Trends in Medicare Coverage of Overactive Bladder Medications in the United States.

Importance: Strong evidence demonstrates long-term cognitive decline associated with anticholinergics. While prevalent among older populations, medical management of overactive bladder (OAB) is dictated by insurance coverage rather than medical provider and patient preferences.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess Medicare insurance plan coverage for select OAB medications and evaluate coverage of preferred medications to medications with a greater risk of cognitive dysfunction.

A Comparison of U.S. Individual and Family Plan Medication Coverage for Overactive Bladder.

Importance: There is strong evidence for long-term cognitive effects with anticholinergic use. Differences in insurance coverage of anticholinergics and beta-3 agonists hinder individualization of overactive bladder (OAB) treatment.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to assess individual and family health insurance plan coverage for select OAB medications and to compare coverage of preferred medications to those with a greater risk of cognitive dysfunction.

Sexual Dysfunction and Dyspareunia in the Setting of the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause.

Sexual dysfunction is a common consequence of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). In this book chapter, we discuss the pathophysiology, prevalence, evaluation, and evidence-based management of sexual dysfunction in patients affected by GSM. Additionally, we present an algorithm to guide clinicians in the management and treatment of sexual dysfunction in this setting based on available evidence and best practices.

Induction of Cellular Senescence in Rat Vaginal Fibroblasts and Treatment With Senolytics: An in Vitro Model for the Study of Pelvic Organ Prolapse.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro model of cellular senescence using rat vaginal fibroblasts and determine the effects of treatment with senolytics.

Methods: Rat vaginal tissue biopsies were collected. Primary vaginal fibroblasts were isolated and characterized by immunofluorescence.

Impact of vaginal distention on cell senescence in an animal model of pelvic organ prolapse.

Objective: Cellular senescence, associated with aging, leads to impaired tissue regeneration. We hypothesize that vaginal injury initiates cell senescence, further propagated during aging resulting in pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Our objective was to employ a mouse model of POP (Fibulin-5 knockout mice, Fbln5) to determine if vaginal distention leads to cellular senescence and POP.