Deep Learning to Predict the Future Growth of Geographic Atrophy from Fundus Autofluorescence.

Purpose: The region of growth (ROG) of geographic atrophy (GA) throughout the macular area has an impact on visual outcomes. Here, we developed multiple deep learning models to predict the 1-year ROG of GA lesions using fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images.

Design: In this retrospective analysis, 3 types of models were developed using FAF images collected 6 months after baseline to predict the GA lesion area (segmented lesion mask) at 1.

Visual Loss in Geographic Atrophy: Learnings From the Lampalizumab Trials.

Purpose: To assess the correlation of lesion growth rate and baseline factors, including foveal involvement and focality, on visual loss as measured by best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Retrospective analysis of the lampalizumab phase 3 (NCT02247479 and NCT02247531) and prospective observational (NCT02479386) trials.

Participants: Patients with bilateral GA.

Topographic Clinical Insights From Deep Learning-Based Geographic Atrophy Progression Prediction.

Purpose: To explore the contributions of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) topographic imaging features to the performance of convolutional neural network-based deep learning (DL) algorithms in predicting geographic atrophy (GA) growth rate.

Methods: Retrospective study with data from study eyes from three clinical trials (NCT02247479, NCT02247531, NCT02479386) in GA. The algorithm was initially trained with full FAF images, and its performance was considered benchmark.

Machine Learning to Predict Faricimab Treatment Outcome in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To develop machine learning (ML) models to predict, at baseline, treatment outcomes at month 9 in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) receiving faricimab.

Design: Retrospective proof of concept study.

Participants: Patients enrolled in the phase II AVENUE trial (NCT02484690) of faricimab in nAMD.

Multi-ancestry GWAS analysis identifies two novel loci associated with diabetic eye disease and highlights APOL1 as a high risk locus in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes. Approximately 20% of DR patients have diabetic macular edema (DME) characterized by fluid leakage into the retina. There is a genetic component to DR and DME risk, but few replicable loci.

Geographic Atrophy Segmentation Using Multimodal Deep Learning.

Purpose: To examine deep learning (DL)-based methods for accurate segmentation of geographic atrophy (GA) lesions using fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and near-infrared (NIR) images.

Methods: This retrospective analysis utilized imaging data from study eyes of patients enrolled in Proxima A and B (NCT02479386; NCT02399072) natural history studies of GA. Two multimodal DL networks (UNet and YNet) were used to automatically segment GA lesions on FAF; segmentation accuracy was compared with annotations by experienced graders.

Deep Learning to Predict Geographic Atrophy Area and Growth Rate from Multimodal Imaging.

Objective: To develop deep learning models for annualized geographic atrophy (GA) growth rate prediction using fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images and spectral-domain OCT volumes from baseline visits, which can be used for prognostic covariate adjustment to increase power of clinical trials.

Design: This retrospective analysis estimated GA growth rate as the slope of a linear fit on all available measurements of lesion area over a 2-year period. Three multitask deep learning models-FAF-only, OCT-only, and multimodal (FAF and OCT)-were developed to predict concurrent GA area and annualized growth rate.

Correlation of Volume of Macular Edema with Retinal Tomography Features in Diabetic Retinopathy Eyes.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables the detection of macular edema, a significant pathological outcome of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The aim of the study was to correlate edema volume with the severity of diabetic retinopathy and response to treatment with intravitreal injections (compared to baseline). Diabetic retinopathy (DR; = 181) eyes were imaged with OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany).

A Prospective OCT Study of Rubella Retinopathy.

Purpose: To analyze rubella retinopathy qualitatively and quantitatively in children diagnosed with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) using a handheld spectral-domain (SD) OCT device.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, nonrandomized, comparative observational study in a tertiary eye care center in south India.

Participants: Cases comprised 24 eyes of 13 children diagnosed with CRS based on seropositivity with rubella retinopathy.

Quantitative Comparison Between Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Fundus Fluorescein Angiography Images: Effect of Vessel Enhancement.

Background And Objective: To compare the vascular parameters derived from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) images.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-two eyes of 22 patients were imaged with OCTA and FFA. FFA images were cropped to the same dimension as OCTA images after registration.

Quantitative Comparison of Retinal Vascular Features in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Images From Three Different Devices.

Background And Objective: To compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images from three different devices.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study. All eyes (n = 24) were imaged thrice each time with swept-source OCT (DRI OCT Triton Plus; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan), spectral-domain OCTA (AngioVue; Optovue, Fremont, CA), and SD-OCT Angioplex (Cirrus HD-OCT 5000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany).

Quantitative evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography images of diabetic retinopathy eyes before and after removal of projection artifacts.

Projection artifacts (PAs) affect the quantification of vascular parameters in the deep layer optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography image. This study eliminated PA and quantified its effect on imaging. 53 eyes (30 subjects) of normal Indian subjects and 113 eyes (92 patients) of type 2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy (DR) underwent imaging with a scan area of 3 mm × 3 mm.

Age and myopia associated optical coherence tomography of retina and choroid in pediatric eyes.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between retinal and choroidal thickness and volume along with choroidal vessel volume in children using optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.

Methods: 113 normal eyes of children ranging from 5-17 years of age were imaged with a clinical OCT scanner (Optovue Inc., Fremont, USA).

An automated framework to quantify areas of regional ischemia in retinal vascular diseases with OCT angiography.

In this observational and cross-sectional study, capillary nonperfusion (CNP) and vascular changes in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO, sample size [n] = 26) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV, n = 29) were evaluated. Subjects underwent imaging using Optical coherence tomography angiography (Angiovue OCTA, RTVue XR, Optovue Inc., Fremont, California).

Discriminant Function of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Determine Disease Severity in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the discriminant function of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) by disease severity in glaucoma.

Methods: In this prospective, observational cross-sectional study, all subjects underwent visual fields, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measurements, and OCTA imaging. Local fractal analysis was applied to OCTA images (radial peripapillary capillaries [RPC] layer).

Linking Retinal Microvasculature Features With Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To correlate retinal vascular features with severity and systemic indicators of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A total of 209 eyes of 122 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with DR and 60 eyes of 31 normal Indian subjects underwent OCTA imaging. The diabetic retinopathy patients were graded as having either nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR: mild, moderate, and severe NPDR using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study classification) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Quantification of Vessel Density in Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Images Using Local Fractal Dimension.

Purpose: To evaluate a fully automated local fractal dimension method to quantify vessel density and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images.

Methods: Fifty-two healthy Asian Indian eyes underwent imaging prospectively with OCTA system. Superficial and deep retinal vascular plexus was imaged.