Atypical Onset and Imaging Characteristics in Non-demyelinating Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is typically associated with central nervous system inflammation and demyelination in younger populations; however, rare cases of isolated encephalitis in the elderly have been reported. This article presents the case of an 80-year-old male with mild cognitive impairment who developed progressive cognitive decline and a focal seizure. Despite negative imaging findings, elevated serum MOG antibody titers and pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis suggested MOG antibody encephalitis.

Analysis of leadership and team management skills of middle-level healthcare managers of Valsad district, Gujarat.

Background: The healthcare managers need to develop the managerial skills and use it for better healthcare delivery. A manager requires leadership skill to empower employees and motivate them to work in an efficient manner to achieve organizational goal. Motivating employees/subordinates and developing positive attitude toward them is one of the crucial skills that the leader needs to develop.

American society of pediatric otolaryngology vascular anomalies task force review of tongue venous malformations: Techniques, pearls, and pitfalls.

Management of tongue venous malformations can be challenging in the pediatric population due to their heterogeneity in presentation, extent of involvement and functional compromise. It is important to recognize the value of various treatment options in order to guide management of each patient in an individualized fashion. Here we describe a series of patients with tongue venous malformations that are managed using diverse modalities to illustrate the relative benefits and risks of each technique.

Systematic review of pediatric postcricoid cushion and postcricoid lesions.

Objectives: It is thought that many infants have a prominent venous plexus of the postcricoid area. In the past this entity had occasionally been reported as a postcricoid hemangioma or even a postcricoid mass. The term postcricoid cushion is now gaining acceptance to describe the prominent venous plexus of the posterior cricoid area.

Multi-institutional quality improvement case series: Pediatric airway emergencies leading to the creation of a pediatric otolaryngology airway cart.

To describe a specialty pediatric airway emergency cart developed as a multi-institutional quality improvement initiative for difficult pediatric intubations. This study was a retrospective case series at two academic tertiary care centers. Baseline data was compiled from consecutive difficult airway cases from 2018 to 2020 and presented to the performance improvement coordinating group to determine whether a specialty emergency airway cart would be of use.

Dynamics of lidocaine in topical anesthesia for office-based laryngeal procedures: A pilot study.

Objectives: To study topical lidocaine for office-based laryngeal procedures recording onset, duration, and subjective experience of topical anesthesia.

Study Design: Nine healthy volunteers were anesthetized with 4 % lidocaine endoscopically. Laryngeal sensitivity prior to and during anesthesia was recorded until normal sensation returned measured by air-puff sensory testing.

A two-stage in vivo approach for implanting a 3D printed tissue-engineered tracheal replacement graft: A proof of concept.

Objectives: To optimize a 3D printed tissue-engineered tracheal construct using a combined in vitro and a two-stage in vivo technique.

Methods: A 3D-CAD (Computer-aided Design) template was created; rabbit chondrocytes were harvested and cultured. A Makerbot Replicator™ 2x was used to print a polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold which was then combined with a bio-ink and the previously harvested chondrocytes.

Systematic review of pediatric mandibular arteriovenous malformations.

Objectives: The management of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can be challenging in the pediatric population. It is of utmost importance to keep in mind various management options as these lesions can have disastrous outcomes. This is a systematic review of the treatment AVMs describing the current practices so that practitioners can be aware of what is currently reported in the literature.

Adenoidectomy: Inpatient criteria study.

Objectives: Current practices for admission for overnight observation after an adenoidectomy alone vary from hospital to hospital, as there are currently no studies that provide evidence for overnight observation criteria. The objective of this study is to determine any relationships between risk factors and postoperative complications or interventions in patients under 2-years-old who undergo adenoidectomy and use this data to form a set of guidelines that may be used to stratify patients for inpatient observation.

Methods: Consecutive pediatric adenoidectomy without tonsillectomy cases in children younger than 2-years-old with subsequent inpatient observation from January 2014 to October 2018 were reviewed at a single tertiary children's institution using electronic medical records.

Pediatric COVID-19: Systematic review of the literature.

Objectives: There is limited data regarding the demographics and clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. This information is especially important as pneumonia is the single leading cause of death in children worldwide. This Systematic Review aims to elucidate a better understanding of the global impact of COVID-19 on the pediatric population.

The use of 3D printing in shared decision making for a juvenile aggressive ossifying fibroma in a pediatric patient.

Juvenile aggressive ossifying fibromas (JAOF) are rare, typically benign pediatric tumors that are locally aggressive and have high recurrence rates. A 7-year old male presented with a palatal mass and a 3D printed model was created and used as a visual aide to highlight the importance of management in terms of functional, cosmetic, and disease-free outcomes with the family. The patient ultimately underwent successful enucleation with final pathology consistent with JAOF.

Herpes simplex virus of the nose masquerading as invasive fungal sinusitis: A pediatric case series.

The management of invasive fungal sinusitis differs greatly from the management of herpes simplex virus (HSV) of the nose in immunocompromised patients. However, the diagnosis may be uncertain and a delay in treatment can lead to mortality. Here we describe the successful medical management of a series of immunocompromised pediatric patients with HSV lesions of the nose with the initial concern for invasive fungal sinusitis.

Pediatric Cervical Lymphadenopathy.

Cervical lymphadenopathy affects as many as 90% of children aged 4 to 8 years. With so many children presenting to doctors' offices and emergency departments, a systematic approach to diagnosis and evaluation must be considered. In the following review, we aim to provide the pediatric clinician with a general framework for an appropriate history and physical examination, while giving guidance on initial diagnostic laboratory testing, imaging, and potential need for biopsy.

Antibody expression stability in CHO clonally derived cell lines and their subclones: Role of methylation in phenotypic and epigenetic heterogeneity.

Routine CHO cell line development practices involve a lengthy process of iteratively screening clonally derived cell lines to identify a single line suitable for IND filing and clinical manufacture. Paramount in this process is development of a stable production cell line having consistent growth, productivity and product quality for the entire generational length of the manufacturing process. Scale-down stability models used to screen clones for consistency are time consuming and often a rate-limiting step in clone selection.

A clinical pathway for the postoperative management of hypocalcemia after pediatric thyroidectomy reduces blood draws.

Objectives: Postoperative calcium management is challenging following pediatric thyroidectomy given potential limitations in self-reporting symptoms and compliance with phlebotomy. A protocol was created at our tertiary children's institution utilizing intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels to guide electrolyte management during hospitalization. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a new thyroidectomy postoperative management protocol on two primary outcomes: (1) the number of postoperative calcium blood draws and (2) the length of hospital stay.

Pediatric airway study: Endoscopic grading system for quantifying tonsillar size in comparison to standard adenotonsillar grading systems.

Significance: Current grading systems may not allow clinicians to reliably document and communicate adenotonsillar size in the clinical setting. A validated endoscopic grading system may be useful for reporting tonsillar size in future clinical outcome studies. This is especially important as tonsillar enlargement is the cause of a substantial health care burden on children.

Introduction of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery FACE TO FACE Database.

The American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery FACE TO FACE database was created to gather and organize patient data primarily from international humanitarian surgical mission trips, as well as local humanitarian initiatives. Similar to cloud-based Electronic Medical Records, this web-based user-generated database allows for more accurate tracking of provider and patient information and outcomes, regardless of site, and is useful when coordinating follow-up care for patients. The database is particularly useful on international mission trips as there are often different surgeons who may provide care to patients on subsequent missions, and patients who may visit more than 1 mission site.

Systematic review and case report: Intracranial complications of pediatric sinusitis.

Context: Intracranial complications of rhinosinusitis are rare in the post-antibiotic era. However, due to potentially devastating outcomes, prompt recognition and management are essential.

Objective: This study aims to perform the first systematic review of the intracranial complications of rhinosinusitis in order to better characterize their clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment, and report a case of frontal lobe empyema secondary to pediatric frontoethmoid sinusitis.

Case series: Internal jugular vein ectasia in pediatric patients.

Jugular vein ectasia is a dilation of the vein without tortuosity. This finding can easily be misdiagnosed or overlooked. Because of its rarity, many pediatricians, otolaryngologists, and pediatric surgeons are unfamiliar with this diagnosis and how to manage it.

Sporadic Multifocal Venous Malformations of the Head and Neck.

Objective. To report a case of unusually widespread sporadic venous malformations of the head and neck associated with normal D-dimer levels and, due to the protean clinical manifestations and increased risk of coagulopathy of these lesions, to review their diagnosis and clinical management. Case Report.

Follow-up audiometry after bilateral myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion.

Objective: There are no evidence-based guidelines regarding timing of postoperative audiometric follow-up for children undergoing tympanostomy tube insertion. Given the variability of follow-up among physicians, we attempt to guide the timing of postoperative audiograms using objective data.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.