Design and commissioning of the PRIOR-II "proton microscope for FAIR".

A new high energy proton radiography facility PRIOR-II (Proton Microscope for FAIR) has been designed, constructed, and successfully commissioned at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany) pushing the technical boundaries of charged particle radiography with normal conducting magnets to the limits. The setup is foreseen to become a new and powerful user facility for carrying out fundamental science experiments in the fields of plasma and shock wave physics, material science, and medical physics. It will help address several unsolved scientific challenges, which require high-speed and precise non-invasive diagnostic methods capable of probing matter with up to 100 g/cm2 areal density.

E.PathDash, pathway activation analysis of publicly available pathogen gene expression data.

Unlabelled: E.PathDash facilitates re-analysis of gene expression data from pathogens clinically relevant to chronic respiratory diseases, including a total of 48 studies, 548 samples, and 404 unique treatment comparisons. The application enables users to assess broad biological stress responses at the KEGG pathway or gene ontology level and also provides data for individual genes.

transcriptome analysis of metal restriction in cystic fibrosis sputum.

Chronic lung infections are a feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) that many patients experience even with the advent of highly effective modulator therapies. Identifying factors that impact in the CF lung could yield novel strategies to eradicate infection or otherwise improve outcomes. To complement published studies using laboratory models or RNA isolated from sputum, we analyzed transcripts of strain PAO1 after incubation in sputum from different CF donors prior to RNA extraction.

Rocket-miR, a translational launchpad for miRNA-based antimicrobial drug development.

Antimicrobial-resistant infections contribute to millions of deaths worldwide every year. In particular, the group of bacteria collectively known as ESKAPE ( and sp) pathogens are of considerable medical concern due to their virulence and exceptional ability to develop antibiotic resistance. New kinds of antimicrobial therapies are urgently needed to treat patients for whom existing antibiotics are ineffective.

Analysis of transcription in an cystic fibrosis sputum model identifies metal restriction as a gene expression stimulus.

Chronic lung infections are a distinctive feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) pathology, that challenge adults with CF even with the advent of highly effective modulator therapies. Characterizing transcription in the CF lung and identifying factors that drive gene expression could yield novel strategies to eradicate infection or otherwise improve outcomes. To complement published gene expression studies in laboratory culture models designed to model the CF lung environment, we employed an ex vivo sputum model in which laboratory strain PAO1 was incubated in sputum from different CF donors.

Effects of Early Clozapine Treatment on Remission Rates in Acute Schizophrenia (The EARLY Trial): Protocol of a Randomized-Controlled Multicentric Trial.

Background: Quick symptomatic remission after the onset of psychotic symptoms is critical in schizophrenia treatment, determining the subsequent disease course and recovery. In this context, only every second patient with acute schizophrenia achieves symptomatic remission within three months of initiating antipsychotic treatment. The potential indication extension of clozapine-the most effective antipsychotic-to be introduced at an earlier stage (before treatment-resistance) is supported by several lines of evidence, but respective clinical trials are lacking.

Compendium-Wide Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Core and Accessory Genes Reveals Transcriptional Patterns across Strains PAO1 and PA14.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes difficult-to-treat infections. Two well-studied divergent P. aeruginosa strain types, PAO1 and PA14, have significant genomic heterogeneity, including diverse accessory genes present in only some strains.

Computationally Efficient Assembly of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gene Expression Compendia.

Thousands of Pseudomonas aeruginosa RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) gene expression profiles are publicly available via the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA). In this work, the transcriptional profiles from hundreds of studies performed by over 75 research groups were reanalyzed in aggregate to create a powerful tool for hypothesis generation and testing. Raw sequence data were uniformly processed using the Salmon pseudoaligner, and this read mapping method was validated by comparison to a direct alignment method.

ESKAPE Act Plus: Pathway Activation Analysis for Bacterial Pathogens.

The last 20 years have witnessed an explosion in publicly available gene expression and proteomic data and new tools to help researchers analyze these data. Tools typically include statistical approaches to identify differential expression, integrate prior knowledge, visualize results, and suggest how differential expression relates to changes in phenotype. Here, we provide a simple web-based tool that bridges some of the gaps between the functionality available to those studying eukaryotes and those studying prokaryotes.

No evidence of microplastic ingestion in emperor penguin chicks (Aptenodytes forsteri) from the Atka Bay colony (Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica).

Microplastic (<5 mm; MP) pollution has been an emerging threat for marine ecosystems around the globe with increasing evidence that even the world's most remote areas, including Antarctica, are no longer unaffected. Few studies however, have examined MP in Antarctic biota, and especially those from Antarctic regions with low human activity, meaning little is known about the extent to which biota are affected. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the occurrence of MP in the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), the only penguin species breeding around Antarctica during the austral winter, and an endemic apex predator in the Southern Ocean.

Cross-Sectional Survey of Opinions, Professional Changes, and Personal Hardships of COVID-19 on Chiropractors in the United States.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess self-reported data from a sample of U.S. doctors of chiropractic during the COVID-19 pandemic about levels of psychological stress and beliefs of the association between chiropractic spinal manipulation and the immune system.

CF-Seq, an accessible web application for rapid re-analysis of cystic fibrosis pathogen RNA sequencing studies.

Researchers studying cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens have produced numerous RNA-seq datasets which are available in the gene expression omnibus (GEO). Although these studies are publicly available, substantial computational expertise and manual effort are required to compare similar studies, visualize gene expression patterns within studies, and use published data to generate new experimental hypotheses. Furthermore, it is difficult to filter available studies by domain-relevant attributes such as strain, treatment, or media, or for a researcher to assess how a specific gene responds to various experimental conditions across studies.

Interprofessional Collaboration to Optimize Trauma-Informed Care in Pediatric Forensics.

There are many challenges in providing trauma-informed healthcare to pediatric victims of sexual abuse and their families. We address this through collaborative interprofessional efforts within our hospital facility, located in a Midwestern adult Level 1 and pediatric trauma center. Our sexual assault nurse examiner team is composed of eight nurses and provides 24/7 coverage.

Corrigendum: Elena+ Care for COVID-19, a Pandemic Lifestyle Care Intervention: Intervention Design and Study Protocol.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.

Elena+ Care for COVID-19, a Pandemic Lifestyle Care Intervention: Intervention Design and Study Protocol.

The current COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic is an emergency on a global scale, with huge swathes of the population required to remain indoors for prolonged periods to tackle the virus. In this new context, individuals' health-promoting routines are under greater strain, contributing to poorer mental and physical health. Additionally, individuals are required to keep up to date with latest health guidelines about the virus, which may be confusing in an age of social-media disinformation and shifting guidelines.

Interleukin-6 Is an Early Plasma Marker of Severe Postoperative Complications in Thoracic Surgery: Exploratory Results From a Substudy of a Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial.

Background: Postoperative complications in surgery are a significant burden, not only for the patients but also economically. While several predicting factors have already been identified, it is still not well known if increased levels of inflammatory markers in the immediate perioperative phase correlate with a higher incidence of postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate which patient characteristics and intraoperative parameters correlate with increased plasma values of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) of thoracic surgery patients.

Effects of acetate on cerebral blood flow, systemic inflammation, and behavior in alcohol use disorder.

Background: Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are associated with altered regulation of physiological processes in the brain. Acetate, a metabolite of ethanol, has been implicated in several processes that are disrupted in AUDs including transcriptional regulation, metabolism, inflammation, and neurotransmission. To further understand the effects of acetate on brain function in AUDs, we investigated the effects of acetate on cerebral blood flow (CBF), systemic inflammatory cytokines, and behavior in AUD.

Guidance concerning chiropractic practice in response to COVID-19 in the U.S.: a summary of state regulators' web-based information.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented changes, as many state and local governments enacted stay-at-home orders and non-essential businesses were closed. State chiropractic licensing boards play an important role in protecting the public via regulation of licensure and provision of guidance regarding standards of practice, especially during times of change or uncertainty.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to summarize the guidance provided in each of the 50 United States, related to chiropractic practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Chiropractic Management of a Patient With Thoracic Pain and a Stable Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report.

Objective: The purpose of this case report was to describe chiropractic management of thoracic pain in a patient with a stable thoracic aortic aneurysm.

Clinical Features: An 89-year-old man presented with axial mid- and upper back pain localized predominantly at the T8 and T1 spinal segmental levels. A review of available imaging revealed a stable aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta, which measured 4.

Globular Head-Displayed Conserved Influenza H1 Hemagglutinin Stalk Epitopes Confer Protection against Heterologous H1N1 Virus.

Significant genetic variability in the head region of the influenza A hemagglutinin, the main target of current vaccines, makes it challenging to develop a long-lived seasonal influenza prophylaxis. Vaccines based on the conserved hemagglutinin stalk domain might provide broader cross-reactive immunity. However, this region of the hemagglutinin is immunosubdominant to the head region.

Trends in treatment and in-hospital mortality for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Objective: We performed a retrospective cohort study in order to examine recent trends in use of post-partum treatments and in-hospital mortality for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Study Design: Included were infants with CDH, born in 2003 to 2012 and hospitalized at ⩽7 days of age at one of 33 United States tertiary referral children's hospitals with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) programs. In-hospital mortality as well as use of ECMO, surfactant and a variety of vasodilators were examined for trends during the study period.

Concentrating immunoprotective phytoactive compounds from fruits and vegetables into shelf-stable protein-rich ingredients.

Co-delivery of edible proteins with health-protective fruit (muscadine grape) and vegetable (kale) phytoactive compounds was accomplished in a biofortified ingredient for use in convenient, portable food formulations. Polyphenolics were concentrated (10-42 mg/g range) in dry muscadine-protein matrices. Kale-fortified protein matrices also captured polyphenolics (8 mg/g), carotenoids (69 μg/g) and glucosinolates (7 μmol/g).