Deoxynivalenol exposure during pregnancy has adverse effects on placental structure and immunity in mice model.

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a highly prevalent food contaminant, is known to induce reproductive and immunotoxicity in humans upon exposure. The present study focused on the consequences of exposure to DON during pregnancy for placental barrier and immune function, as well as fetal survival. Female mice received diets contaminated with DON (6.

Exposure to Deoxynivalenol During Pregnancy and Lactation Enhances Food Allergy and Reduces Vaccine Responsiveness in the Offspring in a Mouse Model.

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a highly prevalent contaminant of grain-based products, is known to induce reproductive- and immunotoxicities. Considering the importance of immune development in early life, the present study investigated the effects of perinatal DON exposure on allergy development and vaccine responsiveness in the offspring. Pregnant mice received control or DON-contaminated diets (12.

Human Milk Oligosaccharide 3'-GL Improves Influenza-Specific Vaccination Responsiveness and Immunity after Deoxynivalenol Exposure in Preclinical Models.

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a highly prevalent mycotoxin food contaminant, is known to have immunotoxic effects. In the current study, the potential of dietary interventions with specific mixtures of trans-galactosyl-oligosaccharides (TOS) to alleviate these effects were assessed in a murine influenza vaccination model. Vaccine-specific immune responses were measured in C57Bl/6JOlaHsd mice fed diets containing DON, TOS or a combination, starting 2 weeks before the first vaccination.

Mycotoxins Disrupt the Barrier and Induce IL-6 Release in a Human Placental Epithelium Cell Line.

Deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, and zearalenone, major mycotoxins, contaminate human food on a global level. Exposure to these mycotoxins during pregnancy can lead to abnormalities in neonatal development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mycotoxins on human placental epithelial cells.

Comparison of Olfactory Function before and After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

Introduction: Olfactory loss in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis has been measured by different methods. However, the results have been variable, and it is not clear whether endoscopic sinus surgery significantly improves olfactory function. This study was performed to evaluate the influence of endoscopic sinus surgery on olfactory function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Metformin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Acute Lung Injury through Suppressing Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling.

Signaling AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensing enzyme, has been implicated in controlling inflammation. In this study we investigated whether activation of AMPK by metformin could protect the lung from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute injury by inhibitingng TLR4 pathway. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6): control group received normal saline (0.

Effect of A-769662, a direct AMPK activator, on expression and activity in mice heart tissue.

Objectives: TLR-4 activates a number of inflammatory signaling pathways. Also, AMPK could be involved in anti-inflammatory signaling. The aim of this study was to identify whether stimulation of AMPK could inhibit LPS-induced -4 gene expression in mice hearts.

AMPK activation by metformin inhibits local innate immune responses in the isolated rat heart by suppression of TLR 4-related pathway.

Toll like receptors (TLRs) are key players in the innate immune responses. The energy sensing enzyme, AMPK, has been implicated in the modulation of immunity. The present study investigated whether AMPK activation by metformin could contribute to the regulation of immune responses in the isolated heart via suppression of TLR4 activity, independent of circulatory immunity.

Comparing the Effect of Dexamethasone before and after Tracheal Intubation on Sore Throat after Tympanoplasty Surgery: A Randomized Controlled trial.

Introduction: Presence of a sore throat after surgery is a common side effect of general anesthesia with intratracheal intubation and can cause discomfort for the patient and prolong the recovery process. In this study we compared the effect of dexamethasone before and after intubation on the incidence of sore throat after tympanoplasty surgery.

Materials And Methods: In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 70 patients aged 30-60 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II who were candidates for tympanoplasty under anesthetic conditions were studied in two separate groups.