Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2023 Cases of SCMR case series.

"Cases of SCMR" is a case series on the SCMR website (https://www.scmr.org) for the purpose of education.

The forgotten borole: synthesis, properties and reactivity of a 1-boraindene.

The chemistry of unsaturated boron heterocycles, including five-membered boroles, continues to attract substantial interest. Herein, we report the synthesis of 1,2,3-triphenyl-1-boraindene, a benzene-fused borole, and examine its Lewis acidic, electrophilic, and antiaromatic properties relative to non-fused and bis-benzannulated boroles (9-borafluorenes). Reactivity studies with organic azides reveal that the boraindene behaves similarly to other boroles, undergoing ring expansion to a BN-naphthalene through insertion of a nitrogen atom.

Ultra-Processed Foods-Dietary Foe or Potential Ally?

The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has steadily increased in the United States. Health experts attribute the increasing prevalence of NCDs, in part, to the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) based on epidemiological observations. However, no definitive evidence of causality has been established.

User-Centered Development of HEARTPrep, a Digital Health Psychosocial Intervention for Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Heart Disease.

User-centered models for the development of digital health interventions are not consistently applied in healthcare settings. This study used a five-phase, user-centered approach to develop HEARTPrep, a psychosocial intervention delivered via mobile app and telehealth to mothers expecting a baby with congenital heart disease (CHD) to promote maternal, family, and child well-being. Phases of intervention development were: (I) establishing partnerships; (II) creating content; (III) developing prototype and testable intervention; (IV) conducting think-aloud testing; and (V) completing beta testing.

Virtually Delivered Psychosocial Intervention for Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Heart Disease: Feasibility and Acceptability of HEARTPrep.

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) often leads to anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress in expectant mothers, with long-term implications for the child and family. However, psychosocial intervention is rarely incorporated into prenatal care. HEARTPrep is a virtually delivered psychosocial intervention aimed at reducing distress and social isolation and increasing parenting self-efficacy and hope for mothers expecting a baby with CHD to promote long-term child/family well-being.

On the Reactivity of Mes*P(PMe ) towards Aluminum(I) Compounds - Evidence for the Intermediate Formation of Phosphaalumenes.

Phosphaalumenes are the heavier isoelectronic analogs of alkynes and have eluded facile synthesis until recently. We have reported that the combination of a phosphinidene transfer agent, TerP(PMe ) ( Ter=2,6-Ar -C H ), with (Cp*Al) (Cp*=C (CH ) ) afforded the phosphaalumenes TerPAlCp* as isolable, violet, thermally stable compounds. In here we describe attempts to utilize Mes*P(PMe ) (Mes*=2,4,6-tBu -C H ) as a phosphinidene source in combination with different Al(I) precursors, namely NacnacAl ( Nacnac=HC[C(Me)NDip] , Dip=2,6-iPr -C H ), (Cp*Al) and Cp Al (Cp =1,2,4-tBu -C H ).

Evidence-Based Assessment of Congenital Heart Disease Genes to Enable Returning Results in a Genomic Study.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common major congenital anomaly and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Epidemiologic evidence supports a role of genetics in the development of CHD. Genetic diagnoses can inform prognosis and clinical management.

On the Reactivity of Phosphaalumenes towards C-C Multiple Bonds.

Heterocycles containing group 13 and 15 elements such as borazines are an integral part of organic, biomedical and materials chemistry. Surprisingly, heterocycles containing P and Al are rare. We have now utilized phosphaalumenes in reactions with alkynes, alkenes and conjugated double bond systems.

A rigid redox-active-ligand-supported bis(germylene) as a two-centre six-electron donor.

A naphthyridine diimine (NDI) supported bis(germylene) NDI-Ge containing two dicoordinate, coplanar Ge(II) atoms has been synthesised. Computational investigations on NDI-Ge indicated the two Ge(II) atoms are nearly independent. The EDA-NOCV analysis of the [NDI-Ge][Fe(CO)] complex revealed the six-electron donor behavior of NDI-Ge, the first example for group-14-element-based bidentate ligands.

Cyclo-Dipnictadialanes.

Using the Al precursor Cp Al in conjunction with triphosphiranes (PAr) (Ar=Mes, Dip, Tip) we have succeeded in preparing Lewis base-free cyclic diphosphadialanes with both the Al and P atoms bearing three substituents. Using the sterically more demanding Dip and Tip substituents the first 1,2-diphospha-3,4-dialuminacyclobutanes were obtained, whereas with Mes substituents [Cp Al(μ-PMes)] is formed. This divergent reactivity was corroborated by DFT studies, which indicated the thermodynamic preference for the 1,2-diphospha-3,4-dialuminacyclobutane form for sterically more demanding groups on phosphorus.

Isolable Phospha- and Arsaalumenes.

The combination of (AlCp*), a source of monomeric :AlCp* at elevated temperatures, with TerPnPMe (Pn = P, As), so-called pnicta-Wittig reagents, at 80 °C cleanly gives the pnictaalumenes TerPnAlCp* with polarized Pn-Al double bonds and intramolecular stabilization through interactions of Al with a flanking aryl group of the terphenyl substituent on Pn. In contrast, using TerPPMe, the reaction with 2 equiv of :AlCp or :AlCp* afforded the three-membered 2π-aromatic ring systems TerP(AlCp) ( = 3t, *).

Targeted Therapy for Pulmonary Hypertension in Premature Infants.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and is associated with significant mortality. Despite expert consensus suggesting the use of targeted therapies such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors, endothelin receptor antagonists, and prostanoids, there is little data on safety and outcomes in infants with BPD-associated PH (BPD-PH) treated with these medications. We sought to describe the pharmacologic management of BPD-PH and to report outcomes at our institution.

Likely damaging de novo variants in congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients are associated with worse clinical outcomes.

Purpose: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with significant mortality and long-term morbidity in some but not all individuals. We hypothesize monogenic factors that cause CDH are likely to have pleiotropic effects and be associated with worse clinical outcomes.

Methods: We enrolled and prospectively followed 647 newborns with CDH and performed genomic sequencing on 462 trios to identify de novo variants.

Planar Cyclopenten-4-yl Cations: Highly Delocalized π Aromatics Stabilized by Hyperconjugation.

Theoretical studies predicted the planar cyclopenten-4-yl cation to be a classical carbocation, and the highest-energy isomer of C H . Hence, its existence has not been verified experimentally so far. We were now able to isolate two stable derivatives of the cyclopenten-4-yl cation by reaction of bulky alanes Cp AlBr with AlBr .

Assessment of Anomalous Coronary Arteries by Imagers and Surgeons: Comparison of Imaging Modalities.

Background: Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) is associated with sudden cardiac death. High-risk characteristics are most commonly assessed using a 2-dimensional (2D) echocardiogram (echo) or cardiac computed tomography (CT). We hypothesize that these characteristics will be more accurately assessed when they are presented in the form of a 3D digital model.

The genetics of isolated congenital heart disease.

The genetic mechanisms underlying congenital heart disease (CHD) are complex and remain incompletely understood. The majority of patients with CHD have an isolated heart defect without other organ system involvement, but the genetic basis of isolated CHD has been even more difficult to elucidate compared to syndromic CHD. Our understanding of the genetics of isolated CHD is advancing in large part due to advances in next generation sequencing, and the list of genes associated with CHD is rapidly expanding.

Genetic Basis of Human Congenital Heart Disease.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common major congenital anomaly with an incidence of ∼1% of live births and is a significant cause of birth defect-related mortality. The genetic mechanisms underlying the development of CHD are complex and remain incompletely understood. Known genetic causes include all classes of genetic variation including chromosomal aneuploidies, copy number variants, and rare and common single-nucleotide variants, which can be either de novo or inherited.

Sildenafil Use in Children with Pulmonary Hypertension.

Objective: To assess the demographics, treatment algorithm, and outcomes in a large cohort of children treated with sildenafil.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of children with pulmonary hypertension (PH) treated with sildenafil at a single institution between 2004 and 2015. Baseline and follow-up data collected by chart review.

Pulmonary hypertension in patients with 9q34.3 microdeletion-associated Kleefstra syndrome.

Kleefstra Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in EHMT1, Euchromatin Histone Methyl Transferase 1, or deletions encompassing EHMT1 on 9q34.3. Congenital heart defects are among the major findings in patients with 9q34.

Patients with anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery remain at risk after surgical repair.

Objectives: Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) from the opposite sinus of Valsalva is a rare cardiac anomaly associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). Single-center studies describe surgical repair as safe, although medium- and long-term effects on symptoms and risk of SCD remain unknown. We sought to describe outcomes of surgical repair of AAOCA.

A model for the temporal evolution of the spatial coherence in decaying reverberant sound fields.

Reverberant sound fields are often modeled as isotropic. However, it has been observed that spatial properties change during the decay of the sound field energy, due to non-isotropic attenuation in non-ideal rooms. In this letter, a model for the spatial coherence between two sensors in a decaying reverberant sound field is developed for rectangular rooms.

Adolescent varicocelectomy: does artery sparing influence recurrence rate and/or catch-up growth?

The prevalence of varicocoeles is 15% in the general adolescent and adult male population and in 35-40% of men evaluated for infertility. While varicocelectomy can be performed using various methods and techniques, the laparoscopic approach allows for clear visualization of the testicular artery and lymphatics. Amongst urologists, particularly paediatric urologists, and andrologists there is much debate regarding the significance of testicular artery sparing when performing a varicocelectomy, with some believing that ligating the testicular artery impairs catch-up growth and future fertility.

Outcomes of vesicoureteral reflux in children with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction treated with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux).

Objective: There has been hesitancy to use dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (DHXA, Deflux for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in the setting of lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction because of the limited number of published studies, the possibility of less success, and the manufacturer's recommendations contraindicating its use in patients with active LUT dysfunction. We report on our experience using DXHA in this subset of patients whose VUR persisted despite targeted therapy for their LUT condition.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed patients diagnosed with both a LUT condition and VUR who underwent subureteric DXHA while still undergoing treatment for their LUT dysfunction.

Physical exam and ultrasound characteristics of right varicocoeles in adolescents with left varicocoeles.

The published incidence of bilateral varicocoeles in adults is much higher than among adolescents. We investigated our adolescent varicocoele database to determine (i) the presence of subclinical and palpable right varicocoele s in boys with a left varicocoele, (ii) the effect, if any, of right varicocoele on asymmetry measurements and (iii) the difference in duplex doppler ultrasound (DDUS) findings between left varicocoele s and contralateral right varicocoele s. Among 506 boys with a known left varicocoele who underwent DDUS, the incidence of right clinical and subclinical varicocoele s as well as the influence of Tanner stage, varicocoele grade, laterality, peak retrograde flow (PRF) and maximum vein diameter (MVD) on testicular volume and asymmetry was examined using univariate and multivariate linear regression.