Evaluation of maximal mouth opening for healthy Indian children: Percentiles and impact of age, gender, and height.

Background And Aim: Maximal mouth opening (MMO) is used as a marker of masticatory pathology. However, MMO among children varies considerably with their age, height, sex, and race. While accurate percentile of normal mouth opening and relationship with anthropometric measurement are not precisely defined for the Indian population, we designed prospective, observational study to define the percentiles for normal MMO in our children.

Disseminated tuberculosis with paradoxical miliary tuberculomas of brain in a child with rickets.

Intracranial tuberculomas continue to be a serious complication of central nervous system tuberculosis. Multiple central nervous system tuberculoma is commonly associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The development of intracranial tuberculomas has been thought to be caused by hematogenous spread of tubercle bacilli on the surface of brain parenchyma from the primary site of infection.

Clinico - diagnostic and therapeutic relevance of computed tomography scan of brain in children with partial seizures.

Background: Therapeutic relevance of computed tomography (CT) in children with partial seizures is reported to be remarkably low (1-2%). However, in the developing countries where infections involving the nervous system are common, routine CT scan of brain may help in finding treatable causes of seizures.

Objective: Aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of CT scan of brain in the management of children with partial seizures.

Imaging features of double aortic arch shown by multidetector computed tomography angiography.

We present a three-dimensional reconstructed image of vascular ring in a 2.5-month-old patient, which was obtained using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). MDCT angiography made an accurate diagnosis of this life-threatening, but correctable, anomaly in an infant with a stridor, repeated respiratory infections and episodes of apnea.

Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus via internal jugular vein in patient with interrupted inferior vena cava.

Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using various occluders and coils via femoral vein is a well established therapeutic option. However, in patients with interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) it is not feasible to close the PDA percutaneously using traditional methods. We present a nine-year-old girl with IVC interruption in whom percutaneous closure of PDA was successfully accomplished via the transjugular approach.

Fatal secondary pulmonary hypertension due to cardiac involvement in AIDS-associated Burkitt's lymphoma.

Primary cardiac lymphomas are rare lesions in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Most of them are high-grade Burkitt's or Burkitt-like lymphomas. They usually present with congestive cardiac failure, pericardial effusion or tamponade, arrhythmias, with predominant systemic 'B' symptoms and often with widespread extranodal involvement.