Nanoparticles Partially Restore Bacterial Susceptibility to Antibiotics.

The growing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is one of the main public health problems nowadays. The influence of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) pretreatment of 220 cows with mastitis on the susceptibility of bacteria to 31 antibiotics was studied. The obtained results were compared with the previous results for , , and .

Aerosol Inhalation Delivery of Ag Nanoparticles in Mice: Pharmacokinetics and Antibacterial Action.

The aerosol inhalation delivery of composite particles consisting of Ag nanoparticles enveloped by polyvinylpyrrolidone was investigated in experiments with mice. An ultrasonic nebulizing system was created for the generation of aerosols with a mean diameter and mass concentration of 700 ± 50 nm and 65 ± 5 mg/m, respectively. The mass fraction of Ag in the composite particles was = 0.

[Therapeutic effects of medical rehabilitation in patients suffered from coronary heart disease with lower limb amputation].

Unlabelled: Disabled persons, who have undergone lower limb amputation (LLA) due to obliterating atherosclerosis, are a special group among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). In the developed countries, 25-35% of patients was performed high LLA in the first year of critical ischemia, ant the number of interventions is steadily increasing. The development of personalized medical rehabilitation programs (MR) for such patients is relevant.

Revealing the Second and the Third Causes of AgNPs Property to Restore the Bacterial Susceptibility to Antibiotics.

The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem for public health. In our previous works, it was shown that the application of AgNPs in cow mastitis treatment increased and . susceptibility to 31 antibiotics due to a decrease in the bacterial efflux effect.

Solution of the Drug Resistance Problem of with Silver Nanoparticles: Efflux Effect and Susceptibility to 31 Antibiotics.

The current work is a continuation of our studies focused on the application of nanoparticles of metallic silver (AgNPs) to address the global problem of antibiotic resistance. In vivo, fieldwork was carried out with 200 breeding cows with serous mastitis. Ex vivo analyses showed that after the cow was treated with an antibiotic-containing drug Dienomast, sensibility to 31 antibiotics decreased by 27.

Silver Nanoparticles Targeting the Drug Resistance Problem of : Susceptibility to Antibiotics and Efflux Effect.

The present work is a continuation of our translational research focusing on the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to solve the global problem of antibiotic resistance. In vivo fieldwork was done with 300 breeding farm cows with serous mastitis. Ex vivo assays revealed that after cow treatment with the antibiotic drug Spectromast LC, susceptibility to 31 antibiotics dropped by 22.

AgNPs Targeting the Drug Resistance Problem of : Susceptibility to Antibiotics and Efflux Effect.

The present work presents translational research with application of AgNPs targeting the global drug resistance problem. In vivo fieldwork was carried out with 400 breeding farm cows sick with a serous mastitis. Ex vivo results revealed that after cow treatment with Lactobay (a mixture of antibiotic drugs) the susceptibility to 31 antibiotics of isolates from cow breast secretion decreased by 25%, while after treatment with Argovit-C silver nanoparticles susceptibility increased by 11%.

Study of the Dynamics of Biofilm Formation and Elastase Activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Presence of Dodecanoyl-Homoserine Lactone.

We studied the effect of early accumulation of N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-homoserine lactone on the suppression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa reproduction, biofilm formation, and elastase activity. N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-homoserine lactone in various concentrations was added to the P. aeruginosa culture, and changes in the concentration of bacteria and the formation of biofilms were studied in dynamics.

The Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus Pneumonia Model Presenting a Novel Insight for the SARS-CoV-2 Dissemination Route.

Infectious bronchitis (IB) of chickens is a highly contagious disease characterized by damage of the respiratory system and reproductive organs in young animals caused by a virus of the genus Gamma coronavirus. The condition of the respiratory system caused by the IB virus in chickens has many similarities with the pathology of the respiratory system caused by SARS-CoV-2 in humans. The effectiveness of virucidal drugs (Argovit, Triviron, Ecocid, and lauric acid monoglyceride) was tested on chickens inoculated with a tenfold dose of a vaccine strain based on the attenuated virus H120 against IB of chickens.

Aerosol inhalation delivery of cefazolin in mice: Pharmacokinetic measurements and antibacterial effect.

Aerosol inhalation delivery of cefazolin, a broad-spectrum first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, was investigated. Inhalation system based on ultrasonic nebulizer was developed for the generation of dry cefazolin aerosol within mean particle diameter range 0.5-3.

EFFECTS OF VERY SMALL DOSES OF IONIZING RADIATION AND HYPOMAGNETIC FIELD CHANGE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGHER PLANT SEEDS.

Effects of a 40-times weakened geomagnetic field and its combination with low a- and y-radiation doses on the physiological characteristics of higher plant seeds and water redox properties were studied. Germination rate was found decreased and seedlings development retarded equally when exposure to the hepomagnetic field was direct or mediated by water. Besides, water-mediated irradiation by low y-doses moderated and by low a-doses augmented the negative HMF effect on seeds growth.

[Effect of thermal shock on seed resistance].

The work was performed in order to evaluate possible negative effect of high temperatures on biological properties of seeds in space experiment BIORISK-MSN-2. Laboratory experiments showed that seeds possess high enough resistance to extended exposure to high temperatures. Results of studying effects of positive temperatures in the region of 40 to 100 degrees C on biological properties of seeds of 19 species and varieties of higher plants belonging to three different families lead to the conclusion that heat stability of seeds depends on temperature value, period of exposure, species, variety and individual peculiarities of plants.

[Effects of low doses of ionizing radiation on substrate and germination of higher plants seeds].

The investigation had the aim to evaluate the effects of low doses (< 1-10 cGy) of ionizing radiation on the physical-chemical qualities of high-purification water. It had also the goal to study germination rate and energy and sprouting of four species of higher plants exposed directly and indirectly (watering) to alpha- and beta-radiation from radionuclids sources. When compared with intact water, after exposure to beta-particles electrical currents in water-filled containers consistently tended upward and downward after exposure to alpha-particles.

[Gas-exchange profiles of different algae communities as applied to biological system of human life support].

Previous modeling of the human-chlorella-microorganisms system showed that the absolute balance of atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide is unattainable because of inequality of the human respiration factor and chlorella assimilation factor. Analysis of patterns of gas-exchange regulation in a system with open trophic human-algae interrelations revealed that the sine qua non condition for this balance is identity of synthesized algal biomass and digestible part of human ration which is impractical with cultivation of only one algal species. We undertook experimental testing of this supposition with three algae communities: chlorella-chlamydomonas, spirulina-chlamydomonas and spirulina-chlamydomonas-clorella during accumulative cultivation.

[Effects of some species of hydrocoles on the development of ascarid eggs].

The study established that aquatic plants differently affected the development of ascarid eggs. Some species of algae exerted a damaging effect on ascarid eggs only at early stages of embryogenesis while others did at its late stages, but some species did not produce any noticeable effect on the development of the eggs. A great difference was found in the development of ascarid eggs in different seasons.

[Parametric control of the yield characteristics and species composition dynamics of algal poly-culture].

There are several experimental models of biological life support systems (BLSS) designed to incorporate a chlorella pool. These BLSS can be optimized if populated by algal associations that could take up more functions within the closed cycling system than a single alga species. Introduction of a Spirulina and Chlamydomonas poly-culture with differing in gas exchange and biochemical composition resulted in a tighter closure of linkages within the system.

ATM mutations, haplotype analysis, and immunological status of Russian patients with ataxia telangiectasia.

Mutations in the ATM gene are responsible for the autosomal recessive disorder, ataxia telangiectasia (A-T). Mutations in different ethnic groups are distributed along the entire length of the large, 66 exon ATM gene. In this study, A-T patients from 16 Russian families were assessed for immunological status and ATM haplotype analysis, and screened for ATM mutations.

[Lysozyme of hydrobionts and its role in self-purification of water reservoirs].

Model experiments were carried out to study the effects of hydrobiont lysozyme on self-purifying processes of water reservoirs through its participation in the formation of a community of destructive microorganisms. Lysozyme-resistant forms have been found to lie at basis of bacterial cenosis of the Urals, among which there are lysozyme-active and anti-lysozyme-active ones, their population shows an inverse relationship. The exogenous lysozyme that enters the water reservoir in the period when there is a change in the dominant forms of hydrobionts affects the composition of bacterial cenosis by preserving anti-lysozyme-activity with a high activity (6-8 (g/ml), which causes a change in the microbial community of water reservoir, thus affecting the processes of its self-purification.

[Development of a cultivation technology and selection of leaf vegetable cultures for space greenhouse].

We plan to perform space experiments on development of a technology for cultivation of leaf vegetables that might be a component of future life support systems for space crews. For this purpose, we are going to fly research greenhouses with the crop area from 0.03 up to 0.

[Characteristics of super dwarf wheat metabolism in microgravity].

Metabolism of sLt during Russian-US experiment GREENHOUSE-2 (July 9, 1996-January 17, 1997) within the MIR/NASA space research program and in laboratory Svet experiments in 1995-1996 was studied. Chemical, biochemical and pigment analyses of the flight and laboratory plants were made after the first (dry biomass) and second vegetation (photosynthetically active 41-d old plants). Data on the composition of leaves and stems of ground and flight wheat do not attest any biologically significant shifts in plant metabolism.

[Effect of thermal power stations on the sanitary and biological conditions of water reservoirs].

Discharge of thermal waters from power stations can result in the development of thermophilic microorganisms in the water reservoirs and increased water pollution. Increased water temperature changes relationships between lysozyme-active and antilysozyme-active bacteria. The quality of water gets worse.

[Evaluation of super dwarf wheat growth and development in greenhouse "Svet" during cultivation in inhabited pressurized chamber].

Goals of the 3-month experiment GREENHOUSE using the equipment of greenhouse SVET (ECO-PSY-95) were to feature growth and development of wheat through the entire cycle of ontogeny under the maximally mimicked MIR environment, and to try out the procedures and timeline of space experiment GREENHOUSE-2 as a part of the fundamental biology investigations within the MIR/NASA space science program. Irradiation intensity (PAR) was 65 W/m2 and 38 W/m2 in the experiment and laboratory control, respectively. Values of other environmental parameters were MIR average (18-25 degrees C, relative air humidity in the interval between 40% and 75%, total gas pressure of about 660 to 860 mm Hg, partial oxygen pressure within the range from 140 to 200 mm Hg, partial carbon dioxide pressure up to 7 mm Hg).

[Cyclic neutropenia: a disease or a syndrome?].

Peripheral blood and bone marrow morphology, blood and bone marrow lymphocyte subpopulation composition were studied in two children with cyclic neutropenia, using flow cytofluorometry, monoclonal antibodies, colony-forming capacity of granulocytic macrophagal precursors in semi-fluid agar. The studies were conducted in varying periods of the neutropenic cycle. Differences were revealed in immunohematologic parameters and clinical course of neutropenia in the two patients.