VASARI 2.0: a new updated MRI VASARI lexicon to predict grading and status in brain glioma.

Introduction: Precision medicine refers to managing brain tumors according to each patient's unique characteristics when it was realized that patients with the same type of tumor differ greatly in terms of survival, responsiveness to treatment, and toxicity of medication. Precision diagnostics can now be advanced through the establishment of imaging biomarkers, which necessitates quantitative image acquisition and processing. The VASARI (Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images) manual annotation methodology is an ideal and suitable way to determine the accurate association between genotype and imaging phenotype.

N-terminal cleavage of cyclophilin D boosts its ability to bind F-ATP synthase.

Cyclophilin (CyP) D is a regulator of the mitochondrial F-ATP synthase. Here we report the discovery of a form of CyPD lacking the first 10 (mouse) or 13 (human) N-terminal residues (ΔN-CyPD), a protein region with species-specific features. NMR studies on recombinant human full-length CyPD (FL-CyPD) and ΔN-CyPD form revealed that the N-terminus is highly flexible, in contrast with the rigid globular part.

Pediatric occupant-to-occupant interaction responses in side impact conditions using Q-dummy and child human body models.

Objective: Road safety of children has improved considerably over the past decade; however, there is still much scope to better protect these occupants. Ensuring adequate protection of children seated in the rear seats requires a greater understanding of how children are injured in side crashes. The purpose of this study was to enhance the knowledge of children's potential injuries in side impact collisions by the investigation of two different child sizes seated in different positions in the rear seats.

Stage of lactation, parity, breed, milk composition, and minerals affect the nonenzymatic antioxidant activity of sheep milk.

The aims of this study were to (1) characterize sheep milk for nonenzymatic antioxidant activity via 2 different assays, namely the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), and (2) investigate the effect of milk composition and animal-related parameters on these 2 assays by using the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) approach. A total of 740 ewes belonging to the Massese and Comisana breeds were sampled once during the morning milking across 11 sampling sessions. All milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, CN, and lactose, SCS, and minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, and Cl).

Outcomes in the Asian subgroup of the phase III randomised HIMALAYA study of tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: In the global, phase III HIMALAYA study in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), STRIDE (Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab) improved overall survival (OS) vs. sorafenib; durvalumab was non-inferior to sorafenib. HBV is the predominant HCC aetiology in most of Asia vs.

A novel multistep approach to standardize the reported risk factors for in-hospital falls: a proof-of-concept study.

Background: Uncertainty and inconsistency in terminology regarding the risk factors (RFs) for in-hospital falls are present in the literature.

Objective: (1) To perform a literature review to identify the fall RFs among hospitalized adults; (2) to link the found RFs to the corresponding categories of international health classifications to reduce the heterogeneity of their definitions; (3) to perform a meta-analysis on the risk categories to identify the significant RFs; (4) to refine the final list of significant categories to avoid redundancies.

Methods: Four databases were investigated.

Reduced precipitation can induce ecosystem regime shifts in lakes by increasing internal nutrient recycling.

Eutrophication is a main threat to continental aquatic ecosystems. Prevention and amelioration actions have been taken under the assumption of a stable climate, which needs reconsideration. Here, we show that reduced precipitation can bring a lake ecosystem to a more productive regime even with a decline in nutrient external load.

Patient-Reported Outcomes From the Phase III HIMALAYA Study of Tremelimumab Plus Durvalumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: In the phase III HIMALAYA study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03298451) in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), the Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab (STRIDE) regimen significantly improved overall survival versus sorafenib, and durvalumab monotherapy was noninferior to sorafenib. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), a secondary outcome from HIMALAYA, are reported here.

Characteristics and outcomes of cerebral venous thrombosis associated with COVID-19.

Introduction: Previous reports and meta-analyses derived from small case series reported a mortality rate of up to 40% in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated cerebral venous thrombosis (COVID-CVT). We assessed the clinical characteristics and outcomes in an international cohort of patients with COVID-CVT.

Patients And Methods: This was a registry study of consecutive COVID-CVT patients diagnosed between March 2020 and March 2023.

Subtype Identification of Surgically Curable Primary Aldosteronism During Treatment With Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade.

Background: Current guidelines and consensus documents recommend withdrawal of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) before primary aldosteronism (PA) subtyping by adrenal vein sampling (AVS), but this practice can cause severe hypokalemia and uncontrolled high blood pressure. Our aim was to investigate if unilateral PA can be identified by AVS during MRA treatment.

Methods: We compared the rate of unilateral PA identification between patients with and without MRA treatment in large data sets of patients submitted to AVS while off renin-angiotensin system blockers and β-blockers.

A comparison of genetic and genomic breeding values in Saanen and Alpine goats.

Nowadays, several countries are developing or adopting genomic selection in the dairy goat sector. The most used method to estimate breeding values is Single-Step Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (ssGBLUP) which offers several advantages in terms of computational process and accuracy of the estimated breeding values (EBVs). Saanen and Alpine are the predominant dairy goat breeds in Italy, and both have similar breeding programs where EBVs for productive traits are currently calculated using BLUP.

Voltage and propagation mapping: New tools to improve successful ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia.

Introduction: Mapping system is useful in ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) and localization of anatomic variances. Voltage mapping identifies a low voltage area in the Koch triangle called low-voltage-bridge (LVB); propagation mapping identifies the collision point (CP) of atrial wavefront convergence. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the relationship between LVB and CP with successful site of ablation and identify standard value for LVB.

Four-year overall survival update from the phase III HIMALAYA study of tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: In the phase III HIMALAYA study (NCT03298451) in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), STRIDE (Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab) significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus sorafenib; durvalumab monotherapy was noninferior to sorafenib for OS. Results reported herein are from a 4-year updated OS analysis of HIMALAYA.

Patients And Methods: Participants with uHCC and no previous systemic treatment were randomized to STRIDE (n = 393), durvalumab (n = 389), or sorafenib (n = 389).

The Delphi Delirium Management Algorithms. A practical tool for clinicians, the result of a modified Delphi expert consensus approach.

Delirium is common in hospitalised patients, and there is currently no specific treatment. Identifying and treating underlying somatic causes of delirium is the first priority once delirium is diagnosed. Several international guidelines provide clinicians with an evidence-based approach to screening, diagnosis and symptomatic treatment.

Cannabis use disorder contributes to cognitive dysfunction in Veterans with traumatic brain injury.

Background: While emerging evidence supports a link between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and progressive cognitive dysfunction in Veterans, there is insufficient information on the impact of cannabis use disorder (CUD) on long-term cognitive disorders. This study aimed to examine the incidences of cognitive disorders in Veterans with TBI and CUD and to evaluate their relationship.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the US Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense administrative data from the Long-term Impact of Military-Relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Phenotype study.

The economic impact of cannabis use disorder and dementia diagnosis in veterans diagnosed with traumatic brain injury.

Background: Studies have demonstrated that individuals diagnosed with traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently use medical and recreational cannabis to treat persistent symptoms of TBI, such as chronic pain and sleep disturbances, which can lead to cannabis use disorder (CUD). We aimed to determine the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) healthcare utilization and costs associated with CUD and dementia diagnosis in veterans with TBI.

Methods: This observational study used administrative datasets from the population of post-9/11 veterans from the Long-term Impact of Military-Relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium and the VA Data Warehouse.

Intracellular delivery of Parkin-RING0-based fragments corrects Parkin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction through interaction with SLP-2.

Background: Loss-of-function mutations in the PRKN gene, encoding Parkin, are the most common cause of autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously identified mitoch ondrial Stomatin-like protein 2 (SLP-2), which functions in the assembly of respiratory chain proteins, as a Parkin-binding protein. Selective knockdown of either Parkin or SLP-2 led to reduced mitochondrial and neuronal function in neuronal cells and Drosophila, where a double knockdown led to a further worsening of Parkin-deficiency phenotypes.

Unbalancing cAMP and Ras/MAPK pathways as a therapeutic strategy for cutaneous neurofibromas.

Cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs) are benign Schwann cell (SC) tumors arising from subepidermal glia. Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) may develop thousands of cNFs, which greatly affect their quality of life. cNF growth is driven by the proliferation of NF1-/- SCs and their interaction with the NF1+/- microenvironment.

Microsatellite imputation using SNP data for parentage verification in four Italian sheep breeds.

Microsatellite markers (MS) have been widely used for parentage verification in most of the livestock species over the past decades mainly due to their high polymorphic information content. In the genomic era, the spread of genotype information as single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has raised the question to effectively use SNPs also for parentage testing. Despite the clear advantages of SNP panels in terms of cost, accuracy, and automation, the transition from MS to SNP markers for parentage verification is still very slow and, so far, only routinely applied in cattle.

Analysis of the evolution of COVID-19 disease understanding through temporal knowledge graphs.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted two critical barriers hindering rapid response to novel pathogens. These include inefficient use of existing biological knowledge about treatments, compounds, gene interactions, proteins, etc. to fight new diseases, and the lack of assimilation and analysis of the fast-growing knowledge about new diseases to quickly develop new treatments, vaccines, and compounds.

Modeling of Proliferating CD4 and CD8 T-Cell Changes to Tremelimumab Exposure in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

The STRIDE (Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab) regimen of single-dose tremelimumab 300 mg, plus durvalumab 1,500 mg every 4 weeks demonstrated potential for long-term survival in studies of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC; Study 22 and HIMALAYA). The aim of this analysis was to investigate changes in proliferating CD4+ Ki67+ and CD8+ Ki67+ T cells and their relationship with tremelimumab exposure in patients with uHCC. Median cell count, change from baseline, and percent change from baseline in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells peaked around 14 days after STRIDE.