Adult Patients with Diabetes during the COVID-19 Era-A Systematic Review.

Telemedicine can be an effective tool for managing chronic diseases. The disruption in traditional diabetes care resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic led to global interest in telemedicine. With this manuscript, we evaluated the use of telemedicine for the management of diabetes during the pandemic and its impact on glycemic control, focusing on retrospective and prospective studies which included adult, non-pregnant patients with diabetes.

Blood Transfusion Indicators Following Trauma in the Non-Massively Bleeding Patient.

Background: Establishing transfusion guidelines during trauma resuscitation is challenging. Our objective was to evaluate indications for transfusion in trauma patients who emergently received ≤2 units of red blood cells (RBC) during the first hour of resuscitation.

Methods: A single center retrospective study included non-massively bleeding trauma patients stratified into 2 groups: 1) with a clinical indication for transfusion and 2) with no indication for transfusion.

Organ Dysfunction and Failure Following Brain Death Do Not Preclude Successful Donation.

Background: Organ dysfunction is common after neurologic determination of death (NDD) but before organ collection. Reliable markers for graft success following transplant of these organs would be useful. We sought to determine the relationship between the donor after neurologic determination of death (DNDD) pathophysiology and successful organ donation.

Automated continuous vital signs predict use of uncrossed matched blood and massive transfusion following trauma.

Background: Recognizing the use of uncross-matched packed red blood cells (UnXRBCs) or predicting the need for massive transfusion (MT) in injured patients with hemorrhagic shock can be challenging.A validated predictive model could accelerate decision making regarding transfusion.

Methods: Three transfusion outcomes were evaluated in adult trauma patients admitted to a Level I trauma center during a 4-year period (2009-2012): use of UnXRBC, use of greater than 4 U of packed red blood cells within 4 hours (MT1), and use of equal to or greater than 10 U of packed red blood cells within 24 hours (MT2).

Exercise training in obese older adults prevents increase in bone turnover and attenuates decrease in hip bone mineral density induced by weight loss despite decline in bone-active hormones.

Weight loss therapy to improve health in obese older adults is controversial because it causes further bone loss. Therefore, it is recommended that weight loss therapy should include an intervention such as exercise training (ET) to minimize bone loss. The purpose of this study was to determine the independent and combined effects of weight loss and ET on bone metabolism in relation to bone mineral density (BMD) in obese older adults.

Weight loss, exercise, or both and physical function in obese older adults.

Background: Obesity exacerbates the age-related decline in physical function and causes frailty in older adults; however, the appropriate treatment for obese older adults is controversial.

Methods: In this 1-year, randomized, controlled trial, we evaluated the independent and combined effects of weight loss and exercise in 107 adults who were 65 years of age or older and obese. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group, a weight-management (diet) group, an exercise group, or a weight-management-plus-exercise (diet-exercise) group.