Role of miR-128-3p and miR-195-5p as biomarkers of coronary artery disease in Indians: a pilot study.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) imposes a significant economic burden in developing countries like India. Timely diagnosis and treatment should be prioritized to mitigate the disease. Current diagnostic tools being invasive and less specific raise the need to develop less invasive and more reliable molecular biomarkers.

Identifying the mitochondrial metabolism network by integration of machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes.

Imbalance in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance are two primary features of type 2 diabetes/diabetes mellitus. Its etiology is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle tissue. The mitochondria are vital organelles involved in ATP synthesis and metabolism.

In silico tools to assess the potential allergenicity of shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes).

Background: Computational tools may have an edge over conventional methods for the preliminary evaluation of food allergenicity. In this study, the allergenic potential of Lentinula edodes was evaluated and validated using in silico tools.

Results: The potential cross-reactivity of mushroom proteins with fungal allergens was determined using sequence alignment - the Fast Alignment (FASTA) and Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) algorithm.

RETRACTED: hsa-miR-23a~27a~24-2 cluster members inhibit aggressiveness of breast cancer cells by commonly targeting NCOA1, NLK and RAP1B.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

MicroRNA-128 inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis and function via targeting PGC1α and NDUFS4.

The size and morphology of mitochondria are very heterogeneous and correlates well with their healthy functioning. In many pathological conditions, mitochondrial morphology is altered due to impaired mitochondrial dynamics (a collective term for mitochondrial fusion and fission) and dysfunction. The current study aimed at identifying the role of microRNA-128 (miR-128) in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis.

Inhibition of microRNA-128-3p attenuates hypercholesterolemia in mouse model.

Aims: Hypercholesterolemia remains a critical risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and there is an urgent need to develop effective alternative therapeutics. Herein, we investigated the effects of miR-128-3p inhibition on serum cholesterol levels using a hypercholesterolemic mouse model.

Materials And Methods: Five injections of anti-miR-128-3p (AM-128) treatment were given, and the cholesterol profile in serum and liver was quantified.

Mitochondrial microRNA (MitomiRs) in cancer and complex mitochondrial diseases: current status and future perspectives.

Mitochondria are not only important for cellular bioenergetics but also lie at the heart of critical metabolic pathways. They can rapidly adjust themselves in response to changing conditions and the metabolic needs of the cell. Mitochondrial involvement as well as its dysfunction has been found to be associated with variety of pathological processes and diseases.

Susceptibility to high-altitude pulmonary edema is associated with circulating miRNA levels under hypobaric hypoxia conditions.

Hypobaric hypoxia poses stress to sojourners traveling to high-altitude. A cascade of physiological changes occurs to cope with or adapt to hypobaric hypoxia. However, an insufficient physiological response to the hypoxic condition resulting from imbalanced vascular homeostasis pathways results in high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE).

Effect of Social Networking Sites on the Quality of Life of College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study from a City in North India.

Introduction: With the advent and extensive use of the Internet and smartphones, social networking has become a pervasive part of human interaction. The use of these social networking sites or the Internet affects the physical, mental, and spiritual health of the people. Hence, there is need to understand how the time spent on social networking is affecting the quality of life (QOL) as a whole, especially among college-going students who are most likely users of social networking sites (18-21 years).

Identification of canonical NFκB (C-NFκB) pathway in uveal melanoma and their relation with patient outcome.

Inflammation in uveal melanoma (UM) is linked to a bad prognosis. It is rare type of cancer, of which the metastases are usually fatal within a year. Infiltration with an inflammatory infiltrate increases with disease progression but does not seem to inhibit metastasis.

MiR-195 regulates mitochondrial function by targeting mitofusin-2 in breast cancer cells.

Mitochondrial dynamics is a highly dysregulated process in cancer. Apoptosis and mitochondrial fission are two concurrent events wherein increased mitochondrial fragmentation serves as a hallmark of apoptosis. We have shown earlier that miR-195 exerts pro-apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells.

Mutational Analysis of the Mitochondrial DNA Displacement-Loop Region in Human Retinoblastoma with Patient Outcome.

Alteration in mitochondrial DNA plays an important role in the development and progression of cancer. The Displacement Loop (D-loop) region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the regulatory region for its replication and transcription. Therefore, we aimed to characterize mutations in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA along with the morphological changes and analyzed their impact on survival in retinoblastoma patients.

PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation and autophagy inhibition plays a key role in increased cholesterol during IL-17A mediated inflammatory response in psoriasis.

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the skin. Previous studies including ours have shown that IL-17A plays a major role in its pathogenesis; however, its precise molecular mechanism of action is not well understood. Cytokines like TNF α and IL-23 are also important in mediating the disease and some studies have also reported autophagy as a novel mechanism by which cytokines controls the immune response.

miR-4516, a microRNA downregulated in psoriasis inhibits keratinocyte motility by targeting fibronectin/integrin α9 signaling.

Psoriasis is recognized as a T cell mediated inflammatory hyperproliferative skin disorder. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis however, understanding of their mechanistic involvement remains unclear. Previously, we have shown that PUVA induced miR-4516 downregulates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by direct binding to its 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) and suppresses STAT3 downstream genes (Bcl xl, Cyclin D1).

miR-107 functions as a tumor suppressor in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and targets Cdc42.

Previously, we reported significantly decreased expression of tissue and circulating miR-107 in esophageal cancer (EC). However, its role in esophageal tumorigenesis still remains elusive. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the role of miR-107 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Lipid rafts in immune signalling: current progress and future perspective.

Lipid rafts are dynamic assemblies of proteins and lipids that harbour many receptors and regulatory molecules and so act as a platform for signal transduction. They float freely within the liquid-disordered bilayer of cellular membranes and can cluster to form larger ordered domains. Alterations in lipid rafts are commonly found to be associated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases and recent reports have shown that the raft domains can also be perturbed by targeting raft proteins through microRNAs.

MicroRNA: a connecting road between apoptosis and cholesterol metabolism.

Resistance to apoptosis leads to tumorigenesis and failure of anti-cancer therapy. Recent studies also highlight abrogated lipid/cholesterol metabolism as one of the root causes of cancer that can lead to metastatic transformations. Cancer cells are dependent on tremendous supply of cellular cholesterol for the formation of new membranes and continuation of cell signaling.

Prognostic significance of NADPH oxidase-4 as an indicator of reactive oxygen species stress in human retinoblastoma.

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to enhance the proliferation of cancer cells. NADPH oxidases (NOX4) are a major intracellular source of ROS and are found to be associated with cancer and tumor cell invasion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of NOX4 protein in human retinoblastoma.

Transcriptome profiling unveils the role of cholesterol in IL-17A signaling in psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by altered proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes as well as infiltration of immune cells. Increased expression of Th17 cells and cytokines secreted by them provides evidence for its central role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. IL-17A, signature cytokine of Th17 cells was found to be highly differentially expressed in psoriatic lesional skin.

MicroRNA-195 inhibits proliferation, invasion and metastasis in breast cancer cells by targeting FASN, HMGCR, ACACA and CYP27B1.

De novo lipogenesis, a hallmark for cancers is required for cellular transformation. Further it is believed that resistance to apoptosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition(EMT) facilitates metastasis via over-expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Previously we demonstrated that hsa-miR-195 targets BCL2, induces apoptosis and augmented the effect of etoposide in breast cancer cells.

MicroRNAs: An Apparent Switch for High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema.

Background: High-altitude (HA) attracts people for its beauty and adventure. Interestingly, however, it affects the normal physiology and health due to the hypobaric hypoxic environment. Normal individuals acclimatize efficiently, but susceptible individuals encounter HA related disorders.

Gene expression profiling reveals the role of RIG1 like receptor signaling in p53 dependent apoptosis induced by PUVA in keratinocytes.

Photochemotherapy using 8-methoxypsoralen in combination with UVA radiation (PUVA) is an effective treatment for various skin dermatosis including psoriasis however its molecular mechanism is not clear. Previously we demonstrated that PUVA differentially regulates miRNA expression profile with a significant up-regulation of hsa-miR-4516. To study in detail the molecular mechanism of PUVA in keratinocytes, we investigated the genome wide transcriptomic changes using Illumina whole genome gene expression beadchip.

Systematic Analysis of Mycobacterial Acylation Reveals First Example of Acylation-mediated Regulation of Enzyme Activity of a Bacterial Phosphatase.

Protein lysine acetylation is known to regulate multiple aspects of bacterial metabolism. However, its presence in mycobacterial signal transduction and virulence-associated proteins has not been studied. In this study, analysis of mycobacterial proteins from different cellular fractions indicated dynamic and widespread occurrence of lysine acetylation.