Prognostic significance of annexin A2 and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma and their relation to Sunitinib resistance.

Sunitinib, an antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the main treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Development of resistance is a major obstacle against therapy success. The aim of this study was to assess annexin A2 and CD163+ tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) immunohistochemical expression in 50 mRCC cases as regard to patients' prognosis and Sunitinib response.

Evaluation of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression in colorectal carcinoma: Relation to the available clinicopathological parameters.

Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract, representing an incredible health problem. It is essential to develop drugs against novel targets--involved in CRC tumorigenesis and progression--to improve the management of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression in CRC, and to associate their expression with the available clinicopathological parameters.

Evaluation of the prognostic significance of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) in lung carcinoma and its relation to lymphangiogenesis and epithelial mesenchymal transition.

Exploring the carcinogenic mechanisms of lung carcinoma helps to discover novel prognostic biomarkers and develop new therapeutic options to improve patient's survival. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1), a transmembrane protein, contributes to cancer progression and metastasis; via stimulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotion of angiogenesis. This makes ROR1 an important target for tumor therapy.

Medulloblastoma: clinicopathological parameters, risk stratification, and survival analysis of immunohistochemically validated molecular subgroups.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a heterogeneous disease, displaying distinct genetic profiles with specific molecular subgroups. This study aimed to validate MB molecular subgrouping using surrogate immunohistochemistry and associate molecular subgroups, histopathological types, and available clinicopathological parameters with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of MB patients. This study included 40 MBs; immunohistochemical staining, using β-catenin and GRB2-Associated Binding Protein 1 (GAB1) antibodies, was used to classify MB cases into wingless signaling activated (WNT), sonic hedgehog (SHH), and non-WNT/SHH molecular subgroups.